• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2017

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate how irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects fatigue scales and eating habits in children and adolescents using Rome IV criteria. Methods Questionnaires and The $PedsQL^{TM}$ Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS) have been given to 211 children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 years old who were admitted to ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ university Korean medicine hospital pediatric departments, from 29th, July, 2016 to 12th, August, 2016 to evaluate their eating habits and fatigue. Additionally, PASW statistics 18.0 were used to analyze influence of irritable bowel syndrome on eating habits and fatigue in children and adolescents by using chi-square test, independent t-test and linear regression. Results In total of 211 subjects, 29 (13.7%) were diagnosed with IBS according to the Rome IV criteria. 1. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between IBS group and non-IBS group on a specific question in the eating habit questionnaire: the amount of sugar intake and the prevalence of IBS. 2. There was a statistically significant difference in general fatigue and cognitive fatigue categories when comparing the MFS subscores according to the prevalence of IBS. Conclusions Considering patients eating habits and fatigue is a necessary process for the successful treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Korean medicine that maximizes quality of life while minimizing the potential risks to the patients of gastrointestinal disease should also include administrative interventions that may be helpful in the daily life of IBS patients.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.163-172
• /
• 2015

Objectives This study was aimed to examine the multidimensional relationship between auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) factors of psychopathology in the patients with schizophrenia. And we explored the differences between assessments to hallucination by the clinicians and patients. Methods 82 patients with schizophrenia who were assessed by the Hamilton Program for Schizophrenia Voices Questionnaire (HPSVQ), Psychotic Symptom Rating Scale-Auditory Hallucination (PSYRATS-AHS), and the PANSS were recruited. Hwang's five-factor model of PANSS, items and total scores of hallucination scales, Kim's and Haddock's factor models of hallucination were applied to examine the correlations between psychopathology and AVHs. AVH-positive patients was 50 in PANSS-HPSVQ group and 24 in PANSS-PSYRATS-AHS. These two groups were separately analyzed. Results Among the five factors of the PANSS, negative and depression/anxiety factors were correlated with the total scores of HPSVQ and PSYRATS-AHS, and positive and autistic preoccupation factors were correlated only with the total score of PSYRATS-AHS. The activation factor was correlated with none of the total scores of HPSVQ/PSYRATS-AHS. These correlation patterns of a total score of HPSVQ/PSYRATS-AHS were same in the emotional factor of HPSVQ and physical factor of PSYRATS-AHS respectively. In the items which showed significant correlations, correlation coefficients of PANSS-PSYRATS-AHS group ranged between 0.406-0.755 and those of PANSS-HPSVQ ranged between 0.283-0.420. Conclusions This study suggested that the psychopathological domains of schizophrenia were differentially correlated with AVHs and the assessment of AVHs by clinicians and patients showed substantial differences which should be integrated into the therapeutic interventions.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.111-117
• /
• 2020

Background: The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) for Dyspnea was developed to assess multidimensional dyspnea using two subscales (experience of dyspnea and functional limitation) and a total score. Objects: This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the FACIT-dyspnea 10-item short form questionnaire (FACIT-dyspnea-K). Methods: Subjects were 163 patients with cancer. Dyspnea-related scales (modified Medical Research Council scale [mMRC], European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 [EORTC QLQ-C30], Hospital Anxiety and Depression [HAD], and WHO Performance Scale) were used to validate the FACIT-dyspnea-K. Results: Internal consistency was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha values of 0.90 and 0.95 in factors 1 and 2, respectively. Convergence validity was determined by comparing the two factors and total score of the FACIT-dyspnea-K with conceptually related assessment tools measuring the physical and emotional effects of dyspnea, with which correlations ranged from 0.364 to 0.567. Criterion validity was established by significant differences in the FACIT-dyspnea-K score between groups when the patients were classified by performance status as assessed by the WHO performance scale. Furthermore, the FACIT-dyspnea-K showed notable correlations with other dyspnea scales (mMRC, EORTC QLQ-C30, and HAD) for cancer patients (r = 0.28 to 0.54). The test-retest reliability of the two factors and total score of the FACIT-dyspnea-K appeared to be excellent (Cronbach's alpha = 0.96 to 0.97). Conclusion: This study supports FACIT-dyspnea-K as a valid and reliable instrument to assess the dyspnea experience of cancer patients in clinical settings.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.43 no.5
• /
• pp.411-422
• /
• 2010

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the factors related to Korean physicians' trust in the government. Methods: We used structured questionnaires that were composed of multidimensional scales for each of the various categories. Results: The recognition levels of trust of the government by Korean physicians were not high, and they ranged from 3.6 to 4.8 for ten scales. The factors related to trust in the government were categorized into seven factors on the basis of a factor analysis. On the regression analysis, a positive relationship was found between "the individual propensity to trust" and trust in the government, while a negative relationship was found between "the recognition level regarding the government as an authoritarian power" and trust in the government. "Confidence about participation in the policy process" as internal efficacy and "belief in governmental ability and motivation toward public demand" as external efficacy also showed a strong positive relationship with trust in the government. Conclusions: From these results, we can draw the conclusion that making efforts to improve the recognition level of trust in the government among physicians is an important policy task. To increase the trust level, participation of physicians in the policy process in various ways and open communication between the physicians' associations and the government should be facilitated.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.107-115
• /
• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the subjective degree of fatigue, the degree of fatigue depending on analysis of MMPI and SDNN in middle-aged women. Data were collected from 51 patients, registered at Oriental Medicine Hospital in J-city and K-city respectively. The instrument used in this study were the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue developed by Belza(1995) and revised by Jung & Kim(1999) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI) and Standard Deviation of Normal to Normal(SDNN). The collected data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 9.0 program using frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test. The degree of fatigue in middle-aged women: the average score 30.61 out of the total score 40. Subdivision of fatigue scores: common fatigue degree 7.71, distress due to fatigue 7.67, degree of daily activity fatigue 7.43, and fatigue frequency in the previous week 7.84. The degree of fatigue according to subjective recognition was shown significant difference(t=6.707, p=.000).: group of recognition (33.58), group of ignorance (23.47). The degree of fatigue according to MMPI was shown significant difference. : In the group of recognition, scales of Hs, D, Hy, Pt were higher. The degree of fatigue according to SDNN was shown significant difference (T=-4.062, P=.000). : group of recognition (33.47ms), group of ignorance (45.70ms). The total fatigue score and scales of Hs, D, Hy in MMPI was correlated positively (r=.576; r=.466; r=.518), and total fatigue score and SDNN was correlated negatively (r=-.576). Conclusively fatigue is one of difficult problems in middle-aged women. Therefore it is necessary to develope some nursing intervention for reducing fatigue in its early stages.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 1995

Coping patterns were investigated in a sample of 126 patients with chronic low back pain by means of self-reported questionnaire. Based on the previous researches, coping pat terns were divided into the active cognitive coping, the active behavioral coping, the passive cognitive coping, and the passive behavioral coping. While all the above coping patterns were used, the passive behavioral coping was found to be used most frequently. Six subgroups were identified by cluster analytic procedure using their scores of the coping scale : active cognitive coper, general active coper, passive behavioral coper, general passive coper, multidimensional coper, and multi dimensional non-coper. Six subgroups were compared regarding locus of control, self-efficacy, pain and demographic variables. Distinct differences appeared among subgroups in internal locus of control, self-efficacy, and pain. General active coper and active cognitive coper had higher internal locus of control, higher self-efficacy, and lower pain. General passive coper and multidimensional non-coper had lower internal locus of control, lower self-efficacy, and higher pain. Passive behavioral coper had higher internal locus of control, lower self-efficacy, and higher pain. It supports the concept of learned helplessness due to prior experiences. Multi dimensional coper had higher internal, higher powerful others, and higher self-efficacy. So it corresponds to 'believer in control' group Identified by Wallston et at(1982). Unexpectedly this group also complained more pain. It could be interpreted in two ways. The more coping methods they use, the more they complain pain ; which is the result of Folkman et al (1986). Or they might be typical 'yea sayers'. These unique groups-passive behavioral coper and multidimensional coper-identified by this study supports the suggestion of Wallston et al(1982), about locus of control : individual's pattern of responses across the three scales may be more predictive than his or her scores on each of the scale seperately. The fact that passive coping was used more than active coping also suggests that self controlled active co ping is encouraged to chronic patients as well as acute patients. And it is necessary to articulate the coping scale and self-efficacy scale. It is also necessary to study the relationship of coping and adjustment by experimental design.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.47-62
• /
• 2022

Previous emotion studies revealed the two core affective dimensions of valence and arousal using affect-eliciting stimuli, such as pictures, music, and videos. Autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR), a type of stimuli that has emerged recently, produces a sense of psychological stability and calmness. We explored whether ASMR could be represented on the core affect dimensions. In this study, we used three affective types ASMR (negative, neutral, and positive) as stimuli. Auditory ASMR videos were used in Study 1, while auditory and audiovisual ASMR videos were used in Study 2. Participants were asked to rate how they felt about the ten adjectives using five-point Likert scales. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) and classification analyses were performed. The results of the MDS showed that distinctions between auditory and audiovisual ASMR videos were represented well in the valence dimension. Additionally, the results of the classification showed that affective conditions within and across individuals for within- and cross-modalities. Thus, we confirmed that the affective representations for individuals could be predicted and that the affective representations were consistent between individuals. These results suggest that ASMR videos, including other affect-eliciting videos, were also located in the core affect dimension space, supporting the core affect theory (Russell, 1980).

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.37-52
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of parent's neglectful behavior on children's irrational beliefs and their style of expressing anger. The subjects consisted of 354 5th and 6th grade elementary school children. The instruments used were the Multidimensional Neglectful Behavior Scale (Straus et al., 1995), the Irrational Belief Scales (Lee, 2004), and the Anger Expression Scale (Spielberger, Krasner, & Solomon, 1988). Data were analyzed by means of both descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression analysis using the SPSS 18.0. The result of this study indicated that there were significant correlations between parent's neglectful behavior and the irrational beliefs and style of anger expression exhibited by the children concerned. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that, the effects of children's irrational beliefs on their anger was moderated by parent's neglectful behavior. The effects of children's irrational beliefs on their anger control was also moderated by parent's neglectful behavior. In conclusion, parent's neglectful behavior has a moderating effect upon a child's irrational beliefs as it relates to the style of anger expression as exhibited by their children.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.116-125
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between health locus of control, exercise self-efficacy and exercise benefits / barriers of female college students. Methods: Convenient sampling was used to recruit participants from a University based in Pusan. Data were collected from October 15 to December 20, 2007, and participants were 322 students. The questionnaires administered consisted of Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (HLOC) Scales, Exercise Self-efficacy Scale, and Exercise Benefits / Barriers Scale. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean scores for the HLOC among female students was HLOC-I: 22.24, HLOC-P: 16.82, HLOC-C: 15.16. The mean scores were exercise self-efficacy: 37.45, exercise benefit: 2.96, and exercise barriers: 2.89. The 'double external' response pattern of HLOC was the largest group in female students with significant difference in exercise benefit between response patterns of HLOC. There were significant correlations between HLOC-I, exercise self-efficacy, and exercise benefit/barriers. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that tailored health management program by pattern of HLOC should be developed to promote the exercise behavior and enhance the exercise self-efficacy and benefit for female students.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.114-123
• /
• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report the result and the satisfaction of Korean medicine treatment for patients with dysmenorrhea who participated in support program of Jeollabuk-do. Methods: The subjects of this study were 33 volunteers, suffering from primary dysmenorrhea. As the 'Dysmenorrhea Treatment Project', we conducted a dysmenorrhea program at 22 Korean medicine clinic and 1 Korean medicine hospital in Jeollabuk-do. From May to December 2018, we conducted the program and assessed the effect and satisfaction twice after first two menstrual cycles after Korean medicine treatment through questionnaire. They were treated by Korean medicine treatment such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, heat therapy, physical therapy and others in 2017. The results were measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS) and multidimensional verbal rating scale (MVRS) of overall pain. The disturbance in school activity for menstrual period and satisfaction of Korean medicine treatment were investigated by continuous rating scales. Results: The VAS score of overall pain was decreased significantly. Also the amount of the analgesic taken for menstrual period and the degree of disturbance in school activity were decreased significantly. Besides, the satisfaction of Korean medicine treatment was increased. Conclusions: This study might suggest that the Korean medicine treatment on dysmenorrhea is effective.