• KSBB Journal
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.126-134
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• 2016

To examine the possibility of using Musa sapientum L. (Banana) leaf extract as a cosmetic raw material, banana leaves grown in Jeju Island were extracted with 70% ethanol. Polysaccharides present in banana leaf extract were discarded by precipitation with cold ethanol. Polysaccharide-discarded banana leaf extract promoted procollagen and COL1A1 gene expression, but inhibited matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-2 gene expression in human skin fibroblasts when examined by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The active compound in banana leaves was identified by fractionation with various solvents. The chloroform fraction showed the highest anti-wrinkle efficacy and the active compound of chloroform fraction was identified as corosolic acid by NMR, FT-IR, EA, and HPLC-MS. In addition, banana leaf extract showed anti-oxidative efficacy with an IC50 value of 67.91 ppm, as determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Finally, the anti-wrinkle efficacy of banana leaf extract-containing cream was confirmed by clinical tests. Based on these results, banana leaves could have an application as a cosmetic raw material with anti-wrinkle efficacy.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.54-57
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• 2007

Rhizopus soft rot caused by Rhizopus stolonifer occurred on banana (Musa sapientum) in the box at Jinju City Wholesale Market of Agricultural Products at Gyeongnam province in Korea. The infected fruits were rapidly water-soaked, softened, blackened and eventually rotted. They were infected from wounds at harvest time. The colony of the isolate from the infected fruit was white to light brown and formed many sporangiospores. The optimum growth temperature of the fungus on potato dextrose agar was $30^{\circ}C$. Sporangiophores were $12{\sim}26\;{\mu}m$ in width. Sporangia were globose or hemispheric, white at first and changed gradually to black, and $83{\sim}195\;{\mu}m$ in size. Columella were hemispheric, and $72{\sim}125\;{\mu}m$ in size. Sporangiospores were irregular round or oval, brownish-black and $9{\sim}20{\times}7{\sim}8\;{\mu}m$ in size. On the basis of symptom, mycological characteristics and pathogenicity to banana, the causal fungus was identified as Rhizopus stolonifer. This is the first report of Rhizopus soft rot by R. stolonifer on banana in Korea.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.477-481
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• 1996

It has been shown that tannins have adverse effects on growth of animals and feed utilization. Tannins are usually classified into hydrolyzable and condensed types but the adverse effects are more marked in condensed tannin in hydrolyzable tannin. Furthermore, the principle condensed tannins found in banana fruits are pro types by the polymerization of flavan-3, 4-diols either alone or in combination with other flavonoids such as catechins. Tannin of the investigated banana(Banana; Musa sapientum LINN)fruits was fractionated into four or five molecular forms, according to the degree of polymerization by chromatography on a column of Sephadex LH-20. The protein-precitating capacity of the fraction noted tannins increased in degree polymerzation. The inhibitory effect of tannins on trypsin(EC 3. 4. 21. 4), ${\alpha}-amylase$(EC 3. 2. 1. 1) and lipase(EC 3. 1. 1. 3) activities in vitro also increased with the incraesed in degree of polymerization.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.137-138
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• 1987

1985년에서 1986년, 전남지방과 제주지방에서 채집한 바나나의 이병엽과 이병과에서 Fusarium moniliforme Sheld. 가 빈번하게 분리되었다. 분리된 F. moniliforme의 대형분생포자는 대부분 3개 내지 5개의 격막이 있고, 크기는 $20.0-50.0\times2.0-3.5{\mu}m$였으며, 소형분생포자의 크기는 $5.0-12.0\times1.5-2.5{\mu}m$였다. 병원성검정 결과, 이 균의 분리균주 중에는 병원성인 계통과 비병원성인 계통이 있음을 발견하였다. 접종시험에 의해 병원성인 계통의 균주들은 바나나의 잎에 잎끝마름병을 일으켰으며, 열매에는 열매끝썩음병과 수관썩음병을 일으켰다.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.34-44
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• 2004

Objectives: The objective of this study was to teach patients clinically useful external application of acne. Methods: We investigated the effects and manufacturing methods of the medical herbs published in the woman's monthly magazines according to "Zhong-Yao-Da-Ci-Dian(中藥大辭典)". Results: We investigated that Saururus chinensis Baill.(三白草), Houttuynia cordata Thunb.(魚腥草), Coix lachrymajobi L.(薏苡仁) were discovered 3 times, Brassica oleracea L.(甘藍), Raphanus sativus L.(래복), Daucus carota L. var. Sativa DC.(홍래복), Oryza sativa L.(米皮糠), Spinacia oleracea L.(파래), Cucumis sativus L.(黃爪) 2 times, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.(甘草), Gallus gallus domesticus Braisson.(？子白), Aloe vera L.(노회), Phascolus radiatus L.(綠豆), Prunus persica Batsch.(桃葉), Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.(番茄), Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.(蒲公英), Prunus armeniaca L.(杏仁), Musa paradisiaca L. var. Sapientum O. ktze.(香蕉) and Malus pumila Mill.(평과) were discovered once in woman's monthly magazine during last two years. According to the effects, we classificated four groups which were defervescence(淸熱), subsidence of edema(消腫), pyorrhea(排膿) and gloss(滋潤) group. Conclusion & discussion : We suggested the use of each medical herbs on the Consensus conference on acne classification. We needed the further study on the manufacturing method, the time of use and the dose

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.161-164
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• 2002

Colletotrichum musae was isolated from dark-brown anthracnose lesions on commercial banana (Musa sapientum L.) to establish the causal agent of the symptom. The fungus grew fast and produced white aerial mycelium on PDA. Acervuli developed abundantly on culture plates after incubation for 10 days at $25^{\circ}C$. Pinkish conidial masses were produced on the acervuli, which mostly coalesced together, Conidia were aseptate, hyaline, straight, ellipsoid to globose, and 14.5$\times$6.9 $\mu\textrm{m}$ in size. Black, clavate, round, or irregular-shaped appressoria measuring 8.8$\times$6.8 $\mu\textrm{m}$ were readily formed from germ tubes. Setae-like structures were not found either on the lesion or on the cultures. Sclerotia were also absent. Among the media, PDA medium was the best for mycelial growth. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth was $28^{\circ}C$, while the optimum pH ranged from pH 5.5 to 6.5. The isolates of C musae caused black necrotic lesions on banana fruits by needle-wound inoculation, and orange-colored spore masses were produced on the lesions. The fungus also caused discoloration on apple fruits inoculated.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.166-170
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• 2008

The effects of heat treatments on the antioxidant activities of selected fruits and vegetables were investigated by heating at various temperatures (110, 120, 130, 140, and 150$^{\circ}C$) for 2 hr. The examined fruits and vegetables included tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum), oriental melon (Cucumis melon var. makuwa), apples (Malus pumila Miller var. domestica Schneider), melon (Cucumis melon), watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris), and banana (Musa sapientum). The total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents of the juices from heated samples were quantified spectrophotometrically, and their antioxidant activities were determined using DPPH and ABTS radicals. As the heating temperature increased, antioxidant activity also increased. The highest total polyphenol content (2.80 mg/g) occurred in the oriental melon with heating at 150$^{\circ}C$, and this value was 7 times higher than that of the untreated oriental melon (0.40 mg/g). The highest total flavonoid content (148.80 ${\mu}$g/g) occurred in the melon heat treated at 150$^{\circ}C$, and this value was 37 times higher than that of the untreated melon (4.54 ${\mu}$g/g). DPPH radical-scavenging activity was the highest in the watermelon treated at 150$^{\circ}C$ (84.37%, 0.50 mg/g), and this value was 40 times higher than that of the untreated watermelon. Finally, the highest ascorbic acid (AA) equivalent antioxidant capacity (AEAC) value (239.50 mg AA eq/g) was obtained in the watermelon heat treated at 150$^{\circ}C$ for 2 hr (control = 18.35 mg AA eq/g).