• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2020

Background: Scapular winging (SW) could be caused by tightness or weakness of the periscapular muscles. Although data mining techniques are useful in classifying or predicting risk of musculoskeletal disorder, predictive models for risk of musculoskeletal disorder using the results of clinical test or quantitative data are scarce. Objects: This study aimed to (1) investigate the difference between young women with and without SW, (2) establish a predictive model for presence of SW, and (3) determine the cutoff value of each variable for predicting the risk of SW using the decision tree method. Methods: Fifty young female subjects participated in this study. To classify the presence of SW as the outcome variable, scapular protractor strength, elbow flexor strength, shoulder internal rotation, and whether the scapula is in the dominant or nondominant side were determined. Results: The classification tree selected scapular protractor strength, shoulder internal rotation range of motion, and whether the scapula is in the dominant or nondominant side as predictor variables. The classification tree model correctly classified 78.79% (p = 0.02) of the training data set. The accuracy obtained by the classification tree on the test data set was 82.35% (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The classification tree showed acceptable accuracy (82.35%) and high specificity (95.65%) but low sensitivity (54.55%). Based on the predictive model in this study, we suggested that 20% of body weight in scapular protractor strength is a meaningful cutoff value for presence of SW.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2021

Objective : Classification systems for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) have traditionally focused on the morphological characteristics of ossification. Although the classification describes many clinical features associated with the shape of the ossification, including the concept of spondylosis seems necessary because of the similarity in age distribution. Methods : Patients diagnosed with OPLL who presented with increase signal intensity (ISI) on magnetic resonance imaging were surgically treated in our department. The patients were divided into two groups (pure versus degenerative) according to the presence of disc degeneration. Results : Of 141 patients enrolled in this study, more than half (61%) were classified into the degenerative group. The pure group showed a profound male predominance, early presentation of myelopathy, and a different predilection for ISI compared to the degenerative group. The mean canal compromise ratio (CC) of the ISI was 47% in the degenerative group versus 61% in the pure group (p<0.0000). On the contrary, the global and segment motions were significantly larger in the degenerative group (p<0.0000 and p=0.003, respectively). The canal diameters and global angles did not differ between groups. Conclusion : Classifying cervical OPLL based on the presence of combined disc degeneration is beneficial for understanding the disorder's behavior. CC appears to be the main factor in the development of myelopathy in the pure group, whereas additional dynamic factors appear to affect its development in the degenerative group.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.475-498
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• 2024

The prediction of the susceptibility of soil to liquefaction using a limited set of parameters, particularly when dealing with highly unbalanced databases is a challenging problem. The current study focuses on different ensemble learning classification algorithms using highly unbalanced databases of results from in-situ tests; standard penetration test (SPT), shear wave velocity (V_s) test, and cone penetration test (CPT). The input parameters for these datasets consist of earthquake intensity parameters, strong ground motion parameters, and in-situ soil testing parameters. liquefaction index serving as the binary output parameter. After a rigorous comparison with existing literature, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), bagging, and random forest (RF) emerge as the most efficient models for liquefaction instance classification across different datasets. Notably, for SPT and V_s-based models, XGBoost exhibits superior performance, followed by Light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) and Bagging, while for CPT-based models, Bagging ranks highest, followed by Gradient boosting and random forest, with CPT-based models demonstrating lower G_mean(error), rendering them preferable for soil liquefaction susceptibility prediction. Key parameters influencing model performance include internal friction angle of soil (ϕ) and percentage of fines less than 75 µ (F₇₅) for SPT and V_s data and normalized average cone tip resistance (q_c) and peak horizontal ground acceleration (a_max) for CPT data. It was also observed that the addition of V_s measurement to SPT data increased the efficiency of the prediction in comparison to only SPT data. Furthermore, to enhance usability, a graphical user interface (GUI) for seamless classification operations based on provided input parameters was proposed.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권9호
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• pp.1097-1105
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• 2002

목 적 : 평소 건강한 학동전 아동에서 심전도 집단 검진을 이용한 WPW 증후군의 유병률을 조사하였고 심전도 이상 소견에 따른 WPW 증후군 유형을 분류하고 각 유형에 따른 심실 및 심중격 운동 이상 소견을 심초음파 검사로 관찰하였다. 방 법: 1999년 4월부터 2001년 8월까지 전북지역 4-7세 사이의 유치원생 77,824명을 대상으로 실시한 심전도 집단 검사에서 WPW 증후군으로 진단된 아동을 대상으로 심전도상 이상 소견에 따른 세부 분류와 심초음파 검사상 심벽 운동의 이상 여부를 조사하였다. 결 과: 총 77,824명 중 WPW 증후군으로 진단된 환아는 23명으로 유병률은 2.9/10,000명이었다. 대상 환아의 평균 연령은 5.4세이었고, 남아는 13명 여아는 10명으로 남녀비의 의의있는 차이는 보이지 않았다. 빈맥의 기왕력을 가진 환아는 2명이었으며, 2명의 환아는 남매간으로 가족력 소견을 보였다. Rosenbaum 등에 의한 부전도로 추정 위치에 따른 분류로 A형은 5명(21.8%), B형은 18명(78.2%)이었다. Boineau 등의 분류에 의한 I군 18명(78.2%), IV군은 3명(13.0%), III, V군은 각각 1명(4.3%)이었고, II군은 관찰되지 않았다. Gallagher 등의 분류에 의한 유형 중 1형 4명(17.3%), 2형 12명(52.1%), 3형, 5형, 6형, 10형은 각각 1명(4.3%), 9형은 3명(13.0%), 4형, 7형, 8형은 관찰되지 않았다. 19명의 환아에게 실시한 심초음파 검사에서 5명의 A형 환아 중 4명의 환아에서 좌심실 후벽의 초기 수축기 전방운동 소견을 보였으며, B형 환아 14명 중 12명의 환아에서 심중격의 초기 수축기 후방운동 소견이 관찰되었다. 결 론 : 학동전기 아동에서 WPW 증후군의 유병율은 10,000당 2.9명이었다. 심전도상 부전도로의 위치는 우심실이 우세하여 이전의 보고와 다른 소견을 보였고, 심초음파 검사 소견상 대부분의 무증상 WPW 증후군 환아에서 이상 심실운동 소견이 관찰되었다. WPW 증후군에서 부전도로의 위치를 추정할 수 있는 비침습적 검사 방법으로 심전도 소견 및 심초음파 검사가 이용될 수 있다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1457-1465
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• 2019

3D convolution is to stack multiple consecutive frames to form a cube, and then apply the 3D convolution kernel in the cube. In this structure, each feature map of the convolutional layer is connected to multiple adjacent sequential frames in the previous layer, thus capturing the motion information. However, due to the changes of pedestrian posture, motion and position, the convolution at the same place is inappropriate, and when the 3D convolution kernel is convoluted in the time domain, only time domain features of three consecutive frames can be extracted, which is not a good enough to get action information. This paper proposes an action recognition method based on feature fusion of 3D convolutional neural network. Based on the VGG16 network model, sending a pre-acquired optical flow image for learning, then get the time domain features, and then the feature of the time domain is extracted from the features extracted by the 3D convolutional neural network. Finally, the behavior classification is done by the SVM classifier.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.35-46
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• 2016

Purpose: This paper aims to analyse the composition system of architectural elements including shape, kinetic and material elements of kinetic facades and establish the design parameter system as a common conceptual and practical knowledge sharing platform with mechanical and electrical experts. Method: This research has been conducted in a three steps. At first, 120 cases of external shading devices are analyzed and their classification criteria have been established. Secondly geometric, kinetic and material elements are categorized in a common kinetic facade coordinates system considering environmental effects and operation method, and the applicability of combination of each element are tested. Lastly core design parameters for each element have been established in a common office building installation coordinate. Result: Geometry elements are categorized into seven geometric shapes and kinetic elements is categorized into basic linear and rotational motion and combinational folding and rolling motion. The combined set of parameters for three elements composes the whole design parameters for architectural elements of kinetic façade. Design parameters of shape elements are composed of shape, installation and arrangement parameters; design parameters for kinetic elements are composed of axis and range parameters; and design parameters of material elements are composed of thermal, lighting and color parameters.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1122-1127
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• 2017

The purpose of this case study was to identify the effects of posteroanterior (PA) mobilization on the cervical spine in a patient with chronic whiplash-associated disorder (WAD). The subject of this study was a 58-year-old woman who sustained a chronic WAD as a result of a motor vehicle accident two years prior. The subject has progressively worsening neck pain and stiffness. The subject was determined to have a grade IIb WAD the use of the Modified Quebec Classification. The intervention was central and unilateral PA mobilization on the spinous process of C4 and C5. The PA mobilizations were performed at the end of range to Maitland grade IV. The PA mobilization was conducted once daily for a total of eight days. Two sets of measurements were done one before and one after the intervention. Neck pain, cervical stiffness, range of motion and lordosis of the cervical spine were measured. Experimental intervention decreased the neck pain, and increased the neck stiffness and cervical ROM (range of motion) such as flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation. X-ray photographs also represented that cervical curvature increased from $35^{\circ}$ to $40^{\circ}$. This study suggested that PA cervical mobilization applied to hronic WAD is effective in decreasing pain, increasing cervical ROM and cervical curvature.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.56-59
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• 2001

We have constructed a multi-channel SQUID magnetometer system for localization and classification of magnetic targets. Ten SQUID magnetometers were arranged to measure 5 independent components of 3 $\times$ 3 magnetic field gradient tensor. To get gradient from the difference of magnetic field measurements, we carefully balanced magnetometers. SQUIDs with slotted washer were used for operation in an unshielded laboratory environment, and noise characteristic in the laboratory was measured. With the multi-channel SQUID magnetometer system, we have successfully traced the motion of a bar magnet moving around it at a distance of about 1 m. In the urban environment, the drift of uniform magnetic field due to the irregular motion of a large magnetic body at distance and earth field causes an error in the position calculation, and this results in the distortion of the calculated trajectory. In this paper, we present the architecture and the performance of the system.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2009년도 학술대회
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• pp.21-26
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• 2009

유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경의 급속한 발전은 Multi-Sensor를 이용하여 자동으로 사용자의 행동인식을 가능한 환경을 만들어주었다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 사용자가 일상생활을 하는데 있어서 기본적으로 필요한 행동인 ADL(activities of daily living)의 수행능력을 분석하고 진단할 수 있는 Multi-Sensor기반의 ADL 자동 진단 시스템을 구축하였다. 두 개의 가속도 센서를 허벅지와 손목에 부착하여 사용자의 행동 정보를 수집하고 이를 Decision-Tree를 통하여 분석하여 사용자의 행동 정보를 수집하였다. 또한 Zigbee 센서를 이용하여 개별 물체의 Object ID를 이용하여 사용자의 위치정보와 주변의 물체의 정보를 수집하여 사용자의 상태 정보를 수집하였다. 이렇게 수집된 행동 정보와 상태 정보들을 통하여 일상생활에 필요한 약 20여 가지의 행동을 인식하였고 평균적으로 96%이상의 정확도를 나타내었으며 이를 통하여 ADL 지수를 자동으로 측정하였다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2003

교통사고의 증가로 심한 경골 고평부 골절이 점진적으로 증가되는 양상이며, 경골 고평부 골절 후 동반손상의 적절한 치료, 해부학적 정복 및 견고한 고정, 조기 관절운동이 좋은 예후를 보이며 외상성 관절염을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.