• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 1995

Plants of G. furcata were divided into four variant populations. The habit characteristics, external and internal morphology were analysed quantitatively in order to clarify their morphological variation. Among four variant populations, type I(typical G. furcata type) and type II(G. furcata f. intricata type) may be influenced by the time when the develop from the crustose basal discs and the tidal level. Type III is the immature plants, and type IV (G. furcata f. coliformis type) is a G. furcata population in late spring after the luxuriant season. For the reason, the formas of G. furcata f. intricata and f. coliformis are no more valid in Gloiopeltis furcata.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.137-153
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• 2024

This study introduces a new approach in Korean morphological analysis combining dictionary-based techniques with Transformer-based deep learning models. The key innovation is the use of a BERT-based reranking system, significantly enhancing the accuracy of traditional morphological analysis. The method generates multiple suboptimal paths, then employs BERT models for reranking, leveraging their advanced language comprehension. Results show remarkable performance improvements, with the first-stage reranking achieving over 20% improvement in error reduction rate compared with existing models. The second stage, using another BERT variant, further increases this improvement to over 30%. This indicates a significant leap in accuracy, validating the effectiveness of merging dictionary-based analysis with contemporary deep learning. The study suggests future exploration in refined integrations of dictionary and deep learning methods as well as using probabilistic models for enhanced morphological analysis. This hybrid approach sets a new benchmark in the field and offers insights for similar challenges in language processing applications.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.76-80
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• 1998

Generally, the papillary carcinoma generally has a favorable prognosis, and several variants of pathologic heterogeneity are recognized. Variants that are regarded as more aggressive are tall cell, columnar cell, and diffuse sclerosing types. Seventeen cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma showing clinically aggressive behavior, invading extrathyroidal structures, were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the morphological variants of the tumors. Six of them were found to be pure papillary and nine were mixed types regarded as non-aggressive variants. Four cases were found to be tall cell variants, two cases of non-extrathryoidal invasion and two of extrathyroidal invasion regarded as aggressive variants. Our findings suggest that the prognosis of papillary carcinoma not always be based on its morphological variant and more attention should be given to other clinical parameters.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.105-116
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• 2019

Objectives : There are many secluded Chinese characters - so called Byeokja (僻字) in ancient classic literature, and Chinese characters that are not registered in Unicode and Variant characters (heterogeneous characters) that cannot be found in the current font sets often appear. In order to register all possible Chinese characters including such characters as units of information exchange, this study attempts to propose a method to encode the morphological information of Chinese characters according to certain rules. Methods : This study suggests the methods to encode the connection between the nodules constituting the Chinese character and the coordinates of the nodules. In addition to that, rules for expressing information about curves, expressions of aspect ratios of characters, rules for minimizing coordinate lines, and rules for expressing aggregation status of character components are added. Results : Through the proposed method, it is possible to generate codes of a certain length by extracting only information expressing the morphological configuration of characters. Conclusions : The method of character encoding proposed in this study can be used to distinguish variant characters with small variations in Byeokja, new Chinese characters and character strokes and to store and search them.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.428-434
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• 2023

Pulmonary veins (PVs) and their myocardial sleeves play an important role in the development of atrial fibrillation. Hence, detailed knowledge of PV anatomy is required to improve the procedural success rate and prevent complications during cardiac procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the PV anatomy along with anatomical variations in the Indian population. Total 100 formalin fixed cadaveric hearts were examined. The number and pattern of the PVs were observed along with the measurement of their horizontal and vertical diameters. The ovality index for each PV was calculated. Classical PV pattern was observed in 62% cases. Variant pattern like additional right middle PV pattern and left common PV pattern were found in 20% and 10% cases respectively. A separate pattern with presence of both right middle PV and left common PV was observed in 6% cases. In the classical pattern right superior PV was the largest followed by right inferior, left superior and left inferior PV. The additional right middle PV had the smallest diameter whereas the left common PV had the largest diameter. Almost all the veins had greater vertical diameters in comparison to horizontal diameters. The variant PVs were oval and had greater ovality index compared to the normal PVs. In classical pattern 54.8% hearts whereas in variant pattern 79% hearts had one or more oval PV. The given data can help clinicians for planning and execution of various interventional and electrophysiological procedures involving PVs.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.83-89
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• 1988

The Fucales plants have very homogenous taxonomic characteristics at order level, but show many morphological variatations at species or subspecies levels. This study is one of the serial works to obtain more taxonomic data than morphotaxonomic ones and to clarify the taxonomic ranks and characteristics of Korean Fucales plants through physiological and biochemical analyses. Total lipid compositions of Korean Fucales plants were analyzed by the 3-dimensional TLC method. Major components of phospholipids (PA, PC, PG, PE, DPG, LPE, LPC), neutral fat TG and sterols were commonly contained in each species. Unknown lipids X1, X2 and X3 were contained in genus Sargassum, but Hizikia was lacking X3 and Myagropsis was lacking both X2 and X3. The latter contained unique X8. From the view-point of the phylogeny of lipid metabolism, Sargassum might be more closely related to Hizikia than to Myagropsis. A variant of S. patens from Seongsan showed minute metabolic difference from that of the typical plant; but a variant of S. serratifolium did not show any significant difference from that of the typical plant.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.60-64
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• 2004

The macrofollicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (MVPC) is characterized by macrofollicles occupying more than half of the tumor and demonstrating nuclear features of classic papillary carcinoma. It is difficult to recognize on fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology due to the paucity of aspirated neoplastic cell clusters, especially when the tumor is associated with extensive areas of hemorrhage. Case: A 34-year-old female presented with a well-demarcated nodule in the thyroid gland, diagnosed as a benign nodule on ultrasonography and computed tomography. FNA cytology smear revealed a few small aggregates of follicular cells with morphological features suspicious for papillary carcinoma, set in a background of hemorrhage, inflammatory cells, and hemosiderin-laden macrophages. Intraoperative frozen section revealed macrofollicular nests filled with hemorrhage and composed of follicular cells demonstrating nuclear clearing and grooves. Conclusion: MVPC is a rare but distinctive variant of papillary carcinoma, which is easily mistaken for adenomatous goiter or benign macrofollicular neoplasm on radiologic findings. The cytopathologist should alert oneself on encountering benign radiologic findings and any smear composed of scant numbers of follicular cells with nuclear features suspicious for papillary carcinoma despite the bland-looking background of hemorrhage and hemosiderin-laden macrophages, and recommend intraoperative frozen sections for a definite diagnosis.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.370-377
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• 2024

Anticipating a wide range of morphological variations of arterial anatomy of foregut derivatives beyond the classical pattern, a precise understanding is pertinent to preoperative diagnosis, operative procedure and to avoid potentially devastating post-operative outcome during various traumatic and non-traumatic vascular insult of foregut. The study aimed to revisit the morphological details and update unusual configurations of arteries of foregut to establish clinico-anatomical correlations. This study described the detailed branching pattern of coeliac trunk (CT) as principal artery of foregut with source & course of hepatic, gastric, duodenal and pancreatic branches in 58 cadaveric dissections. Based on morphology, different types and subtypes were made. The descriptions were explained using figures and pertinent tables. Among classical branches of CT, splenic artery was found as most stable whereas other two branches were found to be most variable with missing common hepatic artery in 11 cases. In addition to classical trifurcation (65.52%), different types of bifurcation (12.07%) and tetrafurcations (22.41%) of CT were observed. Regarding variations of hepatic arteries (27.59%), both non-classical origin and accessory hepatic branches were found. In case of gastric branches, more variant origins were seen with right gastric (50%) as compared to left gastric artery (34.48%). Other morphological variations included non-classical origin of gastro-duodenal artery (18.96%) along with presence of accessory pancreatic (17.13%) and duodenal arteries (6.38%). Awareness of anatomical variations regarding circulatory dynamics of foregut is worth knowing in order to facilitate successful planning of surgery involving upper abdominal organs with least complications.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.12-15
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• 2018

Digastric and stylohyoid muscles are located in the suprahyoid region. There have been few studies about the general morphology of stylohyoid muscle and its relationship with digastric muscle. During routine educational dissection, unusual insertion of bilateral stylohyoid muscle was found in the cadaver of a 92-year-old Korean male, whose cause of death was 'aspiration pneumonia'. Stylohyoid muscle arose from the styloid process, and inserted onto the intermediate tendon of digastric muscle and the hyoid bone on both sides. Each digastric muscle normally consists of an anterior belly, intermediate tendon and a posterior belly. In this cadaver, there were two anterior bellies on right side while one anterior belly was found on left side. Stylohyoid muscle ran medial to the intermediate tendon of digastric muscle on both sides. The anatomical relationship between stylohyoid and digastric muscles was reviewed based on morphological and embryological point of view.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.111-121
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• 2014

This study was aimed to select useful mutants of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and leaf mustard (Brassica juncea L.), the seeds of three lines S-14, S-27, and S-28 were treated with gamma-ray and EMS. The optimum ranges of gamma-ray dose and EMS concentration to enlarge the characteristic morphological variations were also separately investigated. The survival rates of S-28 only linearly decreased with increasing the gamma-ray dose. The overall growth parameters decreased of gamma-ray dose in all three lines of S-14, S-27, and S-28. The reduction dosage 50 of gamma-ray was identified as 1,200 Gy for S-14 leaf mustard, while those of S-27 and S-28 rapeseed lines were appeared as same 1,000 Gy. The emergence rates of S-14 and S-27 showed no significant differences by EMS treatment, while the growth of all three lines were significantly decreased. The reduction concentration 50 in S-14 could not be determined, demonstrating that this leaf mustard line is presumably insensitive to mutagenic EMS, while those in S-27 and S-28 were identified as 3.0 and 2.5%, respectively, showing that these rapeseed lines possess higher sensitivity to EMS than S-14. Various morphological characteristics of $M_1$ generation obtained from mutagen treatment were elaborately investigated for further maintenance of $M_2$ generation. In $M_2$ generation variants showing short stem, yellow color in seed coat, chlorophyll deficiencies in leaf or pod, abnormal flower color were selected as potentially useful mutants for breeding.