• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.996-1002
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• 1988

A clinical analysis was performed on 115 cases of -patent ductus arteriosus treated surgically during the period of 11 years from Aug. 1977 to Jul. 1988. at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital. Among 115 cases, male was 38 and female was 77 and ages ranged 12 days to 27 years old with the average of 8 7/12 years. The major clinical symptoms on admission were frequent URI attack[77.4%], dyspnea on exertion[32.2%] and palpitation[13%]. On auscultation, continuous machinery murmurs were detected in 97 cases[84.3%] and loud systolic murmurs were detected in 18 cases[15.7%]. Preoperative electrocardiographic findings were as follows: LVH 59[51.3%], RVH 12[10.4%], BVH 16[13.9%] and WNL 28[24.3%]. Radiologically, there were increased pulmonary vascularity in 104[90.4%] and cardiomegaly 62[53.9%]. Cardiac catheterization were performed in 101 cases and mean systolic pulmonary arterial pressure was 49.84*29.7mmHg and mean Qp/Qs was 2.95k1.8. Methods of operation were multiple ligation in 96, division in 11 and transpulmonary arterial repair using cardiopulmonary bypass in 8. Complication were recannalization in 2, temporary hoarseness due to left recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis in 3 and respiratory distress in 1 and overall mortality rate was 1.7%[2 cases].

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.400-404
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• 2014

Objective : Clip artifacts limit the visualization of intracranial structures in CT scans from patients after aneurysmal clipping with cobalt alloy clips. This study is to analyze the parameters influencing the degree of clip artifacts. Methods : Postoperative CT scans of 60 patients with straight cobalt alloy-clipped aneurysms were analyzed for the maximal diameter of white artifacts and the angle and number of streak artifacts in axial images, and the maximal diameter of artifacts in three-dimensional (3-D) volume-rendered images. The correlation coefficient (CC) was determined between each clip artifact type and the clip blade length and clip orientation to the CT scan (angle a, lateral clip inclination in axial images; angle b, clip gradient to scan plane in lateral scout images). Results : Angle b correlated negatively with white artifacts (r=-0.589, p<0.001) and positively with the angle (r=0.636, p<0.001) and number (r=0.505, p<0.001) of streak artifacts. Artifacts in 3-D images correlated with clip blade length (r=0.454, p=0.004). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that angle b was the major parameter influencing white artifacts and the angle and number of streak artifacts in axial images (p<0.001), whereas clip blade length was a major factor in 3-D images (p=0.034). Conclusion : Use of a clip orientation perpendicular to the scan gantry angle decreased the amount of white artifacts and allowed better visualization of the clip site.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 1995

From January 1985 to December 1992, of 1257 patients who underwent a heart valve replacement 210 [16.8% underwent reoperation on prosthetic heart valves, and 6 of them had a second valve reoperation. The indications for reoperation were structural deterioration [176 cases, 81.5% , prosthetic valve endocarditis [25 cases, 11.6% , paravalvular leak [12 cases, 5.6% , valve thrombosis [2 cases, 0.9% and ascending aortic aneurysm [1 case, 0.4% . Prosthetic valve failure developed most frequently in mitral position [57.9% and prosthetic valve endocarditis and paravalvular leak developed significantly in the aortic valve [40%, 75% [P<0.02 . Mean intervals between the primary valve operation and reoperation were 105.3$\pm$28.4 months in the case of prosthetic valve failure, 61.5$\pm$38.5 months in prosthetic valve endocarditis, 26.8$\pm$31.2 months in paravalvualr leak, and 25.0$\pm$7.0 months in valve thrombosis. In bioprostheses, the intervals were in 102.0$\pm$23.9 months in the aortic valve, and 103.6$\pm$30.8 months in the mitral valve. The overall hospital mortality rate was 7.9% [17/26 : 15% in aortic valve reoperation [6/40 , 6.5% in reoperation on the mitral prostheses [9/135 and 5.7% in multiple valve replacement [2.35 . Low cardiac output syndrome was the most common cause of death [70.6% . Advanced New York Heart Association class [P=0.00298 , explant period [P=0.0031 , aortic cross-clamp time [P=0.0070 , prosthetic valve endocarditis [P=0.0101 , paravalvularr leak [P=0.0096 , and second reoperation [P=0.00036 were the independent risk factors, but age, sex, valve position and multiple valve replacement did not have any influence on operative mortality. Mean follow up period was 38.6$\pm$24.5 months and total patient follow up period was 633.3 patient year. Actuarial survival at 8 year was 97.3$\pm$3.0% and 5 year event-free survival was 80.0$\pm$13.7%. The surgical risk of reoperation on heart valve prostheses in the advanced NYHA class patients is higher, so reoperation before severe hemodynamic impairment occurs is recommended.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.267-273
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• 1996

저자들은 최근 다발성 폐동맥 폐쇄를 동반한 Takayasu 동맥염 1예을 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권5호
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• pp.551-560
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• 2019

Objective : Intracranial aneurysms are not common in young age patients. We sought to find the characteristics of the intracranial aneurysms in patients under 20 years of age. Methods : We reviewed 23 consecutive patients ${\leq}20$ years of age treated for their intracranial aneurysms during the period from 1995 to 2017. From medical records and imaging studies, we gathered data on age, sex, presentation, associated medical condition, location and characteristics of aneurysms, treatment and clinical outcomes. Results : The patients' ages ranged from 13 months to 20 years (median, 14 years). There were 16 males and seven females (male to female ratio, 2.3 : 1) with 31 aneurysms. Clinical presentations included sudden severe headache in 61%, followed by altered mentality in 17% and seizure in 17%. More than one-fourth patients had specific medical conditions related to the development of the cerebral aneurysms. The majority of aneurysms occurred in the anterior circulation (71%), and were saccular (71%). There were each three patients with false aneurysms (13%) and giant aneurysms (13%), and only one patient with multiple aneurysms (4%). We treated 22 patients : 21 aneurysms with the endovascular methods, three with open surgery, and one with combined treatment. Good functional outcome could be achieved in 86% during the follow-up period. Conclusion : In this series, the young-age patients with intracranial aneurysms were characterized by male predominance, related specific medical conditions, low incidence of multiple aneurysms, high incidence of giant aneurysms and good functional outcome after treatment.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2021

Purpose: This study investigated the clinical outcomes of trauma patients with blunt thoracic aortic injuries at a single institution. Methods: During the study period, 9,501 patients with traumatic aortic injuries presented to Trauma Center of Gil Medical Center. Among them, 1,594 patients had severe trauma, with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of >15. Demographics, physiological data, injury mechanism, hemodynamic parameters associated with the thoracic injury according to chest computed tomography (CT) findings, the timing of the intervention, and clinical outcomes were reviewed. Results: Twenty-eight patients had blunt aortic injuries (75% male, mean age, 45.9±16.3 years). The majority (82.1%, n=23/28) of these patients were involved in traffic accidents. The median ISS was 35.0 (interquartile range 21.0-41.0). The injuries were found in the ascending aorta (n=1, 3.6%) aortic arch (n=8, 28.6%) aortic isthmus (n=18, 64.3%), and descending aorta (n=1, 3.6%). The severity of aortic injuries on chest CT was categorized as intramural hematoma (n=1, 3.6%), dissection (n=3, 10.7%), transection (n=9, 32.2%), pseudoaneurysm (n=12, 42.8%), and rupture (n=3, 10.7%). Endovascular repair was performed in 71.4% of patients (45% within 24 hours), and two patients received surgical management. The mortality rate was 25% (n=7). Conclusions: Traumatic thoracic aortic injuries are life-threatening. In our experience, however, if there is no rupture and extravasation from an aortic injury, resuscitation and stabilization of vital signs are more important than an intervention for an aortic injury in patients with multiple traumas. Further study is required to optimize the timing of the intervention and explore management strategies for blunt thoracic aortic injuries in severe trauma patients needing resuscitation.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.70-79
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• 2005

Background: Abdominal compartment syndrome has multiple etiologies that are not only related to trauma but also any problem condition in the absence of abdominal injury. To determine whether prevention of the abdominal compartment syndrome after celiotomy for trauma victims justifies the use of temporary abdominal coverage with monofilament knitted polypropylene mesh (Malex mesh) in severely injured patients. Method: Medical records at the Ajou University Medical Center were reviewed for a 32-month period from May 1st, 2002 to December 31st, 2004. Twenty-nine consecutive patients requiring celiotomy who were survived until at the end of celiotomy received temporary abdominal coverage and staged abdominal repairs with Malex mesh. One of them was dissecting aortic aneurysm patient and the others were all trauma victims. Malex mesh prosthesis coverage was used in cases of abdominal compartment syndrome due to excessive fascial tension, severe bowel edema and retroperitoneal hemorrhage or edema followed by staged abdominal repairs. Result: Eighteen of twenty-nine patients were survived. Demographic characteristics, injury severity number of abdominal-pelvic bone injuries, mortality rate, complications, number of operations for permanent closure, required time for permanent closure showed no difference between man and women or child and adult. Except one dissecting aortic aneurysm patient, trauma cases showed $3.24{\pm}0.98$ injury sites. All cases that received temporary abdominal coverage and staged abdominal repairs did not show abdominal compartment syndrome. $10.08{\pm}5.85$ days and $2.27{\pm}0.82$ times of operation required making permanent abdominal closure after temporary abdominal coverage followed by staged abdominal repairs. Most of surviving patients have shown antibiotic-resistant organism and fungus infection. Patients who received permanent closure recovered from infectious problem completely. Conclusion: The use of Malex mesh for temporary abdominal coverage in severely injured patients undergoing celiotomy was effective treatment method.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.604-610
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• 2001

배경: Stanford 제A형(type A) 대동맥 박리증은 상행대동맥이나 대동맥궁의 인조혈관 치환 수술 후에도 남은 대동맥의 가강이 확장되거나 파열의 가능성이 있기 때문에 철저한 추적관리가 필요하다. 연세대학교 세브란스병원에서는 1984년 6월부터 2000년 3월까지 Stanford 제A형의 대동맥박리 수술이 124예 있었다. 수술 후 가강의 확장이나 파열로 재수술한 6예에서 Marfan 증후군과의 관련성 등 원인을 조사하고 재수술의 방법과 결과, 재수술의 위험을 줄일 수 있는 방법 등을 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 처음 대동맥 박리로 수술시급성인 경우가 4예 만성이 2예였으며 이중 3예가 Marfan 증후군이였다. 1예를 제외한 모든 환자에서 상행대동맥내에 내막파열이 있어 대동맥판막의 폐쇄부전의 정도에 따라 상행대동맥 인조혈관 치한수술(2례) 또는 Bentall 수술을 시행하였으며(3례) 1예는 여러 개의 가강과의 연결부위가 있는 만성 박리 환자로 Bentall 수술과 더불어 대동맥궁까지 인조혈관으로 치환을 하였다. 재수술은 평균 67.6개월(4개월-14년4개월) 후에 시행하였는데 1예는 만성 하행대동맥 박리 및 동맥류로 1예는 염증성 가성동맥류로 나머지 4예는 급성대동맥 박리로 재수술을 시행하였다. 수술은 하행흉부대동맥만을 치환한 경우가 1예, Hemiarch로 시행한 경우가 1예 그리고 나머지 4예는 원위부 상행대동맥에서 대동맥궁을 포함하여 근위부 또는 중간부위의 하행 흉부대동맥까지 인조혈관으로 치환하였다. 결과: 전체 124예 중 Marfan 증후군이 동반된 경우는 18예였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1212-1217
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• 1996

경북대학교병원 흉부외과에서는 1993년 12월부터 1995년 5월까지 14례(남자 9명, 여자 5명)의 상행대동맥 및 대동맥궁질환을 수술하였으며, 환자들의 나이는 25세 에서 65세로 평균 50.4세였다. 진단은 급성 대동맥 박리가 6례(43%)로 4례는 파열이 되었으며, 상행 대동맥류가 4례(29%)로 1례에서 대동맥궁까지 확장되어 있었고 3례에서 파열이 되었으며, 대동맥 판륜확장이 3례(21%)로 1례에서 파열이 동반되었고, 대동맥궁류가 1례(7%)였다. 전례에서 심초음파와 컴퓨터 단층촬영을 시행하였으며, 혈관촬영은 2례에서 시행하였다. 수술의 적응은 파열 5례, 급성 대동맥 박리 5례, 심한 울혈성 심부전 2례, 진행성의 대동맥판막 폐쇄부전 1례 및 동맥류가 커서 파열의 위험성이 있는 경우 1례였다. 수술은 10례(71%)에서 응급으로 시행하였다. Cabrol 수술 6례, 대동맥궁 치환을 겸한 Cabrol 수술 1례, 변형된 Bentall수술 1례, 상행 대동맥 치환 4례, 대동맥궁 치환 1례 및 대동맥궁 치환을 겸한 상행 대동맥 치환의 경우가 1례였다. 술후 합병증으로는 순환정지를 62분 시행한 환자가 경련을 보였고, 심방세동이 2례, 흉골 열개가 1례 그리고 종격동염이 1례 있었다. 술후 조기사망은 2례(14%)에서 있었으며 각각 과다 출혈과 다발성 장기부전이 원인이었다. 심실 부정맥으로 인한 만기사망이 1례(7%)에서 있었다. 11명의 생존 환자들의 추적관찰기간은 2개월에서 20개월로 전례에서 경과는 양호하였다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.763-773
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• 1996

연구배경: Behçet 증후군은 전신적인 장기에 혈관염에 의한 다양한 병변을 일으키는 원인미상의 질환이다. Behçet 증후군에서 폐침범은 약 5%에서 발생하고, 주로 폐동맥염에 의한 폐동맥류, 혈전증, 폐출혈 등으로 나타나며, 이는 예후에 영향을 미치는 중요한 인자가 된다. 이에 저자 등은 Behçet 증후군 환자에서 폐침범의 유병율, 임상적 소견, 방사선 소견, 치료경과 및 예후 등에 관한 전반적인 고찰을 시행해 보고자 한다. 방법: 1986년부터 1995년까지 본원에 입원한 Behçet 증후군 환자 총 487예중 폐침범의 소견을 보인 10예를 대상으로 하였으며, 폐침범의 진단은 중상 및 이학적 소견을 토대로 하여 단순 흉부방사선, 흉부 전산화단층촬영, 폐환기-관류주사 및 폐동맥조영술 등에 의거하였다. 결과: 1) 전체 Behçet 증후군 환자에서 폐침범의 유병률은 2%(10/487) 였다. 평균연령은 34세, 남녀비는 8 : 2 였다. 객혈은 5 예에서 나타났고, 이중 대량객혈은 2예에서 관찰되었다. 다른 호흡기 증상으로는 기침이 6예, 호홉곤란이 4예, 흉통이 2예에서 나타났다. 구강궤양은 전예, 외음부궤양은 9예, 피부병변은 7예, 안병변은 6예에서 나타났다. 2) 검사실 소견상 특이한 것은 없었고, 단순 흉부방사선 소견상 다발성 경화가 6예, 원형 결절 또는 종괴양 음영이 4예에서 발견되었고 2 예는 정상소견이었다. 흉부 전산화단층촬영은 8예에서 시행하였는데 이중 6예에서 다발성 경화의 소견을 보였고, 4예에서 폐동맥류를 관찰할 수 있었다. 폐관류 또는 환기-관류주사는 8예에서 시행하여 7예에서 다발성 결손 및 불일치를 보였고, 특히 정상 흉부 단순방사선소견을 보인 2 예에서 다발성 환기-관류 불일치의 소견을 보였다. 폐동맥조영술은 3예에서 시행하여, 2예에서 폐동맥류를 관찰할 수 있었다. 3) 치료는 colchicine, 스테로이드, cyclophosphamide, 항응고제 등을 사용하였고, 1예에서 폐동맥류의 절제술을 시행하였다. 4) 10예 중 9예를 추적관찰한 결과, 3예가 호전되어 외래 경과관찰 중이며, 2예는 악화되어 가료중이고, 4예가 대량객혈, 대량 폐색 전증 및 패혈증 등으로 사망하였다. 결론: Behçet 증후군의 폐침범은 주로 혈관염에 의한 출혈, 동맥류의 형성, 및 혈전증 등으로 나타나며, 그 발병율은 낮지만 대량객혈 및 호흡부전증 등을 초래하여, 질환의 경과를 악화시키고 사망을 초래할 수 있는 주원인이 되므로, 이의 조기진단이 필요하며 적극적인 치료로서 예후의 향상을 기대할 수 있을 것이다.