• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.97-107
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• 2011

Nowadays there are a lot of issues about copyright infringement in the Internet world because the digital content on the network can be copied and delivered easily. Indeed the copied version has same quality with the original one. So, copyright owners and content provider want a powerful solution to protect their content. The popular one of the solutions was DRM (digital rights management) that is based on encryption technology and rights control. However, DRM-free service was launched after Steve Jobs who is CEO of Apple proposed a new music service paradigm without DRM, and the DRM is disappeared at the online music market. Even though the online music service decided to not equip the DRM solution, copyright owners and content providers are still searching a solution to protect their content. A solution to replace the DRM technology is digital audio watermarking technology which can embed copyright information into the music. In this paper, the author proposed a new audio watermarking algorithm with two approaches. First, the watermark information is generated by two dimensional barcode which has error correction code. So, the information can be recovered by itself if the errors fall into the range of the error tolerance. The other one is to use chirp sequence of CDMA (code division multiple access). These make the algorithm robust to the several malicious attacks. There are many 2D barcodes. Especially, QR code which is one of the matrix barcodes can express the information and the expression is freer than that of the other matrix barcodes. QR code has the square patterns with double at the three corners and these indicate the boundary of the symbol. This feature of the QR code is proper to express the watermark information. That is, because the QR code is 2D barcodes, nonlinear code and matrix code, it can be modulated to the spread spectrum and can be used for the watermarking algorithm. The proposed algorithm assigns the different spread spectrum sequences to the individual users respectively. In the case that the assigned code sequences are orthogonal, we can identify the watermark information of the individual user from an audio content. The algorithm used the Walsh code as an orthogonal code. The watermark information is rearranged to the 1D sequence from 2D barcode and modulated by the Walsh code. The modulated watermark information is embedded into the DCT (discrete cosine transform) domain of the original audio content. For the performance evaluation, I used 3 audio samples, "Amazing Grace", "Oh! Carol" and "Take me home country roads", The attacks for the robustness test were MP3 compression, echo attack, and sub woofer boost. The MP3 compression was performed by a tool of Cool Edit Pro 2.0. The specification of MP3 was CBR(Constant Bit Rate) 128kbps, 44,100Hz, and stereo. The echo attack had the echo with initial volume 70%, decay 75%, and delay 100msec. The sub woofer boost attack was a modification attack of low frequency part in the Fourier coefficients. The test results showed the proposed algorithm is robust to the attacks. In the MP3 attack, the strength of the watermark information is not affected, and then the watermark can be detected from all of the sample audios. In the sub woofer boost attack, the watermark was detected when the strength is 0.3. Also, in the case of echo attack, the watermark can be identified if the strength is greater and equal than 0.5.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.397-409
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• 2015

Nowadays, crowdfunding presents a promising development. This research focuses on the influence of platform strategy and market response on the success of crowdfunding from the perspective of the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) theory. Detailed product specifications, crowdfunding difficulty coefficient, vivid advertising video such as introduction and music, and recommendations from relevant figures are all used to depict platform strategy. Meanwhile, we use the number of lovers, followers, comments and 1 RMB backers to measure the level of market response. And thus, we model the impact of platform strategy and market response on crowdfunding success with empirical studies based on 400 samples of observed value. We found firstly that there exist significant positive relations between the total amount of funds pledged and detailed product specification, vivid advertising video, recommendations from relevant figures and the number of 1 RMB backers. Secondly, the crowdfunding difficulty of projects affects negatively, and significantly, the total amount of funds pledged. Thirdly, the influence of the number of lovers and followers on funds pledged is not significant.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.13-33
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to examine the styles of street fashion in youth sub-culture which has the leading power of 1990's Korean fashion flow. This topic has been explored in documentary studies about the youth sub-culture and the background of street fashion. Then, it also continued to classify street fashion styles in order to grasp the meaning as a young fashion. The results of this study are as follows. Street fashio of Korean youth are composed of four styles. ; The first is a hip-hop style. The hip-hop of Korea is started by 'Taiji Boys' and their representative apperances are the big-baggy pants, the reversed cap, the thrown backpack. The second is a reggae style. It is formed by the singer 'Kim Gun Mo'. It features the primary color and the use of ethnic fabrics. The third is a kitch style. The kitch is definitely represented by the old, the childish and the satire appearances. It came up with the rock band 'pipiband'. The forth is a sporty style. It comes from 'basketball' and 'skateboarding' which the young people prefer. Its designs are applied from the back-number of players, the names of the teams, the stripes of active-feeling. Based on this study, I designed cloths with 3 concepts to present a new design direction of Street Fashion. Work 1, 「JOY-RIDE」 represented the freedom and the release which are shown by pop music and dance. Work 2, 「GAMMA ENERGY」 represented the dynamic energy through sports games. Work 3, 「AROUND THE CORNER」 represented the form of street including comers, walls, roads etc.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.18 no.3 s.47
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• pp.171-187
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to research high school students' stressful life events, to examine effects of SES, psychological environments, stress coping methods on stress. Data were collected by 965 high school students in Cheon-buk. Data were analyzed with the frequency, percentage, factor analysis, reliability, ANOVA test, Multiple Regression in use of SPSS WIN 7.5 Program. The main results are as follow: 1. High school students; stressful life events are ① comparingㆍinterferenceㆍscolding ② having a bad at their study. ③ educational environments ④ ability ⑤ apearance. Peoples stressed me are ① her(him)self ② friend and ③ teacher. Stress coping behaviors are it's ① speak ill a person. ② listen to the music. ③ sleep. ④ be patient. ⑤ keep still or take breath deeply. 2. SES, Psychological Environments, Stress Coping Methods are related to stress. Especially hopeless in future, parental not affections and parental interference are related to stress highly. Also the stress by sex discrimination are related to gender intimately. 3. Effects of SES, Psychological Environments, Stress Coping Method on high school students' stress are very different. So it must to be differentiated the support on the high school students' stress.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2004

In this paper, we present a speech enhancement method as a pre-processor for voice commander under car environment. For the friendly and safe use of voice commander in a running car, non-stationary audio signals such as music and non-candidate speech should be reduced. Ow technique is a two microphone-based one. It consists of two parts Blind Source Separation (BSS) and Kalman filtering. Firstly, BSS is operated as a spatial filter to deal with non-stationary signals and then car noise is reduced by kalman filtering as a temporal filter. Algorithm Performance is tested for speech recognition. And the results show that our two microphone-based technique can be a good candidate to a voice commander.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.158-170
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine how recently fashion corporate did use SNS applications for their product promotion strategies as case studies, and to provide what kinds of SNS marketing strategies would be developed for fashion corporate. Specifically, this study was focused on Twitter among SNS applications. For this study, Internet webs, news paper, articles, and other press work were used for resources. Five fashion corporate such as Buckaroo, MLB, North Faces, Kolon, and ABC Mart were analyzed. As the results, first, fashion corporate used Twitter as the marketing tool for their product promotion. Second, they tried to make an increase the numbers of Twitter follower from their customers. Third, Twitter was used for making higher customer loyalty by fashion corporate through a variety of program such as special events, game, music, or viral marketing. However, there were still some limitations on fashion corporate's Twitter usage, compared to other non-fashion corporate. Thus, fashion corporate needs to provide more creative and unique Twitter marketing strategies. Therefore, based on these results, fashion brand merchandising marketing strategies of fashion products would be provided from this study.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.90-102
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• 2002

Purpose: Home health nurses could affect patients' choice of alternative therapy. This study was carried out to investigate home health nurses' attitudes and cognition toward alternative therapy. Method: The subjects were 92 nurses who preparing the home health nurses at 2 university in Seoul and Suwon. Using the questionnaire. we measured the subjects' attitudes and cognition toward alternative therapy. Result: The mean score of attitudes about application was 3.14. and the score of attitudes about therapeutic effect was 2.57. The score of attitudes about therapeutic effect were significantly positive correlation to the score of cognition about alternative therapy. The attitudes about therapeutic effect were different significantly according to number of working years. But they commonly wanted to apply the soojichim. aroma-therapy. massage. danjon breathing. music therapy. plant therapy. and foot reflexology to their home health care subjects. Conclusion: Alternative therapies became a popular source of health care in Korea. This study showed pre-home health nurses had positive attitudes toward alternative therapies and they had wide variations of knowledge in how to use each therapy. But they acknowledge the value of alternative therapies as useful nursing interventions. so we all nurses should pay attention to develope the nursing intervention using alternative therapy.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.99-105
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• 2007

This paper describes the investigation on the spot in relation to electrical safety of electrical installation in elementary middle high school. The investigation was carried out for power receiving system, classroom, chemistry room, music hall and so on. The investigation on the spot was performed by researcher, the related expert, engineer with over fifteen years of industry experience all over the country. As a result of investigation on the spot to 41 schools, common grounding methods at power receiving system were dominant. The risk factors include absence of control box of electric fan, non-installation of earth leakage circuit breaker to power source of experiment stand, use of non-grounding outlet.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.17 no.5 s.122
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• pp.373-378
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• 2007

Today, the use of the sound absorptive material is increasing to improve the room acoustics in the auditorium and music hall, etc. Usually, the sound absorption materials have been used to enhance the performance of a noise barrier and improve the room acoustics in construction site. Generally, the sound absorbtion coefficients are the most important factor reflecting the sound absorbtion performance. There are two methods to measure the sound absorption coefficient. The first one is the reverberation room method, and the second is the impedance tube method. In this study, we measure the sound absorbtion coefficients using these two methods, and then we compared the results of the sound absorbtion coefficients to look into the difference of results between reverberation room method and impedance tube method. Also we compared the results of the sound absorbtion coefficients with respect to the size of sample and the volume of reverberation room. From the experiment, we could see that the sound absorbtion coefficients are measured equally for different sample size. But the sound absorbtion coefficients are measured differently according to test methods and test conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.696-700
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• 2007

In case of dome-typed gymnastics training floor, since its form takes shape of the focus of sound, in the occasion when the finishing-material was used with the sandwich panel that prominent in reflexibility, and because the reverberation of sound in indoor is too loud, a smooth practice and teaching is very difficult. As this indoor gymnastics training floor, standing at its character, is required simultaneously the idea communication between the player and the coach, and the acoustic capability regarding to the clearness of music, besides the sport activity, the method to minimize the acoustic defect should be urgently contrived from the stages of design and beginning of construction. On this viewpoint, after investigation on the confidence of the surveyed value and the estimated value using acoustic simulation, and use of the changed finish-material, this thesis intends to design the dome-typed gymnastics training floor that secured the optimized acoustic condition. It is also considered that such result of the study could be utilized as the useful data that enables to improve the retrenchment effect of the construction cost as well as the acoustic performance, by means of the prediction control on the acoustic problem from the stage of design, for the occasion when the similar indoor sport gymnasium is planning to build for the near future.