• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제89권4호
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• pp.527-535
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• 2000

감자전분젤을 매개로 한 수평식 전기영동장치를 이용하여 은행나무(Ginkgo biloba L.)의 megagametophyte로부터 15개 동위효소의 변이가 분석되었다. 분석된 효소 가운데서 ADH, G6PD, IDH, MPI, UGPP의 5개 효소에서는 변이가 나타나지 않았으며, 나머지 10개 효소의 11개 동위효소 구역(ACON-A, FST-B, GDH-A, GOT-B, MDH-B, MDH-C, MNR-A, PGI-B, PGM-A, 6PGD-B, SKDH-B)에서 다형성이 관찰되었다. 이중 MDH-B를 제외한 모든 구역에서 관찰된 동위효소 변이들이 1 : 1의 독립적 분리비를 보임으로써, 이들이 단일 유전자좌에 의해 조절되는 공우성 대립유전자임을 추정할 수 있었다. 한편, 동위효소 유전자좌의 3가지 조합(ACON-A : MDH-B, GOT-B : PGI-B, MNR-A : SKDH-B)에서 약한 연관관계가 관찰되었으며, 이들의 재조합 비율은 0.38-0.40로 계산되었다 (p<0.05).

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.69-78
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• 1998

There is a lot of difficulty in the diagnosis of follicular lesions of the thyroid by fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC). The main purpose of this report is offering more guidance regarding the cytologic appearance to distinguish follicular neoplasm from nodular golfer and laying stress on the presence of mixed group. The histologic and cytologic findings of 23 follicular neoplasms and 13 nodular (adenomatous) getters were reviewed. Histologic specimens were classified into the microfollicular(MIF), mixed(MIX), and nodular getter(NG) groups. The comparison of histologic patterns with histologic diagnosis revealed that all the lesions with predominantly microfollicular, trabecular, or solid pattern were follicular carcinoma and all the lesions with predominantly macrofollicular pattern were nodular goiter. The distinguishing cytologic features for the MIF group were irregular cell arrangement in cell groups(100%, p=0.00001), absence of atrophic follicular cells(100%, p=0.0007), abundant microfollicles(100%, 0=0.002), pleomorphic nuclei(100%, p=0.002), not predominant syncytial smear pattern(100%, p=0.002), heterochromatin(100%, p=0.032), absence of macrofollicles(100%, p=0.038), scant colloid(100%, 0=0.04), clear back-ground(83%, p=0.00006), and uniform sized follicles(83%, p=0.014). And regular cell arrangement(honeycomb appearance) in cell groups(85%, p=0.0000), atrophic change of follicular cells(69%, p=0.0002), syncytial smear pattern(54%, p=0.000), monomorphic nuclei(85%, p=0.008), and hemorrhagic background(100%, p=0.027) were characteristic features of the NG group. Seventeen out of 36 cases(47%) were the MIX group composed of combined cytologic features of the MIF and NG groups. Therefore the frequent presence of the MIX group is considered to be main cause of the difficulty in the diagnosis of follicular lesions by FNAC. The mixed morphologic feature may support the hypothesis of a biologic 'continuum' between nodular goiter and follicular neoplasm of thyroid gland.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2006

In the investigation of superficial lymphadenopathy of unknown cause, fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology plays an invaluable role. It enables the differentiation of benign lymphadenopathy from lymphoid and non-lymphoid malignancies, obviating the need for open biopsy, and allowing the triage of patients. Cytopathologists should be familiar with the typical FNA patterns of benign lymphadenopathy, and recognize and differentiate among categories. In a minority of cases of benign lymphadenopathy, FNA can render a specific diagnosis. Benign lymphadenopathies are generally categorized into reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH), inflammatory or infectious processes, and benign lymphoproliferative disorders. RLH characteristically presents with a heterogeneous and polymorphous smear composed of normal cellular constituents of lymph nodes, in contrast with the homogeneous or monomorphic smear of most lymphomas. The caveat is that various malignant disorders may also present with polymorphous populations. It is also important to recognize thatbenign lymphoid smears may sometimes contain atypical cells that raise the suspicion of malignancy. Clinical information should always be the integral part of the diagnostic criteria in FNA of lymphadenopathy. If there is any doubt about the benign nature of the smear, it is prudent to suggest biopsy and ancillary studies.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.210-216
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• 2014

The distribution of S-haplotypes and genetic relationships were evaluated for 47 accessions of 'Danji' radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. hortensis Baker f. gigantissimus Makino) originating from Jeju Island in South Korea. A total of 22 S-haplotype-specific SCAR markers for the S locus glycoprotein (SLG) and S receptor kinase (SRK) loci were tested, and six primer sets amplified locus-specific PCR fragments from at least one 'Danji' radish accession. S5 and S21 alleles atthe SLG locus were the most frequently distributed, and detected from 87.5% and 64.6% of the accessions, respectively. The frequency of the class-II haplotype at the SLG locus was 75%, more frequent than the class-I haplotype. The S23 allele at the SRK locus was detected from 7 accessions. Grouping of the accessions based on S-allele composition revealed three major groups, while 8 accessions showed a unique allelic composition. The genetic diversity of 47 'Danji' radishes and 1 'Gwandong' radish were also evaluated with 38 RAPD primers. A total of 312 bands were scored, and showed that 138 bands (44.2%) were monomorphic among the accessions, whereas 174 (55.8%) bands were polymorphic. Polymorphism rates ranged from 0.2 to 1.0, indicating significant variations in detecting polymorphism across RAPD primers. The genetic similarity coefficients among all pairs of the 48accessions varied from 0.62 to 0.93, and 42% of the comparisons exhibited values higher than 0.85. All the cultivars could be distinguished based on the DNA fingerprints revealed by RAPD. The comparisons between the dendrograms based on S-haplotypes and RAPDs indicate an unrelated and sporadic distribution for several accessions; however, there was a tendency for accessions with the same S-allelic composition to group into the same cluster.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.318-322
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• 1998

Using polyacrylamide-gel isoelectric focusing followed by immunoblotting, genetic polymorphism of plasma vitamin D-binding protein (Gc) was examined in Asian sheep. The Gc polymorphism was revealed in the Khalkhas sheep of Mongolia, consisting of F, S and W variants, and the Yunnan native sheep of China, consisting of F and S variants. In particular, W was a new variant. The V variant detected in European sheep up to now was not observed in these sheep. The Bhyanglung, Baruwal, Kagi and Lampuchhre sheep of Nepal and local sheep of Bangladesh and Vietnam were monomorphic for the S variant. Family data and population genetic data supported the hypothesis that these variants were controlled by codominant alleles. In these Asian sheep, distribution of the $Gc^s$ allele was predominant (0.9571-1) and was seen as well in European sheep (Suffolk, Corriedale, Cheviot and Finnish Landrace) raised in Japan. $Gc^w$ allele was detected only in the Khalkhas sheep with the low frequency of 0.0025. The $Gc^v$ allele was detected in the Suffolk and Corriedale sheep (0.0080 and 0.0682), but not in any of the Asian sheep studied.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.1137-1144
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• 2010

In this study, to examine genetic variability within a breed and genetic relationships between populations/breeds, we genotyped 606 birds from seven Japanese native chicken breeds at seven polymorphic loci of egg white proteins and compared those with Asian native chicken populations and commercial breeds. Genotyping of the Japanese native breeds showed that ovalbumin, two ovoglobulins and ovotransferrin were polymorphic, but ovomacroglobulin, ovoflavoprotein and lysozyme were monomorphic. The proportion of polymorphic loci ($P_{poly}$) and average heterozygosity ($\bar{H}$) within a population ranged from 0.286 to 0.429 and from 0.085 to 0.158, respectively. The coefficient of gene differentiation ($G_{ST}$) was 0.250 in the Japanese native chicken breeds. This estimate was higher than that of Asian native chicken populations ($G_{ST}$ = 0.083) and of commercial breeds ($G_{ST}$ = 0.169). Dendrogram and PCA plot showed that Satsuma-dori, Jitokko, Amakusa-daio and Hinai-dori were closely related to each other and grouped into Asian native chickens and that Tsushima-jidori, Nagoya and Chan (Utaichan) were ramified far from other Japanese native chicken breeds. The egg white protein polymorphisms demonstrated that the population differentiation of the seven Japanese native chicken breeds was relatively large.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.256-261
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• 1996

본 연구는 우리나라의 대표적인 연어과 어류인 은연어, 무지개송어 및 그 잡종3배체의 부화자어에 있어서의 동위효소를 분석하여 부화후 초기의 유전적 특징과 유전현상을 규명하고 이를 토대로 이들 종 및 잡종의 식별을 위한 genetic marker를 찾아보고자 5개의 동위효소에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 이들 중 PGI에서는 종간 차이를 나타내지 않은 반면에 LDH, MDH, IDH 및 PGM 등은 은연어와 무지개송어간에 종 특이적 pattern을 나타내었는데 이는 이들 어종간의 발생 초기에 종의 식별을 위한 유전적 marker로써 유용한 것으로 판단되며, 또한 잡종 및 잡종3배체의 genetic marker로서도 상기 네 가지의 동위효소는 유용한 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.179-182
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• 2013

Human cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) is a well-conserved xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme expressed in liver, kidney, nasal mucosa, brain, lung, and other tissues. CYP2E1 is inducible by ethanol, acetone, and other low-molecular weight substrates and may mediate development of chemically-mediated cancers. CYP2E1 polymorphisms alter the transcriptional activity of the gene. This study was conducted in order to investigate the allele frequency variation in different populations of Andhra Pradesh. Two hundred and twelve subjects belonging to six populations were studied. Genotype and allele frequency were assessed through TaqMan allelic discrimination (rs6413419) and polymerase chain reaction-sequencing (-1295G>C and -1055C>T) after DNA isolation from peripheral leukocytes. The data were compared with other available world populations. The SNP rs6413419 is monomorphic in the present study, -1295G>C and -1055C>T are less polymorphic and followed Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all the populations studied. The -1295G>C and -1055C>T frequencies were similar and acted as surrogates in all the populations. Analysis of HapMap populations data revealed no significant LD between these markers in all the populations. Low frequency of $CYP2E1^*c2$ could be useful in the understanding of south Indian population gene composition, alcohol metabolism, and alcoholic liver disease development. However, screening of additional populations and further association studies are necessary. The heterogeneity of Indian population as evidenced by the different distribution of $CYP2E1^*c2$ may help in understanding the population genetic and evolutionary aspects of this gene.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.651-657
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• 2003

형태적으로 매우 유사한 적조생물 C. polykrikoides, G. impudicum, G. catenatum을 RAPD 방법을 이용하여 유전적 유연관계를 조사했다. 12개의 primer 중 4종류만 선택되었고 증폭된 밴드수는 59개이며 그 크기는 0.2에서 3.0 kb까지였다. C. polykrikoides, G. impudicum, G. catenatum의 다형화된 밴드수는 16개, 8개, 16개로 각각 나타났다. 반면에, 17개의 밴드만 동일하였다. C. polykrikoides, G. impudicum, G. catenatum의 종 특이적인 밴드수는 26개, 34개, 26개로 각각 보였다. C. polykrikoides와 G. impudicum/G. catenatum의 유전적 유사성은 0.83이며, G. impudicum과 G. catenatum은 0.78로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때 형태적으로는 유사하게 보이지만, RAPD 분석에 의하면 C. polykrikoides, G. impudicum, G. catenatum은 현저하게 상이한 적조생물이다. 앞으로 RAPD 기법을 이용하면 이러한 와편모조류의 유전적 변이를 탐색하는데 유용할 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2003

Genetic variation of Perilla germplasms was investigated using RAPD markers. Forty-two Perilla frutescens lines and cultivars collected form locals were subjected to RAPD analysis using 220 primers. Among them only 13 primers showed polymorphic bands and these 13 primers provided a total of 144 bands, consist of 115 polymorphic and 29 monomorphic ones. The polymorphic bands were subjected to phylogenetic analysis using UPGMA and maximum parsimony (MP) methods. In the UPGMA method, similarity coefficiency of 42 Perilla frutescens lines and cultivars ranged from 0 to 0.7842. The dendrogram of 42 lines and cultivars obtained through UPGMA method resulted in two major groups, and the similar clustering pattern was found by MP method, suggesting Perilla germplasms utilized in this study truly can be divided into two major groups. Although the two major groups were consistent roughly with their phenotypes (under of node, weight of 1,000 grains, and oil content), in detail, much inconsistency also was present.