• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2019

The purpose of this review paper is to briefly describe main the features of novel procedures developed by the National of Standards and Technology (NIST) for the design of tall buildings. Topics considered in the paper include: the division of tasks between wind and structural engineers; the determination of wind effects with specified mean recurrence intervals by accounting for wind directionality; the risk-consistent design of structures subjected to multiple wind hazards; iterative dynamic analyses and member sizing, including the use of modern optimization approaches; and commonalities of and differences between Database-assisted Design (DAD) and Equivalent Static Wind Loads procedures. An example of the application of the DAD procedure is presented for a reinforced concrete structure. Also included in the paper is an introduction to ongoing research on the estimation of wind load factors or of augmented design mean recurrence intervals commensurate with the uncertainties in the factors that determine the wind effects.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제17권5호통권78호
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• pp.537-547
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• 2005

본 논문은 아치리브와 보강거더를 두 개의 내부아치로 연결하는 새로운 아치구조 형식인 다중아치의 이동하중에 대한 구조적 효율성을 검토하기 위하여 정적거동 및 동적거동을 일반아치와 비교 분석하였다. 내부아치에 의한 구조물의 동적거동에 대한 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 고유진동모드와 고유진동수를 검토하였으며, 열차하중을 다수의 집중하중으로 구성된 연행하중으로 이상화하여 정적 및 동적 거동을 분석하였다. 검토 결과, 첫째 다중아치는 보강거더와 아치리브를 연결하는 내부아치에 의한 구조물의 질량 증가 보다 강성의 증가가 크기 때문에 일반아치보다 보강거더의 단면을 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 둘째 이동하중에 대하여 다중아치가 일반아치보다 동적거동이 대체적으로 안정적으로 나타나기 때문에 이동하중에 대한 구조물의 동적안정성 확보에 유리할 것으로 사료된다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2000

This paper proposes a simple numerical model for use in a finite analysis (FEA) of scaffold-shoring systems. The structural model consists of a single set of multiple-story scaffolds with constraints in the out-of-plane direction at every connection joint between stories. Although this model has only two dimensions (termed the 2-D model), it is derived from the analysis of a complete scaffold-shoring system and represents the structural behavior of a complete three-dimensional system. Experimental testing of scaffolds up to three stories in height conducted in the laboratory, along with an outdoor test of a five-story scaffold system, were used to validate the 2-D model. Both failure modes and critical loads were compared. In the comparison of failure modes, the computational results agree very well with the test results. However, in the comparison of critical loads, computational results were consistently somewhat greater than test results. The decreasing trends of critical loads with number of stories in both the test and simulation results were similar. After investigations to explain the differences between the computationally and experimentally determined critical loads, it was recommended that the 2-D model be used as the numerical model in subsequent analysis. In addition, the computational critical loads were calibrated and revised in accordance with the experimental critical loads, and the revised critical loads were then used as load-carrying capacities for scaffold-shoring systems for any number of stories. Finally, a simple procedure is suggested for determining load-carrying capacities of scaffold-shoring systems of heights other than those considered in this study.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.219-237
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• 2011

This paper presents novel research into the source localization of multiple impacts. Source localization technology for single impact loads in a plate structure has been used for health monitoring. Most of research on source localization has been focused only on the localization of single impacts. Overlapping of dispersive waves induced by multiple impacts and reflection of those waves from the edge of the plate make it difficult to localize the sources of multiple impacts using traditional source localization technology. The method solving the overlapping problem and the reflection problem is presented in the paper. The suggested method is based on pre-signal processing technology using band pass filter and optimal filter. Results from numerical simulation and from experimentation are presented, and these verify the capability of the proposed method.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2005

This paper is to analyze the travel distance and the transport size of the vehicle when the AGV carries multiple-load in the tandem automated guided vehicle systems. The size of multiple-load represents the number of load that the AGV can carry simultaneously. The AGV can carry simultaneously multiple-load that load types are different. The transport system of the manufacturing system is a tandem configuration automated guided vehicle system, which is based on the partitioning of all the stations into several non-overlapping single closed loops. Each loop divided has only one vehicle traveling unidirectionally around it. The AGV of each loop has to have sufficient transport capacity that can carry all loads for given unit time. In this paper, the average loaded travel distance and the size of feasible multiple-load of the vehicle are analyzed. A numerical example is shown.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.493-506
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• 2017

Wind-induced response behavior of long-span roof structures is very complicated, showing significant contributions of multiple vibration modes. The largest load effects in a huge number of members should be considered for the sake of the equivalent static wind loads (ESWLs). Studies on essential matters and necessary conditions of the universal ESWLs are discussed. An efficient method for universal ESWLs on long-span roof structures is proposed. The generalized resuming forces including both the external wind loads and inertial forces are defined. Then, the universal ESWLs are given by a combination of eigenmodes calculated by proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis. Firstly, the least squares method is applied to a matrix of eigenmodes by using the influence function. Then, the universal ESWLs distribution is obtained which reproduces the largest load effects simultaneously. Secondly, by choosing the eigenmodes of generalized resuming forces as the basic loading distribution vectors, this method becomes efficient. Meanwhile, by using the constraint equations, the universal ESWLs becomes reasonable. Finally, reproduced largest load effects by load-response-correlation (LRC) ESWLs and universal ESWLs are compared with the actual largest load effects obtained by the time domain response analysis for a long-span roof structure. The results demonstrate the feasibility and usefulness of the proposed universal ESWLs method.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1256-1261
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• 2004

Nonlinear Response Optimization using Equivalent Static Loads (NROESL) method/algorithm is proposed to perform optimization of non-linear response structures. It is more expensive to carry out nonlinear response optimization than linear response optimization. The conventional method spends most of the total design time on nonlinear analysis. Thus, the NROESL algorithm makes the equivalent static load cases for each response and repeatedly performs linear response optimization and uses them as multiple loading conditions. The equivalent static loads are defined as the loads in the linear analysis, which generates the same response field as those in non-linear analysis. The algorithm is validated for the convergence and the optimality. The function satisfies the descent condition at each cycle and the NROESL algorithm converges. It is mathematically validated that the solution of the algorithm satisfies the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker necessary condition of the original nonlinear response optimization problem. The NROESL algorithm is applied to two structural problems. Conventional optimization with sensitivity analysis using the finite difference method is also applied to the same examples. The results of the optimizations are compared. The proposed method is very efficient and derives good solutions.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.619-627
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• 2014

본 논문은 등가정하중을 이용하여 제어시스템을 포함한 구조물의 설계를 위한 최적화 방법을 제안한다. 지난 연구는 구조물과 제어시스템 최적설계를 독립적으로 분리하여 수행하였고, 구조물과 제어시스템을 동시에 최적화하여도 제어시스템의 제어변수는 정상상태에서만 최적화하여 성능을 향상시켰다. 하지만 제어변수는 모든 시간영역에서 최적화해야 한다. 즉, 제어시스템의 해석은 과도상태에서 수행해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 등가정하중을 이용하여 제어변수를 포함하는 제어시스템 구조물의 최적설계를 위한 방법을 제시하였다. 등가정하중은 동적하중이 구조물에 작용할 때 발생하는 임의 시간에서의 변위장과 동일한 변위장을 만들어내는 정하중을 의미한다. 이렇게 계산된 등가정하중을 이용하여 설계영역에서 선형정적응답 최적설계를 진행한다. 몇 가지 예제를 통해 새로운 등가정하중을 적용한 동적응답 최적설계방법의 유용성을 확인하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2002

일반적으로 응답스펙트럼 해석법은 건물의 지진해석에 널리 사용되고 있지만 기계하중이나 이동하중 등에 의하여 발생하는 진동에 대한 해석에는 시간이력해석이 주로 사용되고 있다. 그런데, 시간이력해석법은 정확한 반면 매우 복잡하고 어려우며 많은 시간을 필요로 한다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 동적하중을 받는 구조물의 최대응답을 응답스펙트럼해석법을 이용하여 간편하게 계산하는 방법을 제시하고자 한다. 우선, 이 해석법의 해석과정에 대하여 알아보았으며, 복수절점에 동적 하중을 받는 경우에 대해서 해석시간 및 메모리를 줄이는 방법을 제시하였다. 다음으로는 이동하중을 받는 경우에 대하여 구조물의 최대응답을 구하는 방법에 대하여 알아보았다. 마지막으로 예제를 통하여 시간이력해석을 수행하여 얻은 최대응답과 응답스펙트럼해석에 의한 최대응답을 비교하여 제시한 해석법의 정확성을 확인하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권9호
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• pp.1186-1191
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• 2014

Weekly and monthly electric load forecasting are essential for the generator maintenance plan and the systematic operation of the electric power reserve. This paper proposes the weekly maximum electric load forecasting model for 104 weeks with the multiple regression model. Input variables of the multiple regression model are temperatures and GDP that are highly correlated with electric loads. The weekly variable is added as input variable to improve the accuracy of electric load forecasting. Test results show that the proposed algorithm improves the accuracy of electric load forecasting over the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model. We expect that the proposed algorithm can contribute to the systematic operation of the power system by improving the accuracy of the electric load forecasting.