• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.498-507
• /
• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to survey health requirements of middle-aged women and their families and to provide guidelines for developing nursing interventions by describing the process of family health maintenance experienced by middle-aged women and its conceptual system. Methods: To get saturated data, each of four researchers conducted two or three times of in-depth interview with eight middle-aged women aged between 40-64 years old and living in Seoul and Chuncheon from the 10th to the 30th of October 2004 and each interview was continued one or two hours. The Grounded theory adopted by Strauss & Corbin (1998) is a substantive theory that can explain the experiencing process of middle-aged women. Results: We found that the casual condition of family health maintaining by middle-aged women was 'confidence of health belief', and 'pouring by body moving' was found to be its phenomenon. A textual condition that might respond to the phenomenon was 'fatal roles acceptance', and intervening conditions that promote their family health were 'retracing' and 'gathering health information'. These intervening conditions impacted middle-aged women's confidence in family health and led them to take actions/interactions such as 'being a model of health', 'adapting to circumstances', 'do-it-myself', 'taking-care' 'harmonious mind' and 'the pursuit of cleanness'. These actions/interactions produced results such as 'being stronger', 'being unmanageable' and 'being fruitful'. Conclusions: Health confidence and practical health behaviors were observed in the process that the middle-aged female participants experienced unmanageable circumstances but they accepted their roles and responsibilities and recognized that they must be get stronger. The behaviors of health-together-with were divided into enthusiastic type, adaptation type and self-sacrificing type. Therefore middle-aged woman with the understanding of family health maintaining process as well as the theoretical system and practical principals needs to implement the intervention in acceptable level of family health process of preventing psychological and physical problems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2018.10a
• /
• pp.593-596
• /
• 2018

The speed of vehicles has remained a significant factor that influences the severity of accidents and traffic accident rate in many parts of the world including South Korea. This behavior where drivers drive at speeds which exceed a posted safe threshold is known as 'speeding'. Over the past twenty years, the Korean National Police Agency (NPA) has become aware of an increased frequency of drivers who are speeding. Therefore, fixed-type ASE systems [1] have been installed on hazardous road sections of many highways. These system monitor vehicle speeds using a camera. However, the use of ASE systems has changed the behavior of the drivers. Specifically, drivers reduce speed or avoid the route where the cameras are mounted. It is not practical to install cameras at every possible location. Therefore, it is challenging to thoroughly explore the location where speeding occurs. In view of these problems, the author of this paper designed and implemented a prototype visualization system in which point and color are used to show vehicle location and associated over-speed information. All of this information was used to create a comprehensive visualization application to show information about vehicle driving. In this paper, we present an approach detecting vehicles moving at speeds which exceed a threshold and visualizing the points those violations occur on a map. This was done using vehicle trajectory data collected in Daegu city. We propose steps for exploring the data collected from those sensors. The resulting mapping has two layers. The first layer contains the dynamic vehicle trajectory data. The second underlying layer contains the static road networks. This allows comparing the speed of vehicles on roads with the known maximum safe speed of those roads, and presents the results with a visualization tool. We also compared data about people who drive over threshold safe speeds on each road on days and weekends based on vehicle trajectories. Finally, our study suggests improved times and locations where law enforcement should use monitoring with speed cameras, and where they should be stricter with traffic law enforcement. We learned that people will drive over the speed limit at midnight more than 1.9 times as often when compared with rush hour traffic at 8 o'clock in the morning, and 4.5 times as often when compared with traffic at 7 o'clock in the evening. Our study can benefit the government by helping them select better locations for installation of speed cameras. This would ultimately reduce police labor in traffic speed enforcement, and also has the potential to improve traffic safety in Daegu city.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.98-106
• /
• 2001

This paper presents external load disturbance compensation that used to deadbeat load torque observer and regulation of the compensation gain by parameter estimator. As a result, the response of PMSM follows that of the nominal plant. The load torque compensation method is compose of a dead beat observer that is well-known method. However it has disadvantage such as a noise amplification effect. To reduce of the effect, the post-filter, which is implemented by MA process, is proposed. The parameter compensator with RLSM(recursive least square method) parameter estimator is suggested to increase the performance of the load torque observer and main controller. Although RLSM estimator is one of the most effective methods for online parameter identification, it is difficult to obtain unbiased result in this application. It is caused by disturbed dynamic model with external torque. The proposed RLSM estimator is combined with a high performance torque observer to resolve the problems. As a result, the proposed control system becomes a robust and precise system against the load torque and the parameter variation. A stability and usefulness, through the verified computer simulation and experiment, are shown in this paper.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
• /
• v.46 no.6
• /
• pp.44-49
• /
• 2009

EAS (electronic article surveillance) systems have increased rapidly for article surveillance. In this paper, the strength of the EMF (electromagnetic fields) of EAS systems were measured. Pacemaker and ICD were investigated for inappropriate response resulting from EM (electromagnetic) EAS systems. The strength of EMF and the response of pacemaker and ICD were measured in the inner left side, outer right sides and the center of gates of the 6.3 kHz and 14.25 kHz EAS systems at a height of 130cm. As the result, EMF of the EAS system using 14.25 kHz was stronger than that of 6.3 kHz. AU interferences were observed only for 14.25 kHz, and the noisy ECG was found in three static positions on the pacemaker. The ICD resulted in noise reversion and VF (ventricular fibrillation) both static and moving positions by the EMP of 14.25 kHz EAS system. Therefore, it is necessary to post a message warning radiation of EMF from every EAS systems and possible risk of pacemakers and ICDs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.211-217
• /
• 2008

Natural environment, topographical conditions and marine traffic flows were investigated and questionnaire surveys were performed for the purpose of understanding the cause of marine accidents. The frequent cases of ships' dragging have happened at the anchorages of E-1, E-2 and E-3. The anchorage area is insufficient for the accommodation of a number of ships, the dolphins at the nearby piers are located near a narrow fairway. SBMs' are positioned too close to the fairway. It shows that many crossing marine traffic flows occur in all areas of the port. Marine casualties are concentrated mainly at No. 1 fairway, M1-M7 waters close to the dolphins and Gwanjeolgot, "E" anchorage and the waters close to the fairway "come and go" areas. The marine traffic flow is mainly caused by the ships' movement at the inter-port and most of the ships are the dangerous cargo carriers. And small ships like the tug-barge are moving disorderly in the ports. Furthermore, the fairway‘s layout is crossing each other. Questionnaire surveys of the users and experts shows that the LANBY that can distinguish the fairway of "come and go" ports is required.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.5-29
• /
• 1992

In this study, the author researched the process in which the philosophical basis of 'Sa Sang Medicine (四象醫學)' and its methodology build up the principles of Sa Sang Medicine, and then, examined how the principles were applied to the theoretical system of Sa Sang Medicine. The conclusion would be summarized as follows. 1. 'Nae Kyung Medicine (內經醫學)' was developed under the concept that the cosmos's order and its moving rule could be directly applied to that of human body, which corresponded to the 'Theory of Hwang-No (黃老之學)'. On the contrary, Sa Sang Medicine is a thoroughly human-oriented theory formed in the Confucianism system. 2. Lee Jae-Ma's Substantialism can be briefed into 'Mind 心' (Tae Keuk 太極), 'Mind-Body 心身' (Yang Eui 兩儀) and 'Activity-Mind-Body-Matter 事心身物' (Sa Sang 四象), which respectively represents one-elemented substance, two-elemented substance and four-elemented substance. Especially, Sa Sang was used as a basic framework in which he recognized all the objects and phenomena. So, most critical significance of his substantialism consists in the intention of Sa Sang type classifying. 3. By the method of Sa Sang type classifying, Lee Jae-Ma not only redefined the main concepts of confucianism and developed a unique philosophy of his own, but also, in the field of medical science, resystemized and re-explained the structure and function of human body. 4. From the recognition that Activity-Mind-body-Matter (Sa Sang) are four different existence forms of energy 氣 (or four variation types of energy), Yi Jae-Ma thinks that the viscera of human body have a vertical structure of 'four parts 四焦' (upper, mid-upper, mid-lower and lower parts) and its physiological function is operated by the rising and falling action of four energy presentations (sorrow 哀, anger 怒, joy 喜 and pleasure 樂). 5. In "Gyuk Chi Go 格致藁", Lee Jae-Ma understood the concept of joy, anger, sorrow and pleasure on the basis of nature-emotion theory 性情論 from the philosophical viewpoint. But, from the medical viewpoint of "Dong Eui Su Se Bo Won 東醫壽世保元", he understood them on the basis of vital energy theory. That is, sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure are expression of advance or reverse of nature vital-energy 性氣 and emotion vital-energy 情氣. 6. The rising and falling action principle of four energy presentations (sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure) which produces and helps each other is an identical principles of Sa Sang Medicine, distinguished from the Oh-Haeng 五行 circulating principle in Nae Kyung Medicine. Through this principle, Lee Jae-Ma explained the viscera physiology of human body, pathology & diagnosis and pharmacology.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2006.05a
• /
• pp.573-576
• /
• 2006

Recently, the standard work of the copyright of the Digital content is not completed. And the content providers are developing self's copyright protecting technique. here is some problem such as the confusion existed in the copyright protecting and management system. The reason is that the company using different technique when developing the Digital Contents. Now, there is a standard working leaded by the MPEG. It's called MPEG-21 Multimedia framework and the REL is parted of the Intellectual Property Management and Protection included the framework. And the REL's standard working is completed. The Intellectual Property Management and Protection system contain license server, tool server, metadate server and consume server. In this paper, In order to management and protect the Digital Content copyright, We applying the REL, One of the contents of the MPEG-21 framework to design and implementation the License Server manage the settlement and the consumption information and the Tool Server manage and transport the Tools used from Digital Contents formation to the Digital Contents consumption.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.15-21
• /
• 2015

Natural gas fuel has known to be very promising in terms of abundancy and economic value. Therefore it is widely treated as research topics in a variety field of production, storage and utilization. Natural gas has become one of the major sources for the power generation by using internal combustion engines(ICE). Development of natural gas fuel injection device should be preceded to realize a reliable natural gas fuel supply system for a MW class power generation reciprocating ICE. In this research, an injection valve which consists of solenoid and body part with a moving plate was designed and its dynamic performance was experimented in the engine-like environment. As a result of the experiments, linearity of flow rate was obtained and overall around 2ms of response time was observed at the pressure difference of 1bar. In addition, more than 100Liter/min(@2Hz) of gas flow rate was witnessed, which is expected to be adequate for the fuel supply system of a MW class natural gas engine.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.422-429
• /
• 2007

Location awareness is one of the key functionalities to build an U-city. Recently, many of works of the location-aware systems are emerging to commercially apply to on-going large-scale apartment complex based on U-city. As dwellers or cars being attached with active tags are moving in the U-city complex, the active tags periodically broadcast their own identifiers and receivers fixed along the street or in building use those information to calculate location of them. There are several issues to be considered for such an environment. The first is that the number of active tags operating in the same region are large as much as tens of thousands, and the second is that the active tags should be alive without change of batteries more than a year, hence low power consumption is very important. In this paper we propose i) a new architecture for location-aware system considering such issues, ii) technical issues to implement it using active tags, and iii) a mathematical analytic model to investigate overall performance and verify it by comparing with actual experimental results. Through the analysis we can show the theoretical boundary of the lowest packet loss rate and the maximum number of tags with acceptable performance for the systems based on active tags. The results can be applied to practical design of location-based systems of U-City projects.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.109-126
• /
• 2018

With massive and dense production, the livestock industry is rapidly moving into a large-scale, capital-intensive industry especially in swine, poultry, and ducks. However, livestock epidemics can pose a serious threat to the livestock industry and the lives of the people. The government has established and operates the National Animal Protection and Prevention System (KAHIS) since 2013 in order to control the threat, in accordance with the five stages. The digitalized data and information are excellent in ease of management, but it is also pointed out that it is difficult to take countermeasures through linkage with the data in an emergency situation. Recently, the technology of the fourth industrial revolution such as Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, Artificial intelligence (AI) has been rapidly implemented to the livestock industry, which makes smart livestock disease control system possible. Therefore, this study investigated the domestic and overseas cases which apply 4th Industrial Revolution technology in the industry, and derived 13 possible candidate tasks in the near future. In order to ascertain the priority of policy formulation, we surveyed the expert groups and examined the priority of each of the five stages of the prevention and the priority of each stage. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the establishment of policies for the advancement of smart livestock disease control research and livestock protection.