• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.467-470
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• 1997

Hibernoma is a rare, benign soft tissue tumor that is derived from the remnants of fetal brown tissue. The term hibernoma was proposed in 1914 by Cery because of its morphologic similarity to the cel s of the so-called hibernating gland of animals. The most common site of hibernomas is the subcutaneous tissue of the back, especially the interscapular area. These tumors are considered benign and malignant transformation has not been reported. We experienced a case of hibernoma, 60-year-old woman had suffered from the palpable mass without pain or tenderness on posterolateral lower chest wall, left. The tumor was extirpated under the impression of angiolipoma, but was confirmed hibernoma. She was discharged without complication.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.387-393
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• 2006

Progressing to the iron deficiency anemia was experimentally induced in 4 clinically healthy dogs by repeated phlebotomy to characterize hematologic features, serum iron values, and RBC indices. Abnormal RBC morphologies were also evaluated semiquantitatively on Wright's-stained blood films. Hematologic abnormalities in early stage of anemia included decreased both hematocrit and hemoglobin, and reticulocytosis, with no changes in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were represented. In intermediate stage, decreased serum iron concentration with microcytosis and hypochromia were prominent. In late stage, red cell distribution width and Mentzer's index were out of reference ranges in the majority of dogs. In this study microcytic anemia was appeared at the hemoglobin range of 5.1-7.2 g/dl. On most sampling days, platelet counts and white blood cells were within the reference ranges, with some minor variations. Iron deficiency was not necessarily associated with microcytic anemia. Judging from the sequential changes of both MCV and MCHC, 3 patterns of anemia were sequentially observed: initially normocytic normochromic, intermediate normocytic hypochromic or normocytic normochormic, and finally microcytic hypochromic. The most frequent morphologic abnormalities were target cells. Occasional elliptocyte, acanthocyte, stomatocyte, kinzocyte, dacrocyte and schistocyte were also noted on the blood films.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.213-217
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• 2017

A 1-year and 8-month-old male, thoroughbred horse showed fever ($39.8^{\circ}C$), cardiac murmur, tachycardia up to 80 beats/min, anorexia, depression and lameness for about 2 months. The dead horse was referred to pathology laboratory at the College of Veterinary Medicine in Jeju National University. At necropsy, Severe protruding multiple rough cauliflower-like yellowish red nodules ranged $5{\sim}6{\times}2{\sim}3cm$ in size were attached on the mitral valve of the left heart. A yellowish red long stick-shaped thrombus $15{\times}3.5{\times}1.5cm$ in size was also present inside the right ventricle. Multifocal infarcts were scattered in the myocardium and renal cortex. Histopathologic examination revealed that morphologic diagnosis were vegetative endocarditis, thrombus in right ventricle, infarcts in myocardium and kidney, pulmonary congestion and edema, and splenic congestion. The isolated bacteria from vegetative lesions and thrombus were confirmed as Escherichia (E.) coli based on the bacterial culture and VITEK 2 system. Based on the gross and histopathologic features, and bacterial test, this case was diagnosed as vegetative endocarditis with thrombus formation associated by E. coli in a thoroughbred horse.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 1992

Embryonic and postembryonic chicken lenses have been analyzed morphologically to investigate the differentiation of the lens fibers by light and electron microscopes. Morphogenesis of the chick lens was initiated as lens epithelial cells were proliferated and proceeded to elongate the cells characteristically at posterior side, by which the disintegrations of nuclei were accompanied during the early developmental stages. Primary and secondary lens fibers were identified at the late developmental stages, while interconnections between neigh-boring cells well developed and denucleation commenced. On day of hatching, the chicken lens fibers contained few cell organelles within the cytoplasm and showed the homogeneity of cytoplasmic appearance. On day 10 of hatching, the lens were fully differentiated; fiber cells, in which most cell organelles except polysomes were disappeared, showed a slender and elongated prismatic shape. At that stage gap junctions were particularly developed or cytoplasmic ridges are closely interlocked between adjoining cells. In conclusion, differentiation of chick lens involves the division of epithelial cells, the elongation into fiber cells, the loss of cell organelles and the increase of gap junction.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 1991

Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology (FNA) is an important diagnostic tool in the management of thyroid nodule. Especially, papillary carcinoma of the thyroid has distinct morphologic features that allow a definite cytologic diagnosis with high degree of accuracy. We examined the characteristic cytologic features of 57 cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, and their frequency and diagnostic significance were evaluated. The results obtained are summerized as follows; 1. In pattern of cellular arrangement, papillary structure with or without stroma is predominant feature (96%). 2. In individual cell morphology, grooved nuclei (95%), intranuclear cytoplasmic invagination (89%) and nuclear lobulation (74%) are most frequent and important cytologic findings. 3. Chromatin pattern is usually fine. Coarse chromatin is infrequent finding (37%). Nucleoli are inconspicuous. Cytoplasm us plump and distinctly eosinophilic. 4. Psammoma bodies are identified only in 4 cases (7%), but they are considered as helpful diagnostic features. 5. There are other associated findings including multinucleated giant cells (51%), macrophages (37%) and cystic degeneration (16%).

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.154-159
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• 1994

Pulmonary giant cell carcinoma is one of the most highly malignant neoplasms of the lung. Although mixed malignant glandular or squamous components may be associated with a giant cell carcinoma, it is a distinct clinical and morphologic entity. We reviewed cytologic presentations of 6 cases of pulmonary giant ceil carcinoma. Cytologically, the single most characteristic feature of giant cell carcinoma was an extremely large, bizarre cancer cell engulfing numerous leukocytes. The nuclei of these cells showed occasional prominent nucleoli, and the cytoplasm was abundant. Giant cells were also seen in other types of pulmonary carcinoma, but the slant cells of this neoplasm could be differentiated from those encountered in undifferentiated large cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma by the abundant cytoplasm, the presence of markedly enlarged nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and a significant degree of phagocytosis. In conclusion, precise diagnosis and classification of lung cancer is imperative because of proved correlation between cell type and prognosis.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1994

The cytological and ultrastructural findings of Pneumocystis carinii(PC) obtained from rats by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) are described. All developmental forms of the PC organisms were obtained in the lavage fluid. Papanicolaou stain revealed conglomeration of PC as a foamy cast. The cystic walls of PC were well identified on Gomori's methenamine silver stain. Trophozoites and intracystic bodies were stained by Giemsa and Diff-Quik techniques. Some PC organisms were seen within the alveolar macrophages. Ultrastructurally, the cysts were almost circular in shape, and were nearly devoid of surface tubular extensions. The wall of the cyst was composed of an unit membrane, an intermediate electron lucent layer and an external electron dense layer The cysts frequently contained intracystic bodies, so called sporozoites. Occasionally empty or collapsed cysts with no intracystic bodies, and precysts were found. Trophozoites were variable in size and shape with abundant tubular extensions along the single electron dense pellicle. BAL is a useful method for concentrating the various morphologic forms of PC organisms, and is a rapid diagnostic method for PC pneumonia.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.130-136
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• 1994

Urinary cytology is increasingly accepted as a diagnostic tool in the detection and follow-up of patients with bladder cancer. However, its value is reduced by several limitations, especially by the lack of cytologic criteria specifically reflecting the morphology of low-grade urothelial neoplasm. We reviewed histologically proven 50 cases of urine cytology with emphasis on cytologic findings of benign atypia and differential findings of urothelial neoplasm according to the grade. The diagnoses included 17 benign lesions(including 5 cases of urine calculi) and 33 malignant lesions (including 28 transitional cell carcinomas, 3 squamous cell carcinomas, 1 adenocarcinoma and 1 prostate adenocarcinoma), Diagnostic accuracy was 92%. Important cytodiagnostic criteria for benign atypia and low grade malignancy were cellularity, number of cell clusters, and morphology and arrangement of urothelial cells. The cytologic findings of urothelial neoplasms according to histologic grade were relatively well correlated with the histologic findings. However, the cytologic criteria were not sufficient to readily distinguish grade I from grade II. In view of this, we think that cytologic nomenclature "low-grade" and "high-grade" is a more reliable criterion. Recognition of subtle cellular morphologic features specific for urothelial lesions(including benign or malignancy) and proper fixation, processing and staining of specimen can expand the role of urinary cytology In detection and follow-up of patients.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.54-57
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• 2013

Malignant triton tumor(MTT) is a rare type of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor(MPNST) with focal rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. MTT constitutes about 5% of all MPNSTs and described the first case of a MTT in a patient with Von Recklinghausen disease by Masson in 1932. MTT is commonly seen in the head, neck, extremities and trunk. It can occur in sporadic form or over a setting of neurofibromatosis-1(NF-1). The diagnosis can be confirmed based on morphologic grounds supported by an immunostain such as S-100 protein. Desmin, myo-D1 and myogenin are immunostains positive for rhabdomyoblasts. MTT has an aggressive biological behavior so prognosis of this rare and highly malignant tumor is poor and optimal treatment remains unclear. But modern treatment consisted of radical excision and postoperative radiotherapy has improved the prognosis of such cases.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.51-62
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• 2006

Purpose : The purposes of this study were to test the effect of proprioceptive and vestibular sensory input on expression of BDNF after traumatic brain injury in the rat. Subject : The control group was sacrificed at 24 hours after traumatic brain injury. The experimental group I was housed in standard cage for 7 days. The experimental group II was housed in standard cage after intervention to proprioceptive and vestibular sensory(balance training) for 7 days. Method : Traumatic brain injury was induced by weight drop model and after operation they were housed in individual standard cages for 24 hours. After 7th day, rats were sacrificed and cryostat coronal sections were processed individual1y in goat polyclonal anti-BDNF antibody. The morphologic characteristics and the BDNF expression were investigated in injured hemisphere section and contralateral brain section from immunohistochemistry using light microscope. Result : The results of this experiment were as follows: 1. In control group, cell bodies in lateral nucleus of cerebellum, superior vestibular nucleus, purkinje cell layer of cerebellum and pontine nucleus changed morphologically. 2. The expression of BDNF in contralateral hemisphere of group II were revealed. 3. On 7th day after operation, immunohistochemical response of BDNF in lateral nucleus, superior vestibular nucleus, purkinje cell layer and pontine nucleus appeared in group II. Conclusion : The present results revealed that intervention to proprioceptive and vestibular sensory input is enhance expression of BDNF and it is useful in neuronal reorganization improvement after traumatic brain injury.