• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2002.07c
• /
• pp.1705-1708
• /
• 2002

Spreading codes with ZCD(zero-correlation duration) property have the MAI(multiple access interference) rejection ability in the CDMA systems. A class of multi-level spreading codes, i.e., Zero padded ternary ZCD codes are introduced in this paper. By the selected zero-padding method to the binary ZCD codes, ternary ZCD codes are generated and they have enhanced ZCD property and family size than the binary ZCD codes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
• /
• v.35S no.3
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 1998

Multi-dimensional DC-free trellis codes based on two-dimensional constellation which can be omplemented more easily than conventional codes are proposed and their performances are analyzed in this paper. 2N-dimensional constellation of the proposed codes is constructed by concatenating N 2-dimensional constellation. Thus, for the proposed codes, information bits can be assigned easily to each signal point of the 2-dimensional consteellation and DC-free characteristic can be simply obtained by the symmetric structure of the constellation. In addition, since Viterbi decoder can calculate multi-dimensional Euchlidean distance between signals by simple sum of each 2-dimensional Euclidean distanc, decoding complexity can be reduced. The performance analysis shows that the proposed codes have almost same spectral characteristic and error performance as compared with conventional codes. However, the complexity is shown to be reduced further due to the construction method of contellation and the simple decoding algorithm of the proposed codes.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.57 no.2
• /
• pp.459-479
• /
• 2020

In the last two decades, codes over noncommutative rings have been one of the main trends in coding theory. Due to the fact that noncommutativity brings many challenging problems in its nature, still there are many open problems to be addressed. In 2015, generator polynomial matrices and parity-check polynomial matrices of generalized quasi-cyclic (GQC) codes were investigated by Matsui. We extended these results to the noncommutative case. Exploring the dual structures of skew constacyclic codes, we present a direct way of obtaining parity-check polynomials of skew multi-twisted codes in terms of their generators. Further, we lay out the algebraic structures of skew multipolycyclic codes and their duals and we give some examples to illustrate the theorems.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.47 no.8
• /
• pp.32-41
• /
• 2010

We propose the use of multi-preambles using Gold codes and analyze its performance. The multi-preamble is a way of utilizing different codes for preambles according to operation modes or applications in a system. The receiver can be easily implemented using the maximum likelihood algorithm. The performance is robust against noise due to the good correlation characteristic of the Gold codes. We use 128-bit-long multi-preambles generated by 127 bit Gold codes in deriving the detection error probability and in verifying the validity through computer simulation. The results show that the theory and the experiment are in good agreement within the approximation error.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.608-619
• /
• 2010

A multi-scale analysis of water-cooled reactor thermalhydraulics can be used to take advantage of increased computer power and improved simulation tools, including Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS), Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) (in both open and porous mediums), and system thermalhydraulic codes. This paper presents a general strategy for this procedure for various thermalhydraulic scales. A short state of the art is given for each scale, and the role of the scale in the overall multi-scale analysis process is defined. System thermalhydraulic codes will remain a privileged tool for many investigations related to safety. CFD in porous medium is already being frequently used for core thermalhydraulics, either in 3D modules of system codes or in component codes. CFD in open medium allows zooming on some reactor components in specific situations, and may be coupled to the system and component scales. Various modeling approaches exist in the domain from DNS to CFD which may be used to improve the understanding of flow processes, and as a basis for developing more physically based models for macroscopic tools. A few examples are given to illustrate the multi-scale approach. Perspectives for the future are drawn from the present state of the art and directions for future research and development are given.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.267-272
• /
• 2012

In this paper, we study multi-hop cooperative transmission protocols using fountain codes. The proposed protocols can reduce the end-to-end delay and number of stages compared to those in conventional multi-hop transmission. VariousMonte-Carlo simulations are presented to evaluate and compare performance of the protocols over Rayeigh fading channels.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.374-385
• /
• 2003

The growing interest towards ultra-wideband (UWB) communications stems from its unique features such as baseband operation, ample multipath diversity, and the potential of enhanced user capacity. But since UWB has to overlay existing narrowband systems, multiple access has to be achieved in the presence of narrowband interference (NBI). However, existing baseband spreading codes for UWB multiple access are not flexible in handling NBI. In this paper, we introduce two novel spreading codes that not only enable baseband UWB multiple access, but also facilitate flexible NBI cancellation. We construct our codes using a single carrier or multiple carriers (SC or MC), which can be implemented with standard discrete-cosine transform (DCT) circuits. With our SC/MC codes, NBI can be avoided by simply nulling undesired digital carriers. Being digital, these SC/MC codes give rise to multiband UWB systems, without invoking analog carriers. In addition, our SC/MC codes enable full multipath diversity, and maximum coding gains. Equally attractive is their capability to reduce the number of interfering users, with simple matched filter operations. Comprehensive simulations are also carried out to corroborate our analysis.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.25 no.12B
• /
• pp.2109-2119
• /
• 2000

In this paper, the Packet CDMA Reservation ALOHA protocol is proposed to support the multi-traffic services such as voice and videophone services with handoff calls, high-rate data and low-rate data services efficiently on the multi-rate transmission in uplink cellular systems. The frame structure, composed of the access slot and the transmission slot, and the proposed access permission probability based on the estimated number of contending users for each service are presented to reduce MAI. The assured priority to the voice and the videophone handoff calls is given through higher access permission probability. And through the proposed code assignment scheme, the voice service can be provided without the voice packet dropping probability in the CDMA/PRMA protocols. The code reservation is allowed to the voice and the videophone services. The low-rate data service uses the available codes during the silent periods of voice calls and the remaining codes in the codes assigned to the voice service to utilize codes efficiently. The high-rate data service uses the assigned codes to the high-rate data service and the remaining codes in the codes assigned to the videophone service. Using the Markov-chain subsystem model for each service including the handoff calls in uplink cellular systems, the steady-state performances are simulated and analyzed. After a round of tests for the examples, through the proposed code assignment scheme and the access permission probability, the Packet CDMA Reservation ALOHA protocol can guarantee the priority and the constant QoS for the handoff calls even at large number of contending users. Also, the data services are integrated efficiently on the multi-rate transmission.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.40-45
• /
• 2008

This paper proposes the signal design techniques of quasi-orthogonal space time block codes (QO-STBCS) on the multi-dimensional signal space. In the multiple antenna system(MIMO), QO-STBC achieves the full-diversity and full-rate by grouping two based-symbols. We study the condition for the full-diversity of the grouping QO-STBC geometrically and the performance analysis of codes on the multi-dimensional signal space regarding the various signal constellations. Simulation results show that the way of the performance analysis is validity.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.36 no.6A
• /
• pp.577-586
• /
• 2011

Modem digital communication systems are required to use forward error correction (FEC) codes to combat inevitable channel impairment. Turbo codes or low density parity check (LDPC) codes, using iterative decoding with soft decision detection (SDD) information, are the most common examples. The excellent performance of these codes should be conditioned on accurate estimation of soft decision detection information. In order to use FEC codes with iterative decoding for Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) system, reliable soft decision channel gain should be provided. In this paper, we investigate efficient SDD methods for turbo-coded MIMO system, and derive the corresponding formulas of SDD for various MIMO detection schemes. We present simulation results of the derived SDD schemes for turbo-coded MIMO systems, and show that the presented results almost approximate to maximum likelihood detection performance with much less computational load.