• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.202-202
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• 2011

The research of 3-dimensional (3-D) scaffold for tissue engineering has been widely investigated as the importance of the 3-D scaffold increased. 3-D scaffold is needed to support for cells to proliferate and maintain their biological functions. Furthermore, its architecture defines the shape of the new bone and cartilage growth. Polycaprolactone (PCL) has been one of the most promising materials for fabricating 3-D scaffold owing to its excellent mechanical property and biocompatibility. However, there are practical problems for using it, in vitro and in vivo; extracellular matrix components and nutrients cannot penetrate into the inner space of scaffold, due to its hydrophobic property, and thus cell seeding and attachment onto the inner surface remain as a challenge. Thus, the surface modification strategy of 3-D PCL scaffold is prerequisite for successful tissue engineering. Herein, we utilized a mussel-inspired approach for surface modification of 3-D PCL scaffold. Modification of 3-D PCL scaffolds was carried out by simple immersion of scaffolds into the dopamine solution and stimulated body fluid, and as a result, hydroxyapatite-immobilized 3-D PCL scaffolds were obtained. After surface modification, the wettability of 3-D PCL scaffold was considerably changed, and infiltration of the pre-osteoblastic cells into the 3-D scaffold followed by the attachment onto the surface was successfully achieved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.379-395
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• 2003

Regional foods is influenced by weather, local and social environment etc. The purpose of this study was to understand that regional foods in the middle of Chosun Dynasty through Domundaejac. Some of representative dishes of the Hansung and Kyonggi-do Area is duck(rice cake) of seasonally celebrated days, hangua(korea confectionary) and rice wine. Typical foods in Chungchong-do Area is included persimmon, jujube, watermelon and wax gourd. Some of the well-known food in Kangwon-do Area is pear, bangpungchuk(gruel), sukebyung(rice cake), woongjijunggua(korea confectionary) and sanat-kimchi(picked mustard leaves and stem) that is seemed characteristics of mountainous section. Some of the famous dishes in Cholla-do Area is backsanja(korea confectionary), tea, chuksun kimchi(bamboo shoot pickle), citrus fruits and ear shell. Kyongsan-do Area ia famous persimmon, bamboo fruit, dasik(korea confectionary) and yakban(glutinous rice cake). Hwanghae-do Area is famed pear and choshi as assumed the eatly form of gochujang(thick soypaste mixed with red pepper). Representative dishes are deljjuk(blue berry), herring, sangat-kimchi(picked mustard leaves and sterm) in Hamgyong-do Area and daemandu(big dumpling) in Pyongan-do Area. The coast area is famous for using lots of sea food. Fresh seafood is consumed raw, and clams, fish and seaweed are liberally added to soups and other dishes. The East coast is catched salmon, flatfish, codfish, sandfish and mackerel The West coast is catched yellow corvenia, lobster, tiny shrimp and large-eyed herring. The South coast is catched sea mussel, codfish and laver.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2011

The unwanted artificial oil-spill has severely contaminated the coastal environment in the world. Level of contamination has so far been monitered by various indicator species including mussel, oysters, flounder, and cockle. In this study, we decided to use the oyster as a model organism to observe the morphological changes being exposed to the artificial oil-spill in the coastal areas in Taean, Korea. The oysters were collected from four local sites (Sindu-ri, Uiwang-ri, Jonghyeon-dong, Ansan and Uihang-ri) exposed to various levels of pollution after an oil spill in Taean. Microscopic analysis of the hepatopancreatic microstructure in the digestive gland from the collected oysters show that the swelling, whorl, and destruction phenomenon of the nuclear membrane, a well-known microstructure induced by heavy metal exposure, was observed. Nuclear body (Nb), another typical characteristic of contamination or infection were also observed in some samples. Necrosis was observed in tissue samples collected from the area with a high degree of oil pollution. In addition, parasite-like particles (virus, perkinsus) were observed in most samples. Taken together, these results suggest that oil contamination in the oyster habitats influences the cytopathological changes in Crassostrea gigas.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.261-270
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• 1996

To investigate the degree of contamination from Korean coastal region, the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in sediments, seawater and oyster (Crassostrea gigas) at Masan Bay, Onsan Bay, Daesan industrial complex and their control areas were analysed. Values for sediments, seawater and oyster in the industrial complex coastal region were higher than those in the control area except for seawater in Daesan. The values for dissolved phasc of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in seawater showed 0.3~1.75 ${\mu}g/l$, 0.013~0.12 ${\mu}g/l$, 0.20~6.14 ${\mu}g/l$ and 0.007~0.021 ${\mu}g/l$, respectively. The concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in sediments werd 12.0~47.8 ${\mu}g/g$, 6.16~59.5 ${\mu}g/g$, 43.0~230 ${\mu}g/g$ and 0.52~11.2 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively. The concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in oyster showed 12.1~85.6 ${\mu}g/g$, 0.267~1.48 ${\mu}g/g$, 1, 070~3, 250 ${\mu}g/g$ and 3.23~7.71 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively. The contents of heavy metals in oysters at industrial complex coastal region showed that they were not seriously contaminated compared with those of Mussel Watch (1992).

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 1961

1) Respiratory metabolism patterns and its enzyme systems in the gill tissue of the fresh water mussels, Cristaria plicata were investigated through the examination on the effects of respiratory enzyme inhibitors, (KCN, NAF) and succinoxidase assay, while studying the effects of neutral salts (NaCL, KCL, CaCl2) and pH on oxygen consumption of the gill tissue. 2) In the limited concentration of KCL (0.3mM) and NaCl (0.4mM) solutions, oxygen consumption of the intact gill tissue was accelerated, but in CaCl2(0.5mM) solution, it showed no significant effect. The oxygen consumption was gradually decreased at the above concentrations of these limitations. The optimum pH for the respiration of the gill was 7.3. 3)Cyanide in 10-8M solution inhibited 88.8% of the respiration of the intact gill tissue. Methylene blue accelerated the respiration of the noral gill tissue, and slightly but significantly reversed the cyaniide poisoned respiration. 4)Oxygen consumption of the gill homogenate was apparently increased by the mixed addition of succinate, cytochrome c and activators (AlCl3 and CaCl2). This results suggested that succinoxidase system acts on the respiratory pattern of the gil tissue. 5) It was able to recognize that the enolase, which acts on the anaerobic glycolytic system, participated in the tissue respiration of the gill for NaF in 5$\times$10-2 M solution inhibited 55.5% of the respiration of the same intact tissue.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.167-173
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• 2006

The embryos of marine bivalves have been commonly used in bioassays for quality assessments of marine environments. Although several standard protocols for the developmental bioassay of bivalves have been proposed, only a few trials for application of these protocols in environmental assessments or for the development of a new protocol with Korean species have been conducted. As such, there is a strong need to establish standard bioassay protocols with bivalves commonly found in Korean waters. To determine the sensitivity of Mytilus galloprovincialis to establish a standard bioassay, their fertilized eggs were exposed to six metals (Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn). The order of biological impact was Ag > Cu > Ni > Zn > Cr > Cd and their lowest observed effective concentration were 5, 16.4, 25.4, 142, 187 and 1,500${\mu}g/l$, respectively. The proportion of normal larvae appeared to decrease linearly with the logarithm of each toxicant concentration within the tested range. The average values of median effective concentrations $(EC_{50})$ from the triplicate experiments for Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn were 6.8, 1,797, 786, 16.6, 68.1, and 139.2${\mu}g/l$, respectively. There was a more than 100-fold difference in $EC_{50}$ values of Cu and Cd. The value of $EC_{50}$ or median lethal concentration of Cu was within the range observed for other bivalve developmental bioassays. The overall sensitivity of M. galloprovincialis in the present developmental bioassay was also similar to that of other marine organisms commonly used in aquatic bioassays (e.g. sea urchins, oysters). Hence, the bioassay using the embryo of M. galloprovincialis is considered to be a useful tool to monitor and evaluate the quality of marine aquatic environments.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.390-392
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• 2012

Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins were investigated by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Okadaic acid (OA), Dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1), Pectonotoxin2, (PTX2) and Yessotoxin (YTX) in bivalves were quantified. OA were found in four samples; mussel Mytilus edulis (0.001 ${\mu}g/g$), Oyster Crassostrea gigas (0.004 and 0.001 ${\mu}g/g$) and manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum (0.001 ${\mu}g/g$). DTX1, PTX2, and YTX were not detected from all of the samples examined.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.110-115
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• 2019

Graphene oxide has been gathering interests as a way to exfoliate graphene. Since the oxidation group of graphene oxide can hydrogen bond with various functional groups, tremendous efforts have been actively conducted to apply various applications. However, graphene oxide alone cannot substantially possess the mechanical properties required for the practical application. Therefore, in this study, polydopamine, which is a bio-mimetic mussel protein-inspired material, was combined with graphene oxide to form a large-area composite membrane at the liquid-gas interface. In addition, the morphology of the polydopamine-graphene oxide composite thin film was also controlled to obtain a composite membrane having a nano-wrinkle structure. It can be expected to be used in the next generation seawater desalination membranes or carbon composites because it can form mechanically superior and sophisticated nanostructures.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.255-267
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• 2021

To understand the composition and community changes of benthic species by water depth (5 m, 20 m, 30 m) in the cage facilities, net substrate made of fish cages were installed at intervals of 2 months from March to September 2019, which is the main period of sessile organism recruitment. Water temperature and salinity varied in the ranges of 1~5℃ and 1~4 mg/L at 5 m from June to August, respectively, and less difference was observed according to water depth in other investigation periods. A total of 37 benthic animals were recruited, and Kamptozoa unid., Caprella scaura and Jassa slatteryi were verified during the entire study period. Mytilus galloprovincialis, a Mediterranean mussel, showed seasonality dominant only from spring to early summer (March to July). The community structure classified by temporal and spatial factors, and Bugula neritina, Kamptozoa unid., and Sertularella sp. contributed to the formation of the community. The depth of 5 m was exposed to environmental changes in water temperature and salinity temporally, so there was a seasonal variation in the composition of the sessile organism, but at depths of 20 m and 30 m, there was less significant environmental change and it showed relatively stable than 5 m.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.685-690
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• 2021

Harmful shell-boring species of the genus Polydora (Polychaeta: Spionidae) were frequently reported from commercially important mollusk species in Korea, Japan and China. The traditional approach based on the morphological characteristics showed limitations for species discrimination among shell-boring species. Therefore, DNA barcoding was adopted to identify Polydora species using molecular markers. Two Polydora species (P. haswelli and P. hoplura) in abalone shells were reported from our previous molecular phylogenetic study. In this study, we additionally reported the presence of shell-boring Polydora haswelli in commercially sold shellfish. The taxon-specific cox1 marker used in this study successfully allowed the isolation of P. haswelli from cockle Scapharca subcrenata, mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, oyster Crassostrea gigas and scallop Argopecten irradians. Polydora hoplura was not found in these shellfish species. The genetic variations were found on the intraspecific level of P. haswelli and the same genotype was also detected in different shellfish species. This result can provide information on a new host and accurate parasitic Polydora species. Moreover, this report can be used as the biodiversity data of Polydora species on the invasion and transition of harmful Polydora species in mollusk aquaculture farms.