• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1998

Mulberry leaves(Mori folium) and silkworm(Bombyx mori) are potnet inhibiters of intestinal $\alpha$-glycosidase, and inhibit the digestion of starch and sucrose in the small intestine. They are able to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia and decrease blood insulin levels. In this study , a high-carbohydrate diet(CHO ; 67.5%, protein ; 20.8%, fat : 11.7%) was received by the control group. In contrast, the experimental groups received a high-carbohydrate diet with extracts of mulberry leaves and silkwork(50mg.100g diet), and acarbose(6.7mg/100g diet). after a 10 week study period , the experimental groups had lower blood glucose and triglyceride levels. The experimental groups tended to have lwer Hb Alc levels. Also, blood insulin levels were lower than the control groups in accordance with blood glucose levels. The activities of intestinal $\alpha$-glucosidase in the middle and distal parts of small intestine were induced by the extracts of mulberry leaves and silkworm in the experimental groups. However, the activities of liver lysosomal glucosidase and the contents of glycogen in the liver were not affected by the mulberry leave and silkworm extracts nor by acarbose. Mulberry leaves and silkworm were able to prevent sudden postprandial peaks in blood glucose as a result of $\alpha$-glycosidase, inhibition, there by decreasing unnecessary insulin secretion.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.280-285
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• 2012

Six polyphenolic compounds, such as chlorogenic acid (CA), rutin (RT), isoquercitrin (IQT), quercetin-3-O-(6-O-malonyl)-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (QMG), astragalin (AG), kaempferol-3-O-(6-O-malonyl)-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (KMG), were isolated from mulberry leaves by a series of isolation procedures, such as Diaion HP-20, silica-gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS-A column chromatographies. The chemical structures of the phenolic compounds were identified by UV and NMR spectral analyses. Levels of polyphenols in mulberry leaves from six different mulberry cultivars ranged from 1,042.16 to 1,871.97 mg% per dry weight; Guksang cultivar showed the highest levels of polyphenols, whereas Gaeryangdaehwa contained the least polyphenol contents. Generally, levels of polyphenols in mulberry leaves decreased with increasing harvest time, except for Yoolmok, but increased with heat processing time, except QMG and KMG. These results suggest that the heat processed mulberry leaves of Guksang cultivar harvested in early May can be potentially useful sources for production of high quality mulberry leaf teas.

• 생약학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.309-314
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• 2015

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is known to have the characteristics of destructed periodontal tissue. Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of mulberry leaves in periodontal tissue is not well known until now. We investigated the effects of n-butanol extract of mulberry leaves on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced proinflammatory cytokines, such as $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-8 and modulates osteogenic differentiation in periodontal ligament cells. The expression levels of Runx2, ALP and mRNA were increased by n-butanol extract of mulberry leaves at the concentration of $100{\mu}g/ml$ in periodontal ligament cells. n-Butanol extract of mulberry leaves extract reduced the range of pathophysiological processes, such as inflammation and increase in the level of osteogenic-related genes. These findings suggest that n-butanol extract of mulberry leaves has therapeutic effects on periodontitis and periodontal tissue regeneartion.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.831-836
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• 2009

The aims of this investigation was to examine the anti-obesity effects of oral administration with Mulberry leaves extraction in the high-fat diet induced obesity rats. We investigated the anti-obesity effects of the extract from Mulberry leaves on the progress of high fat diet for 8 weeks. Experimental rats were divided into 5 different experimental groups including an normal group (normal dieat; n=10), control group (high fat diet; n=10), I (Mulberry leaves extraction 100 mg/kg oral administration induced obesity; n=10), II (Mulberry leaves extraction 300 mg/kg oral administration; n=10), and III (Mulberry leaves extraction 500 mg/kg oral administration; n=10). It is to analysis changes in body weight, epididymal fat weight, blood lipid profiles, and fat histological findings. Body weights were significantly increase in control group than normal groups(p<0.05). The level of total cholesterol, LDL-C and TG were significantly lower in experimental groups than control group (p<0.05). In histopathologic finding of fat-tissue around testicle experimental group I and II were more decreased than high fat diet-induced control group in fat cell size. These results suggested that the Mulberry leaves extraction oral administration made the increase of anti-obesity effect in high-fat diet induced obesity rats.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.649-654
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• 2010

In order to develop new functional yogurts using mulberries and mulberry leaves, which were cultivated in Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam Province, Korea, the nutritional compositions, fermentation conditions, sensory properties, and storage stabilities of the yogurts were analyzed. The mulberry powder yogurt contained 87.96% moisture, 3.21% carbohydrate, 4.52% protein, 3.63% lipid, and 0.68% ash, and the mulberry leaf yogurt contained 86.36% moisture, 4.13% carbohydrate, 4.87% protein, 3.79% lipid, and 0.85% ash. A yogurt base was fermented for 13 h with 0.01% ABT-5 starter inoculum at $40^{\circ}C$. To prepare the mulberry jam and mulberry leaf yogurts, a variety of mulberry jam and mulberry leaf samples were added to the yogurt base. The sensory evaluation results of the yogurts containing the mulberry jam and mulberry leaves indicated that a product made with 15% mulberry jam was more strongly preferred than other samples. When the mulberry jam and mulberry leaf yogurts were stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 15 d, there were no significant changes in pH, titratable acidity, or viable cell numbers of lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium bifidum.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.129-134
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the ice-cream containing mulberry leaves on glucose levels in blood and on sensory characteristics. Mulberry leaves were treated with sodium hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO3) to remove the fresh green note out of dried mulberry powder with ball mill. The recovery rate of dried mulberry leaf powder was 28.9% from fresh mulberry leaves. The points of ice-cream with (treatment 2 : milk-fatty 23%) and without (treatment 7 : coconut butter 9.5%) milk-fatty in the sensory characteristics were 8.31 and 8.47, respectively, of 9.00 as a full point. The range of age of volunteers taken part in the glucose level test were 21∼25 years old. The glucose levels in blood were measured before and after taking up ice-cream. In case of ice-cream with vanilla, the glucose levels increased 27.8%, while those in the up take of ice-cream with mulberry powder decreased 1.6%. In conclusion, the present study has demonstrated that ice-cream containing mulberry leaf powder has an effect to decrease blood glucose levels after the application.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.36-44
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• 1979

대기공해가 잠아의 실용형질에 미치는 영향을 알고자 일본종계통 2품종과 중국종계통 2품종을 오염상 비오염상세, 척상별로 사육하고, 또 상엽 및 잠체중의 S, Cd 함량을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 잠아경과일수는 일본종계통은 비오염구에 비해 오염구가 2.5일 정도 중국종계통은 4일정도 지연 및 불재일하였고 세척구는 중간정도 였다. 2. 잠아 5령극대체중, 견층중, 전견중등은 비오염구, 세척구, 오염구 순으로 성적이 떨어졌다. 3. 화용비율은 상엽처리별로 볼때 일본종은 유의성이 없었으나 중국종은 고도의 유의성을 나타냈다. 4. 오염상엽에 대한 저항성은 일본종계통에 비하여 중국종계통이 현저하게 약하며 동일계통에서도 종간에 차가 있다. 5. 오염지역의 상엽은 비오염지역의 상엽보다 S 및 Cd의 함량이 각각 약 30%, 300%증가하였다. 6. 잠체내 에서도 비오염상 급여구는 S가 0.41%, Cd 0.013ppm 이고 세척상 급여구는 S가 0.52%, Cd가 0.042ppm순으로 높았다. 7. S 및 Cd의 함량이 상엽에 가시적인 피해는 나타내지 않았으나 잠아에는 피해가 심했다. 8. 잠아의 실용형질은 공해로 인한 상엽질의 악화에서 입는 피해보다 상엽에 부착된 분전의 해가 더컸다. 9. 이상을 종합해 보면 분장지대 선정에 있어서 중국종계통은 공해지역을 피할 것이며 부득이한 경우는 상엽을 세척급여하면 현저한 효과를 거둘수 있을 것이다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1998

Entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae, were isolated from the soil of mulberry field, and the high infectivity and invesiveness were confirmed in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. The cause of non-microbial and acute flacherie was found as an disease by infection with soil-born nematodes through the mulberry leaves contaminated with soil and rainwater. The causal nematodes were isolated by silkworm trap from all of the 5 soil samples collected on the 5 mulberry fields, and identified as 3 strains of Heterorhabditis sp. and 2 of Steinernema sp. Rainwater itself, however, wasn't engaged in the silkworm disease, mulberry leaves with rainwater was rather profitable for cocoon production when the leaf quality was too hard to feed silkworm. Feeding of wet mulberry leaves with rain might not so harm to silkworm when the condition of rearing room to be kept at suitable temperature and ventilated well. Nematode infection of silkworm could be occurred by harvesting and feeding of contaminated mulberry leaves on the weather condition of rainy and wind. For the prevention of nematode infection, silkworms should be fed the leaves harvested from the higher portion of the mulberry tree in rainy days. For an oppositional application of this susceptibility of silkworms to nematode, might be useful on the collection and amplification of nematode agents for biotic control of pest insects.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2017

In relation to the global increase trend of obesity population, there is a demand for the development of foods having high functional activity by mass-extracting anti-obesity active substances using mulberry product such as leaf and fruit. Therefore, we evaluated the antiobesity efficacy according to varieties by using the mulberry leaves and fruit extracts. At the same time, high active varieties were selected. For this purpose, the effects of the extracts of the mulberry leaf and fruit on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation were examined. As a result, in the case of mulberry leaves, the lipid accumulation inhibitory rate of 'Cheongolppong' was higher than that of the control at $500{\mu}g/ml$ treatment. And in the case of the extract of mulberry fruit, 'Daesim' showed the highest lipid accumulation inhibitory rate compared with the control at 50 times of diluted extract.

• 한국잠사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국잠사학회 1997년도 Progress and Future Development of Sericultural Science and Technology 40th Anniversary Commemoration Symposium
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• pp.119-131
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• 1997

As the average span of human life is continuously increasing, especially the old aged groups, are suffering from various chronic and critical diseases e.g. cardiovascular diseases, coronary heart disease, diabetes, atherosclerosis and alzheimer's etc. However, effective and safe treatment methods have not yet been investigated threathening old aged groups. This research was planned to isolate compounds with the therapeutic potential for the above mentioned chronic diseases from the mulberry leaves. Biological screenings were carried out for the following categories; anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic and antihypertensive effects. The results were as follows; Mulberry leaves, 20% $\alpha$-treated Gaelyrangppong showed significant 81% of blood glucose lowering effects in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice. Particularly, butanol-soluble fractions of mulberry leaves showed the more significant hypoglycemic activity than other fractions in alloxan induced hyperhlycemic mice. Also in the group given 1g/kg doses of extract of mulberry leaves, total cholesterol level was decreased significantly by as much as 49% in hyperlipidemia-induced rats. In Mulberry leaves post-treated group, the atheroscelosis index, HDL-cholesterol/Total-cholesterol, was increased significantly by as much as 91%.