• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.29-34
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• 2008

In this paper, we proposed a system protocol for detecting injurious insect to support energy saving transmission in wireless bio sensor networks. The main ideas and features of the system are as follows. First, the route establishment method which is based on the energy efficiency and stability by using time-division tree structure. Second, multi-hop direction-based data gatering structure. In this structure, the selected fading method is used to transmit packet via the established tree structure for supporting power saving and route lifetime efficiently. Finally, we can get the node power saving and reduce transmission delay, thus network lifetime and efficiency are improved. The performance evaluation of the proposed protocol is via OPNET(Optimized Network Engineering Tool).

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.216-225
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• 2004

In a cellular network, if there are too many data users in a cell, data may suffer long delay, and system's quality-of-service (QoS) will degrade. Some traditional schemes such as dynamic channel-allocation scheme (DCA) will assign more channels to hot (or overloaded) cells through a central control system (CC) and the throughput increase will be upper bounded by the number of new channels assigned to the cell. In mobile-assisted data forwarding (MADF), we add an ad-hoc overlay to the fixed cellular infrastructure and special channels-called forwarding channels- are used to connect mobile units in a hot cell and its surrounding cold cells without going through the hot cell's base station. Thus, mobile units in a hot cell can forward data to other cold cells to achieve load balancing. Most of the forwarding-channel management work in MADF is done by mobile units themselves in order to relieve the load from the CC. The traffic increase in a certain cell will not be upper bounded by the number of forwarding channels. It can be more if the users in hot cell are significantly far away from one another and these users can use the same forwarding channels to forward data to different cold neighboring cells without interference. We find that, in a system using MADF, under a certain delay requirement, the throughput in a certain cell or for the whole net-work can be greatly improved.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.720-725
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• 2008

This paper proposes a system architecture for USN with a service robot to provide more active assisted living services for elderly persons by monitoring their mental and physical well-being with USN environments at home, hospital, or silver town. Sensors embedded in USN are used to detect preventive measures for chronic disease. Logged data are transferred to main controller of a service robot via wireless channel in which the analysis of data is performed. For the purpose of handling emergency situations, it needs real-time processing on gathering variety sensor data, routing algorithms for sensor nodes to a moving sink node and processing of logged data. This paper realized multi-hop sensor network to detect user movements with biometric data transmission and performed algorithms on Xenomai, a real-time embedded Linux. To leverage active sensing, a mobile robot is used of which task was implemented with a priority to process urgent data came from the sink-node. This software architecture is anticipated to integrate sensing, communication and computing with real-time manner. In order to verify the usefulness of a proposed system, the performance of data transferring and processing on a real-time OS with non real-time OS is also evaluated.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.12-19
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• 2017

The LED technology advancement introduce cuttingedge technology on Internet of Things (IoT) to connect the physical world to the digital realm, using digital smart lighting infrastructure called Internet of light (IoL). This paper proposes an Integrated IoT agent on networked smart LED lighting controller called IoL Filed Gateway using lighting infrastructure in which a lighting system that can connect to a network and can be monitored and controlled from a centralized system or via the cloud. The IoL Field Gateway defines new world of smart connected intelligence, lighting can become an integral and responsive part of everyday human life environments. The proposed connected lighting gateway uses the concept of multi-hop ad hoc network using visible light communication (VLC) with RF wireless technologies and Wired PLC (Power Line Communication). This connectivity and intelligence integrated into LED-based luminaires form the backbone of smart buildings and cities and make the Internet of Things (IoT) vision feasible and enables the lighting administrator can control numerous lightings easily and visitors can get visual information from the lightings with their smart devices. The proposed IoL gateway design is emulated on Arduino based HW platform with VLC, RF, and PLC connectivity and evaluated with four sensor interface.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2018

MANET composed of only wireless nodes is increasingly utilized in various fields. However, it is exposed to many security vulnerabilities because it doesn't have any infrastructure and transmits data by using multi-hop method. Therefore, MANET should be applied the intrusion detection technique that can detect efficiently malicious nodes and decrease impacts of various attacks. In this paper, we propose a distributed intrusion detection technique that can detect the various attacks while improving the efficiency of attack detection and reducing the false positive rate. The proposed technique uses the cluster structure to manage the information in the center and monitor the traffic of their neighbor nodes directly in all nodes. We use three parameters for attack detection. We also applied an efficient authentication technique using only key exchange without the help of CA in order to provide integrity when exchanging information between cluster heads. This makes it possible to free the forgery of information about trust information of the nodes and attack nodes. The superiority of the proposed technique can be confirmed through comparative experiments with existing intrusion detection techniques.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.495-502
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• 2013

In the mobile Ad hoc Network(MANET), improving technique for management and control of topology is recognized as an important part of the next generation network. In this paper, we proposed an efficient node life time management of ATICC(Adaptive Time Interval Clustering Control) in Ad-hoc Networks. Ad-hoc Network is a self-configuration network or wireless multi-hop network based on inference topology. This is a method of path routing management node for increasing the network life time through the periodical route alternation. The proposed ATICC algorithm is time interval control technique depended on the use of the battery energy while node management considering the attribute of node and network routing. This can reduce the network traffic of nodes consume energy cost effectively. As a result, it could be improving the network life time by using timing control method in ad-hoc networks.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.31-40
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• 2009

What are important in wireless sensor networks are reliable data transmission, energy efficiency of each node, and the maximization of network life through the distribution of load among the nodes. The present study proposed DSPR, a dynamic unique path routing machanism that considered these requirements in wireless sensor networks. In DSPR, data is transmitted through a dynamic unique path, which has the least cost calculated with the number of hops from each node to the sink, and the average remaining energy. At that time, each node monitors its transmission process and if a node detects route damage it changes the route dynamically, referring to the cost table, and by doing so, it enhances the reliability of the network and distributes energy consumption evenly among the nodes. In addition, when the network topology is changed, only the part related to the change is restructured dynamically instead of restructuring the entire network, and the life of the network is extended by inhibiting unnecessary energy consumption in each node as much as possible. In the results of our experiment, the proposed DSPR increased network life by minimizing energy consumption of the nodes and improved the reliability and energy efficiency of the network.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.100-109
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• 2005

A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) supports a multi-hop wireless network without any prepared base station (BS). The MANET is capable of building a mobile network automatically without any help from DHCP servers for address allocation or routers to forward or route messages. Many routing protocols have been proposed for the MANET, but these specify the most optimized or shortest path from a source to a destination, and they assume that nodes are pre-configured before communication. To make up for this, address allocation algorithms, such as MANETConf [1] and prophet address allocation algorithm [2], have been proposed. Especially, MANETConf proposes address allocation algorithm with duplication address check. In this paper, we present a dynamic node configuration protocol based on 2-tierd hierarchical network architecture for mobile ad-hoc network, modified from [1]. Especially, it reduces the number of broadcast message exchange between nodes when a new node somes into a network, which lessens network overhead, remarkably. This protocol is based on two-tired structure, and it ensures address allocation with simple duplication address defection mechanism.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.118-129
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• 2008

This paper describes an IEEE 802.15.4-based hierarchical sensor network model for a VAWS(Vehicle Approach Warning System) which provides the drivers of vehicles approaching a sharp turn with the information about vehicles approaching the same turn from the opposite end. In the proposed network model, a tree-structured topology, that can prolong the lifetime of network is formed in a self-organizing manner by a topology control protocol. A simple but efficient routing protocol, that creates and maintains routing tables based on the network topology organized by the topology control protocol, transports data packets generated from the sensor nodes to the base station which then forwards it to a display processor. These protocols are designed as a network layer extension to the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC. In the simulation, which models a scenario with a sharp turn, it is shown that the proposed network model achieves a high-level performance in terms of both energy efficiency and throughput simultaneously.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.15C no.6
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• pp.539-546
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose an address autoconfiguration mechanism and a route establishment mechanism appropriate for the modified MANET architecture which overcomes the multi-link subnet problem. For the delivery of Router Advertisement (RA) messages without causing the duplicate packet reception problem in the multi-hop wireless network environment, the Scope-Extended RA (Scope-Extended Router Advertisement) message is defined. Also, by defining the MANET Prefix option, a MANET node is allowed to send packets destined to a host not in the MANET directly to the gateway. This can prevent the performance degradation caused by broadcasting control messages of the reactive routing protocol for route establishment. The performance of the proposed mechanism is analyzed through NS-2 based simulations and, according to the simulation results, it is shown that the proposed mechanism performs well in terms of the control message overhead.