• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.292-297
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• 2014

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) is a rare autosomal genetic disease caused by a PTCH mutation. The disease is characterized by multiple basal cell carcinomas of the skin, multiple keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) in the jaw, palmar and/or plantar pits, bifid ribs, ectopic calcification of the falx cerebri, and skeletal abnormalities. Early diagnosis is difficult in many cases because there may be a number of systemic symptoms. The purpose of this study is to report the case of a 12-year-old girl who was hospitalized with multiple KCOTs that occurred in the upper and lower jaws. Through characteristic clinical symptoms and radiologic findings, she was finally diagnosed as having NBCCS. This study also aims to organize the symptoms often observed in Korea using previously published case reports to provide useful information for the early diagnosis of NBCCS.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.400-408
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• 2014

Objectives The aim of this study was to report the improvement of delirium and performance status in the small-cell lung cancer patient who had multiple brain metastases and pericardial effusion after Sasang constitutional treatment. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records, medical laboratory and image scans of 71-year-old male patient diagnosed as small-cell lung cancer. Results The small-cell lung cancer with multiple brain metastases patient sometimes talked deliriously even after the whole brain radiation therapy. During the hospitalization period, he showed delirium. We treated him with Gihwangbaekho-tang and Dojeokgangki-tang as a main therapy. After treatment, he didn't show delirium and performance status was improved. Conclusions A small-cell lung cancer with multiple brain metastases patient showed the improvement of symptoms (delirium, poor performance status, constipation and poor oral intake) with the treatment of Gihwangbaekho-tang, Yanggyuksanhwa-tang and Dojeokgangki-tang.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 2005

This paper discusses how to effectively design a next-generation wireless communication system that can possibly provide very high data-rate transmissions and versatile quality services. In order to accommodate the sophisticated user requirements and diversified user environments of the next-generation systems, it should be designed to take an efficient and flexible structure for multiple access and resource allocation. In addition, the design should be optimized for cost-effective usage of resources and for efficient operation in a multi-cell environment. As orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) has turned out in recent researches to be one of the most promising multiple access techniques that can possibly meet all those requirements through efficient radio spectrum utilization, we take OFDMA as the basic framework in the next-generation wireless communications system design. So, in this paper, we focus on introducing an OFDMA-based downlink system design that employs the techniques of hybrid multiple access (HMA) and frequency group (FG) in conjunction with intra-frequency group averaging (IFGA). The HMA technique combines various multiple access schemes on the basis of OFDMA system, adopting the multiple access scheme that best fits to the given user condition in terms of mobility, service, and environment. The FG concept and IFGA technique help to reduce the feedback overhead of OFDMA system and the other-cell interference (OCI) problem by grouping the sub-carriers based on coherence band-widths and by harmonizing the channel condition and OCI of the grouped sub-carriers.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.7 s.361
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• pp.47-52
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• 2007

This paper analyzes the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) multicarrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) system with minium mean square error receivers in multi-cell environments. A previous work in single cell environments is extended into analysis in multi-cell environments. The use of Haar unitary code matrix for asymptotic analysis causes other cell interferences expressed with a diagonal matrix haying different diagonal values. This paper shows that other cell interferences converge to an identity matrix whose gain is expressed by only other cell interference power in mean square sense and finds asymptotic deterministic SINRs for a given other cell interference. Under the assumption that the sum of lognormal fading components is distributed by other lognormal function, we show the comparison between theoretical performances and simulations from the view point of bit error rate and present average throughput performance according to the cell radius.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.26-29
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• 2015

A 73-year-old male visited our hospital with a complaint of general weakness. He underwent pyloric preserving pancreas-toduodenectomy due to ampullary cancer three years ago. Abdominal computed tomography scan at initial visit revealed multiple hepatic masses. A PET-CT scan showed multiple FDG uptakes at whole liver. He underwent hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) for five cycles. During the first cycle of HAIC, he developed gastric ulcer bleeding and endoscopic hemostasis was done successfully. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy after the 5^th cycle of HAIC revealed ulcer scar at gastric angle. PET-CT scan at 12 months showed no FDG uptake at liver, but a focal FDG uptakes at stomach and peri-gastric lymph nodes were newly developed. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed about 3 cm sized mass at gastric angle. He underwent surgery and pathologic examination revealed large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. We report a case of gastric large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with liver metastasis treated with HAIC followed by surgery.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.559-570
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• 2024

The literature pertaining to surveillance following treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was reviewed and summarized, encompassing the current status and future perspectives. Analysis of the standardized mortality and incidence ratios for these cancers indicates an elevated risk of cancer in the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and lungs among patients with esophageal SCC compared to the general population. To enhance the efficacy of surveillance for these metachronous cancers, risk stratification is needed. Various factors, including multiple Lugol-voiding lesions, multiple foci of dilated vascular areas, young age, and high mean corpuscular volume, have been identified as predictors of metachronous SCCs. Current practice involves stratifying the risk of metachronous esophageal and head/neck SCCs based on the presence of multiple Lugol-voiding lesions. Endoscopic surveillance, scheduled 6-12 months post-endoscopic resection, has demonstrated effectiveness, with over 90% of metachronous esophageal SCCs treatable through minimally invasive modalities. Narrow-band imaging emerges as the preferred surveillance method for esophageal and head/neck SCC based on comparative studies of various imaging techniques. Innovative approaches, such as artificial intelligence-assisted detection systems and radiofrequency ablation of high-risk background mucosa, may improve outcomes in patients following endoscopic resection.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.212-216
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• 1999

Renal cell carcinoma is the third most common metastatic tumor to the bone and soft tissues of the head and neck. The common sites of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in head and neck region are nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, oral mucosa, gingiva, tongue, palate, lip as the favored site. The present paper deals with one patient with metachronous oral tongue, nasal cavity and suspicious brain metastases after 2 years of renal cell carcinoma nephrectomy. Also, the patient had history of total thyroidectomy for thyroid follicular carcinoma. Total excision of nasal cavity and tongue mass were performed. Therapeutic aspects are briefly reviewed in literature.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07b
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• pp.1149-1150
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• 2006

This paper describes the development of software platform of embedded controller for Fuel Cell System. The fuel cell system is complex which needs an embedded controller to execute multiple tasks. The software organized by modualarization and layered architecture can perform complicated control algorithms. By development of the software platform with architectural software, the fuel cell system's embedded controller has a reusability and a scalability. And the developed software platform guarantees a execution of multiple tasks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.240-240
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• 2010

A multiple alloy metal nano-dots memory using FN tunneling was investigated in order to confirm its structural possibility for future flash memory. In this work, a multiple FePt nano-dots device with a high work function (~5.2 eV) and extremely high dot density (${\sim}\;1.2{\times}10^{13}/cm^2$) was fabricated. Its structural effect for multiple layers was evaluated and compared to one with a single layer in terms of the cell characteristics and reliability. We confirm that MOS capacitor structures with 2-4 multiple FePt nano-dot layers provide a larger threshold voltage window and better retention characteristics. Furthermore, it was also revealed that several process parameters for block oxide and inter-tunnel oxide between the nano-dot layers are very important to improve the efficiency of electron injection into multiple nano-dots. From these results, it is expected that a multiple FePt nano-dots memory using Fowler-Nordheim (FN)-tunneling could be a candidate structure for future flash memory.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.383-386
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• 2012

Background: Cancer survivors are at increased risk of second cancers. Lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) are common neoplasms that are primary or subsequent cancers in cases of multiple primary cancer. We here analyzed metachronous or synchronous LPD in multiple primary cancers. Methods: Between 2001 and 2010, LPD were assessed retrospectively in 242 multiple primary cancers patients. Results: Forty nine (20.2%) patients with LPD were detected. Six patients had two LPD where one patient had three LPD. The median age of patients was 60.5 years (range: 28-81). LPD were diagnosed in 29 patients as primary cancer, in 23 patients as second cancer, and in three patients as third cancer in multiple primary cancers. Primary tumor median age was 56 (range: 20-79). Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (n=16), breast cancer (n=9), and lung cancer (n=6) were detected as subsequent cancers. Alklylating agents were used in 19 patients (43.2%) and 20 patients (45.5%) had received radiotherapy for primary cancer treatment. The median follow-up was 70 months (range: 7-284). Second malignancies were detected after a median of 51 months (range: 7-278), and third malignancies with a median of 18 months (range: 6-72). Conclusions: In this study, although breast and lung cancer were the most frequent detected solid cancers in LPD survivors, diffuse large B cell lymphoma was the most frequent detected LPD in multiple primary cancers.