• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.226-235
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• 2010

As marine leisure is getting popular around the world, people's interest in cruise ship is increasing rapidly. Now it became possible to make cruise ship with Korean technology, as a result of continuous research and development. However, as cruise ships are getting bigger and more popular, new cruise interior design is required to satisfy various clients' aesthetic and functional demands. Therefore, more researches for cruise interior design are needed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of planning and design of passenger's cabins in cruise ship. The scope of this research is limited to the types in the 2004-2010 in Large Cruise Ships. Method of this study are document study and case study, in particularly, case study is conducted for the specific design methods through case analysis. The results of this study are as follow : One of the transitions in the cruise cabin designs is that cabins with balconies occupy a large portion of the entire cabins. As the functions of these balconies are diversifying, more distinctive forms of balcony are showing up. In particular, the cabins which are connected to public space differentiate themselves from those with the same rates; it meets the demands of the clients who require high quality services. In terms of cabin design, a futuristic, distinctive cabin that has incorporated will be a very important function in determining the value of the cruise ship. Based on the results of this research, application of the rapid changes in cabin design and studies about more diversified and advanced design are required.

• Korean Journal of Hydrosciences
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• 제7권
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• pp.37-49
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• 1996

This study aims at suggesting an alternative to improve flood controling capacity according to the cument design criteria for the existing Soyanggang Multi-purpose Dam which was constructed 20 years ago as the largest dam in Korea. The peak inflow of the adopted probable maximum flood (PMF) at the time of construction was 13,500 $m^3$/s. However, the newly estimated peak inflow of the PMF is 18,000 $m^3$/s which is 1.34 times bigger than the original one. This is considered to be due to the accumulation of the reliable flood and storm event records after construction, and due to the increasing tendency of the local flood peaks according to the influence of world-wide weather change. The new estimation of the probable maximum precipitation (PMP) was based on the hydro-meteorological method suggested by the guideline of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The unit hydrograph which was applied for the estimation of PMF was derived through linear programming algorithm by minimizing the sum of absolute deviations of the calculated and recorded flood hydrographs. In order to adopt the newly estimated PMF as a design flood, following four alternatives were compared : (1) allocation of more flood control space by lowering the normal high water level, (2) construction of a new spillway in addition to the existing spillway, (3) construction of a new dam which has relevant flood control storage at the upstream of the Soyanggang dam, (4) raising the existing dam crest. The preliminary evaluation of these alternatives resulted in that the second alternative is most economic and feasible. So as to stably cope with the newly estimated PMF by meeting all the current functions of the multipurpose dam, a detailed study of an additional spillway tunnel has to be followed.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2019

In this paper, we divided domestic and foreign digital cultural activation policies into four types. We also described projects of each policy and analyzed the limitations of the policy. Finally, we suggested solutions to overcome these limitations. Changes in daily life caused by the recent development of 5G network technology, augmented reality, and virtual reality technology have brought many changes in the way of preservation and utilization of cultural heritage. In particular, digital technology is used for digitization of cultural heritage, storing, and managing digital data, digitally restoring cultural heritage, and enabling time, space, multi-sensory experiences. For this purpose, new policies was required to utilize this. This study divides domestic and international digital heritage policies into digital infrastructure construction, sharing and communication platform construction, public relations, and demonstration contents production support policies. This study is meaningful in classifying the fields of digital heritage policy and introducing digital heritage policy trends. It is also meaningful to suggest ways to improve digital heritage policies through analysis of domestic and foreign cases.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• 제37권6_3호
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• pp.1923-1929
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• 2021

Earth observation satellites are being used in various field and are being developed in many countries due to their high utility and marketability. Korea is developing various Earth observation satellites according to National Space Development Plan. Among them, the Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite(KOMPSAT) series is the most representative low-orbit satellite. So far, a total of five KOMPSAT have been launched to meet the national image demand and have been used in various fields, including national institutions. This special issue introduces research related to data processing, analysis, and utilization using various image data from the KOMPSAT series. Meanwhile, for the uninterrupted utilization of the subsequent KOMPSAT image data, data processing and utilization research suitable for high-resolution images must be continued, and related research contents will be continuously shared through a special issue.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• 제38권6_4호
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• pp.1911-1923
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• 2022

The availability of high-resolution satellite images provides precise information without direct observation of the research target. Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite (KOMPSAT), also known as the Arirang satellite, has been developed and utilized for earth observation. The machine learning model was continuously proven as a good classifier in classifying remotely sensed images. This study aimed to compare the performance of the support vector machine (SVM) model in classifying the land cover of the Delaware River port area on high and medium-resolution images. Three optical images, which are KOMPSAT-2, KOMPSAT-3A, and Sentinel-2B, were classified into six land cover classes, including water, road, vegetation, building, vacant, and shadow. The KOMPSAT images are provided by Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI), and the Sentinel-2B image was provided by the European Space Agency (ESA). The training samples were manually digitized for each land cover class and considered the reference image. The predicted images were compared to the actual data to obtain the accuracy assessment using a confusion matrix analysis. In addition, the time-consuming training and classifying were recorded to evaluate the model performance. The results showed that the KOMPSAT-3A image has the highest overall accuracy and followed by KOMPSAT-2 and Sentinel-2B results. On the contrary, the model took a long time to classify the higher-resolution image compared to the lower resolution. For that reason, we can conclude that the SVM model performed better in the higher resolution image with the consequence of the longer time-consuming training and classifying data. Thus, this finding might provide consideration for related researchers when selecting satellite imagery for effective and accurate image classification.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.343-353
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• 2022

An attempt to derive the surface temperature from the Korea Multi-purpose Satellite (KOMPSAT)-3A mid-wave infrared (MWIR) data acquired over the southern California on Nov. 14, 2015 has been made using the MODerate resolution atmospheric TRANsmission (MODTRAN) radiative transfer model. Since after the successful launch on March 25, 2015, the KOMPSAT-3A spacecraft and its two payload instruments - the high-resolution multispectral optical sensor and the scanner infrared imaging system (SIIS) - continue to operate properly. SIIS uses the MWIR spectral band of 3.3-5.2 ㎛ for data acquisition. As input data for the realistic simulation of the KOMPSAT-3A SIIS imaging conditions in the MODTRAN model, we used the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) atmospheric profiles, the KOMPSAT-3Asensor response function, the solar and line-of-sight geometry, and the University of Wisconsin emissivity database. The land cover type of the study area includes water,sand, and agricultural (vegetated) land located in the southern California. Results of surface temperature showed the reasonable geographical pattern over water, sand, and agricultural land. It is however worthwhile to note that the surface temperature pattern does not resemble the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiance counterpart. This is because MWIR TOA radiances consist of both shortwave (0.2-5 ㎛) and longwave (5-50 ㎛) components and the surface temperature depends solely upon the surface emitted radiance of longwave components. We found in our case that the shortwave surface reflection primarily causes the difference of geographical pattern between surface temperature and TOA radiance. Validation of the surface temperature for this study is practically difficult to perform due to the lack of ground truth data. We therefore made simple comparisons with two datasets over Salton Sea: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) field data and Salton Sea data. The current estimate differs with these datasets by 2.2 K and 1.4 K, respectively, though it seems not possible to quantify factors causing such differences.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to objectively detect simulated tooth ankylosis using a novel method involving cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Tooth ankylosis was simulated in single-rooted human permanent teeth, and CBCT scans were acquired at different current levels (5, 6.3, and 8 mA) and voxel sizes (0.08, 0.125, and 0.2). In axial reconstructions, a line of interest was perpendicularly placed over the periodontal ligament space of 21 ankylosed and 21 non-ankylosed regions, and the CBCT grey values of all voxels along the line of interest were plotted against their corresponding X-coordinates through a line graph to generate a profile. The image contrast was increased by 30% and 60% and the profile assessment was repeated. The internal area of the resulting parabolas was obtained from all images and compared between ankylosed and non-ankylosed regions under different contrast enhancement conditions, voxel sizes, and mA levels using multi-way analysis of variance with the Tukey post hoc test(α=0.05). Results: The internal area of the parabolas of all non-ankylosed regions was significantly higher than that of the ankylosed regions(P<0.05). Contrast enhancement led to a significantly greater internal area of the parabolas of non-ankylosed regions (P<0.05). Overall, voxel size and mA did not significantly influence the internal area of the parabolas(P>0.05). Conclusion: The proposed novel method revealed a relevant degree of applicability in the detection of simulated tooth ankylosis; increased image contrast led to greater detectability.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.634-639
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• 2013

The aim of the study is to develop the 3D visualization of Building Information Model and integrated 4D model for optimization of resources in the construction project. This study discuss the process of methodology and creation of 4D model of the project and simulate it to monitor the workflow at the site. Different stages of the construction process and activities are generated by using Revit and MS Project. MS project has been used for creation of the schedules and these are linked with the Revit for 3D modeling. The time used as the fourth dimension and 4D model created by using Navisworks Time liner software. Narges shopping center is presented as a case study to realize the actual uses and benefits of Building Information Model (BIM). Narges shopping mall is located in Tehran, Iran. As a part of Hekmat master plan, Narges shopping center is an 11 stores building with a total area of 30000 Sq.m. This shopping and entertainment center is comprised of 150 retails and two multi-use public halls with a capacity of 400 persons each and underground parking with total 400 parking space. The main purpose of architecture was to create an urban public center along with its revolving, spiral like form and an ever changing continuous façade by means of different colors, materials, which is in harmony with the other building of the master plan. The approximate cost of the project is $17 million and duration of the project schedule is 30 months. The developed Building Information Model enabled us to identify the potential collisions or clashes between various structural and architectural systems. 4D model has been used for limiting the interaction between subcontractors installing the different systems so rework could be avoided and productivity maximized. It is also observed that the utility of BIM for construction stimulation and clash detection is the best suitable method. Clash detection before the implementation of work is highly recommended to avoid rework.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.281-295
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate and verify the application of phase-control absolute-acceleration-feedback active tuned mass dampers (PCA-ATMD) to multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) building structures. In addition, servo speed control technique has been developed as a replacement for force control in order to mitigate the negative effects caused by friction and inertia. The essence of the proposed PCA-ATMD is to achieve a 90° phase lag for a structure by implementing the desired control force so that the PCA-ATMD can receive the maximum power flow with which to effectively mitigate the structural vibration. An MDOF building structure with a PCA-ATMD and a real-time filter forming a complete system is modeled using a state-space representation and is presented in detail. The feedback measurement for the phase control algorithm of the MDOF structure is compact, with only the absolute acceleration of one structural floor and ATMD's velocity relative to the structure required. A discrete-time direct output-feedback optimization method is introduced to the PCA-ATMD to ensure that the control system is optimized and stable. Numerical simulation and shaking table experiments are conducted on a three-story steel shear building structure to verify the performance of the PCA-ATMD. The results indicate that the absolute acceleration of the structure is well suppressed whether considering peak or root-mean-square responses. The experiment also demonstrates that the control of the PCA-ATMD can be decentralized, so that it is convenient to apply and maintain to real high-rise building structures.

• Archives of design research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2007

Having started with "Space War", the first game produced by MIT in the 1960's, the gaming industry expanded rapidly and grew to a large size over a short period of time: the brand new games being launched on the market are found to contain many different elements making up a single content in that it is often called the 'the most comprehensive ultimate fruits' of the design technologies. This also translates into a large increase in the number of things which need to be considered in developing games, complicating the plans on the financial budget, the work force, and the time to be committed. Therefore, an approach for analyzing the elements which make up a game, computing the importance of each of them, and assessing those games to be developed in the future, is the key to a successful development of games. Many decision-making activities are often required under such a planning process. The decision-making task involves many difficulties which are outlined as follows: the multi-factor problem; the uncertainty problem impeding the elements from being "quantified" the complex multi-purpose problem for which the outcome aims confusion among decision-makers and the problem with determining the priority order of multi-stages leading to the decision-making process. In this study we plan to suggest AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) so that these problems can be worked out comprehensively, and logical and rational alternative plan can be proposed through the quantification of the "uncertain" data. The analysis was conducted by taking FPS (First Person Shooting) which is currently dominating the gaming industry, as subjects for this study. The most important consideration in conducting AHP analysis is to accurately group the elements of the subjects to be analyzed objectively, and arrange them hierarchically, and to analyze the importance through pair-wise comparison between the elements. The study is composed of 2 parts of analyzing these elements and computing the importance between them, and choosing an alternative plan. Among these this paper is particularly focused on the Delphi technique-based objective element analyzing and hierarchy of the FPS games.