• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.85-99
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• 2004

Recently MNC's(multinational companies) Worldwide have been expanding their own territories in the wake of acceleration and open-door policy of global competition. So, In this study, the main goal is conduct an empirical research for MNC's contingency factors and entry modes. Through examining elements of success and limitations of foreign companies in the domestic market, a resulting purpose can be suggested such as developing attractive foreign investment policy. The results in this study are as below.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.201-222
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• 2013

The purpose of the present study is to analyze how and to what degree multinational companies organize and operate their supply chains in accordance with the strategic resource of knowledge in their multinational management, and what kind of influence knowledge oriented global supply chain management has on the management performance of multinational corporations. For this purpose, the current research proposed a measurement model to provide specific shape to the concept of knowledge oriented global supply chain management by adopting the knowledge creation process proposed by Nonaka (1994), and conducted an empirical analysis of what kind of impact the knowledge management system and the knowledge creation process of companies have on the performance of their global supply chain management. The result of the empirical analysis of 113 multinational companies verified the validity and reliability of the measurement model proposed in this study. In addition, the comparative study of the sampled companies by grouping them according to the level of knowledge orientation in global supply chain management indicated that the enterprises that effectively manage the knowledge created within the global supply chain presented overall superiority on the performance of global supply chain management.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.49-60
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• 2016

Purpose - This paper presents how Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) operate in different tax jurisdiction could decide on its transfer pricing strategy as the optimal solution to increase their global after tax income through transfer pricing and solve their related transfer pricing issues related to distribution cost, consumer, and wholesale vendor. It has been strategy issues for an MNEs to locate its tax basis of wholesale vendor and buyer in a jurisdiction where effective rather low Research design, data, and methodology - The collection of information and data for this research project gathered from various sources of secondary data. The findings of these relevant research topic article and journal were the main source of references for this research project Results - The achievement of management's operational and financial objectives depends on transfer pricing policies availability that is consistent and supports both vendor, wholesaler, distributor and ensuring sufficient documentation and data is available to support the application and arriving at the arm length. Conclusions - The study concluded with an emphasis on the importance of web-designed information about international taxation rules and transfer pricing policy and pricing agreement among wholesale vendor and whole buyer around the world.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.357-381
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of consumer's preferences for foreign products and extrinsic cues such as brand, country of origin, and corporate reputation on the consumer's evaluation which includes the construct of perceived quality, and loyalty. In addition, this paper is aimed to provide Korean firms insights in strategic approaches about foreign consumers behavior. A conceptual model is developed and empirically tested against a sample of university students in Korea, who have buying experience of products from multinational firms. 290 samples were used for this analysis. Results of multiple regression analysis using SPSS 18.0 show that consumer's preferences for foreign products, brand awareness, and corporate reputation have a significant effect on the perceived quality of the product from multinational firms. The most important factor to influence the perceived quality was found to be a corporate reputation. But country of origin had not significant effect. Also it is found that both product and product related service quality are positive and statistically significant in explaining the customer's loyalty. Implications for increasing perceived quality and customer's loyalty for Korean products in the global market are discussed.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 2010

Many firms are trying to acquire innovative technologies and relative knowledge by offshoring R&D work. Although research to date has focused on the multinational corporations' motivations of R&D offshoring, such as cost reduction and market expansion, little is known about external or environmental factors influencing the performance of global R&D activities. We investigated the relationship between the offshore R&D performance and the technical capabilities of the parent company, the host country and the home country as enhancers from outside R&D facilities. The analysis uses European patent data and EU R&D scoreboard of 134 overseas R&D labs from 46 multinational corporations in 2005. Also, we calculated total patent number of each country for this. Results from path analysis supported our main hypothesis that the technological capabilities of the parent company and the host country positively affect the overseas R&D performances. By multi-group analysis, we also found that the relationships among the variables are different for each industry.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.46
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• pp.351-380
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• 2010

Multinational Enterprises set the prices for transactions between affiliates based principally on their global interest. But the customs authority in Korea wants to set the arm's length price as high as possible to get higher dutiable value for customs purpose, while the internal tax authority in Korea prefers lower arm's length price to get higher value for corporation tax purpose by cutting costs. Problem caused by the inconsistent valuation methods on the same imported goods of the two tax authorities is the single most important tax issue facing multinational enterprises. In the meantime, the customs authority in Korea has thought that it is a universal trend worldwide for the Customs and Internal tax authorities to adopt different methods of valuation on transfer prices between related parties, so KCS couldn't accept APA prices. But the internal tax authority in Korea has taken the initiative in APA program so NTS provided taxpayer with safe-harbor. Recently, KCS created the Advance Customs Valuation Arrangement(ACVA) provisions in the 2008 revision bill of the Customs Act through benchmarking APAs program. Can APAs work for customs? Neither WCO or OECD presents any recommendation on the integration of the valuation methods, but calls for close cooperation between two authorities, which still leaves taxpayers very unstable. We will start to seek ways to integrate the customs valuation and transfer pricing in this study.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.205-215
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• 2020

The purpose of this paper is to empirically analyze the determinants of foreign subsidiary's local embeddedness because it is critically important for the subsidiary to build a variegated local network. This paper suggests that a MNC's global capability, the degree of autonomy granted by the headquarters of the multinational corporation to its foreign subsidiary, the foreign subsidiary's absorptive capacity based on local environment, and its level of localization will affect the subsidiary's local network embeddedness. The empirical analysis confirmed that when the headquarters gives the foreign subsidiary more autonomy, this has a positive effect on the local embeddedness of the foreign subsidiary and when the foreign subsidiary has a strong absorptive capacity, this has a positive correlation with the local embeddedness of the foreign subsidiary. And this paper found that when the foreign subsidiary has achieved a high level of staff localization, this foreign subsidiary will have a higher level of local embeddedness. This study identified the preceding conditions necessary for a foreign subsidiary of a multinational corporation to effectively embed itself in the local network by analyzing factors related to the multinational corporation's headquarters and subsidiaries, and thus contributes significantly to continued research on the local embeddedness of subsidiaries.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 2018

Purpose - to examine the theories related to the internationalization of multinational corporations as well as theories related to internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises. Research design, data, and methodology - traditional theories, e.g. eclectic paradigm and behavioral theory and product life cycle etc. were examined and recent advances theories - network theory, entrepreneurship - were also examined to outline the theory of internationalization of firm. Results - the main schools of international researches are divided into two; one is the economics school, the other is the behavioral school. The economics school has considered internationalization as a pattern of investment in foreign markets explained by rational economic analysis of internalization, ownership, and location advantages. Apart from the economics approach, a theory relevant to smaller firms highlights slow and incremental overseas market commitment. Recent research on the network perspective is fast emerging and it can be applied and well explained on the internationalization of smaller firms, focusing on firm behavior in the context of a network of interorganizational and inter-personal relationships Conclusions - Small medium-sized enterprises have been recently rising, however, there has still been little consolidation of literature in internationalization and most of the relevant theories have been still focusing on explaining the globalization of multinational corporations. Little studied on the internationalization in the context of smaller firms which are distinctly differentiated from larger firms including international new ventures, which the motivation to study strongly calls for more information and studied on small medium-sized enterprises.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.298-304
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• 2012

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has experienced tremendous economic and industrial growth in the petroleum, airline, maritime and construction sectors, especially since the discovery of oil reserves. Mass recruitment of low skilled or unskilled laborers from less-developed countries has been utilized to satisfy the manpower demands of these fast paced industrial developments. Such workforce recruitment has created an unusual populace demographic, with the total UAE population estimated at 8.3 million, composed of 950,000 Emiratis, with the remainder being multinational expatriate workers, with varying educational qualifications, work experience, religious beliefs, cultural practices, and native languages. These unique characteristics pose a challenge for health and safety professionals tasked with ensuring the UAE workforce adheres to specific occupational health and safety procedures. The paper discusses two case studies that employ a novel multimedia approach to raising health and safety awareness among a multinational workforce.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.64-82
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• 2019

Purpose - This study's the ultimate goal is to analyze competitiveness improvement on multinational enterprises as firstly providing which factors are to strengthen or weaken competitiveness, secondly investigating if hypotheses development and research design is correct and thirdly finding significant implications for research and practices across country specific advantage. Design/methodology - Using feedback data provided by 250 firms, we extracted variable factors and hypotheses, which were empirically carried out by reliability and validity testing, correlation analysis, path analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis to prove which factors are to make the positive effect on the improvement of overseas subsidiaries' management performance and competitiveness. Findings - Through proceeding empirical analysis study, we found out that technology management capability, knowledge management capability, and local management capability had a statistically significant effect on the improvement of overseas subsidiaries' competitiveness, while linked activity capability revealed a negative effect. Originality/value - During business globalization, overseas investments and establishment of overseas subsidiaries have been essential. It is anticipated that this study results would be meaningful for analysis on multinational enterprises' competitiveness and helpful in promoting their entry into Korean market and enhancing their competitiveness. This paper would also help Korea government develops new FDI model and induce more investment from global major companies to Korea region.