• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2006

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer among men in the developed world affecting the tongue, pharynx, larynx and oral cavity. HNSCC is thought to represent a multistep process whereby carcinogen exposure leads to genetic instability in the tissue and accumulation of specific genetic events, which result in dysregulation of proliferation, differentiation, and cell loss and the acquisition of invasive capacity. Despite therapeutic and diagnostic progress in oncology during the past decades, the prognosis of HNSCC remains poor. Thus it seems that finding a biological tumor markers which will increase the early diagnosis and treatment monitoring rates, is of paramount importance in respect to improving prognosis. In an effort to identify gene expression signatures that may serve as biomarkers, this study several genes were selected, such as H3,3A, S100A7, UCHL1, GSTP1, PAI-2, PLK, TGF${\beta}$1 and bFGF, and used 7 HNSCC cell lines that were established various anatomical sites, and also 17 other cancer cell lines were used for control group using real-time quantitative RT-PCR and immunocytochemical analysis with a monoclonal antibody. In this study, S100A7 showed a clearly restricted occurrence in tongue originated cell line, and GSTP1 expression level in the pharynx originated cell line was very increased, relative to corresponding other cell lines. These results suggest that S100A7 and GSTP1 genes' expression can occur during tongue and pharynx originated head and neck tumorigenesis and that genetic change is an important driving force in the carcinogenesis process. This data indicate that S100A7 and GSTP1 expression pattern in HNSCC reflect both diagnostic clue and biological marker. And this is provides a foundation for the development of site-specific diagnostic strategies and treatments for HNSCC.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.341-347
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• 2020

Objectives: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common types of head and neck cancer. MicroRNAs, as new biomarkers, are recommended for diagnosis and treatment of different types of cancers. Bevacizumab, sold under the trade name Avastin, is a humanized whole monoclonal antibody that targets and blocks VEGF-A (vascular endothelial growth factor A; angiogenesis) and oncogenic signaling pathways. Materials and Methods: This study comprised 50 cases suffering from OSCC and 50 healthy participants. Peripheral blood samples were collected in glass test tubes, and RNA extraction was started immediately. Expression levels of miR-155, miR-191, and miR-494 biomarkers in the peripheral blood of OSCC-affected individuals and healthy volunteers in vivo were evaluated using real-time PCR. The influence of Avastin on the expression levels of the aforementioned biomarkers in vitro and in the HN5 cell line was also investigated. Results: Expression levels of miR-155, miR-191, and miR-494 in the peripheral blood of individuals affected by OSCC were higher than in those who were healthy. Moreover, Avastin at a concentration of 400 μM caused a decrease in the expression levels of the three biomarkers and a 1.5-fold, 3.5-fold, and 4-fold increase in apoptosis in the test samples compared to the controls in the HN5 cell line after 24, 48, and 72 hours, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that overexpression of miR-155, miR-191, and miR-494 is associated with OSCC, and Avastin is able to regulate and downregulate the expression of those biomarkers and increase apoptosis in cancerous cells in the HN5 cell line.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.339-346
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• 2000

연구배경 : 혈액형 A 항원의 발현은 적혈구외에 비뇨기, 위장, 폐, 구강점막 동의 상피세포에도 존재한다. 조직 손상 치유 과정 중 인접 상피세포는 혈액형 A 항원이 소실되고, 상처가 치유되면 혈액형 A 항원은 다시 발현된다. 방광암등의 조직에서도 혈액형 A 항원이 소실될 경우가 발현유지 되는 경우보다 종양의 증식이 활발하다고 보고하였다. 또한 수술한 비소세포폐암의 조직에서 혈액형 A 항원이 소실될 경우 생존율은 불량하다고 보고하였다. 그러나, 이에 반하는 보고도 다수 있어 저자들은 근치적 절제술을 시행 받은 말초 혈액형이 A, AB형인 비소세포폐암에서 혈액형 A항원의 소실여부와 생존율과의 관계를 검색하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 원발성 비소세포폐암으로 진단 받은 후 근치 목적의 절제술을 받았던 환자 76명중 혈액형이 A형, 또는 AB형인 26명을 대상으로 paraffin에 보관된 조직을 면역조직화학염색법을 이용하여 혈액형 A항원의 소실유무을 확인한 후, 발현 및 소실에 따른 생존율은 Kaplan-Meier법, Log-rank로서 검색하였다. 결 과 : 대상군은 26례(A형 : 22례, AB형 : 4례)로 남 : 녀는 20 : 6이었고, 평균연령은 63세였으며, 조직학적으로 편평상피암 16례, 선암 6례, 대세포암 4례였고, TNM병기는 I 16례, II 5례, IIIA 5례였다. 종양조직에서 A항원 발현유지는 15례(58%), A 항원 소실은 11례(42%)였으며, A 항원 발현율과 병리조직형, 조직의 분화도와는 상관관계가 없었다. A항원 발현유지군과 소실군간의 중간 생존기간은 11개월, 18개월이며, 2년 생존률은 36%, 64%로서 A 항원 소실군의 예후가 양호하였으나, 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결 론 : 원발성 비소세포폐암으로 절제수술을 받았던 혈액형이 A형, 또는 AB형인 환자중 조직에서의 A 항원소실은 42%이었고, A항원 소실군이 발현유지군보다 생존율이 길었으나 예후인자로서의 유의성은 찾지 못했다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.157-164
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• 1997

Ly-6E.1 antigen was proposed as a regulatory molecule of T lymphocyte activation, a hematopoietic stem cell marker, a memory cell marker, and an adhesion molecule. Though there were several reports suggesting the presence of Ly-6 ligand, the characterization of the ligand was not yet performed, As an attempt to screen the expression of Ly-6E.1 ligand, we prepared a probe for detecting Ly-6E.1 ligand by producing a fusion protein between Ly-6E.1 and $hlgC_{r1}$, A mammalian cell expression vector with Ly-6E.$1/hlgC_{r1}$ chimeric cDNA was transfected in SP2/0-Ag14 myeloma cells, and stable transfectants were selected. The fusion protein was produced as a dimer and maintained the epitopes for monoclonal antibodies specific for Ly-6E.1 and for anti-human lgG antibody. The purified fusion protein through Gammabind G column was used for FACS analyses for the expression of Ly-6E.1 ligand. The fusion protein interacted with several cell lines originating from B cells, T cells, or monocytes. The fusion Protein also strongly stained bone marrow, lymph node, and spleen cells, but thymic cells weakly, if any. The staining was more obvious in C57BL/6 $(Ly-6^b)$ than Balb/c $(Ly-6^a)$ mice. These results suggest that the interaction of Ly-6E.1 with Ly-6E.1 ligand may function both in the stem cell environment and in the activation of mature lymphocytes. The fusion protein may be a valuable tool in characterization of biochemical properties of the Ly-6E.1 ligand and, further, in isolating its cDNA.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.177-186
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• 1990

To investigate the etiology, pathogenicity and virological properties of NYJ-1-87 strain of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) that was isolated from the diseased piglet in Korea, the virus at $10^{6.0}TCID_{50}/0.1ml$ was inoculated intranasally and subcutaneously into 30 to 35 days-old piglets. Results obtained through the experiments were summarized as follows. 1. Ten of the infected piglets were clinically observed for 15 days. On the 2nd day post-inoculation(pi), the signs of pyrexia, anorexia and convulsion were noted. On the 4th to 7th days pi, nervous signs of incoordination and intermittent spasm were shown in the most of piglets, and one out of 5 piglets infected intranasally was died with severe nervous signs at the 7th day pi. The signs became relieved on the 8th day pi and all of remainder were completely recovered on the 13th to 14th days pi. 2. In hematological study, prominent decrease in the number of total leukocyte and lymphocyte was shown in the ADV-infected piglets on the 6th day pi. On the 8th day pi, the cell numbers were slightly increased and returned to normal level on the 10th day pi. 3. Viral excretion of the ADV-inoculated piglets was examined by swabbing of nasal and oral cavities, and rectal feces. During the periods of the 3rd to 11th days pi, the virus was excreted intermittently from nasal and oral cavities, and rectal feces. The nasal excretions were shown the highest virus concentration of $10^{5.2}TCID_{50}/0.1ml$ at the 5th day pi. 4. Recovery of the inoculated virus from various organs of the piglets that were died or experimentally slaughtered was attempted, and the virus was isolated from the tissues of brain and tonsil by the cultured cell-inoculation method. The highest recovery rate was noted in the tonsil. By indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay using ADV-monoclonal antibody, the viral antigens were detected in tissues of spleen and liver as well as brain and tonsil on the 7th to 9th days pi. The virus was not isolated from blood and the tissues of lung and kidney throughout the experiments. 5. Titers of virus neutralizing antibody in the piglets experimentally infected with ADV became increased after the 6th to 9th days pi in both of intranasal and subcutaneous inoculation showing the highest titers of 64 to 128 on the 29th day pi. When the antibody levels were measured by radial immunodiffusion enzyme assay, the reactive diameter was enlarged to be positive after the 4th to 6th days pi in both of intranasal and subcutaneous inoculation showing the largest diameter of 13 to 14mm on the 29th day pi.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.393-401
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• 2000

계난백유래물질(EWD)로 배양한 고양이 말초혈액 단핵구세포(MNC)의 배양상충액에서 다형핵백혈구(PMN)에 대한 유주성인자를 조사하였다. EWD로 배양한 MNC 배양상층액과 human recombinant (hr) interleukin (IL-8)는 고양이 PMN의 유주성을 현저하게 증가시켰다. 이 유주활성물질을 규명하기 위해 EWD 처리 MNC 배양상충액을 gel electro-phoresis(denaturing 조건 18% loading gel 및 nondenaturing 조건 12.5% loading gel)를 실시한 결과, EWD로 배양한 MNC 배양상충액과 hr IL-8는 모두 분자량 6~8kDa에서 band를 나타내었다. Denaturing 조건에서 6~8kDa band의 gel slices에서 용출시킨 용출액에서도 고양이 PMN의 유주활성이 인정되었다. EWD로 배양한 MNC 배양상층액, hr IL-8 및 용출액에 의한 유도된 고양이 PMN의 유주활성은 rabbit anti-feline polyclonal IgG(RAF pIgG)와 hr IL-8에 대한 mAb에 의해 농도의존적으로 억제되었다. 또한 RAF pIgG는 hr IL-8와 결합을 보임으로써 사람의 IL-8와 교차반응을 시사하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 EWD로 배양한 고양이 MNC는 분자량 6~8kDa의 IL-8 양(樣) 유주성인자를 분비하여 PMN의 유주성을 유도하는 것으로 사료되었다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2006

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a disease model of multiple sclerosis (MS) that is characterized by remittance and relapse of the disease and autoimmune and demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). Autoimmune inflammation is maintained by secretion of a large number of protein. Previous studies have suggested that transcripts encoding osteopontin (OPN) are frequently detected in the mRNA population of MS plaques. To elucidate the functional role of OPN in initiation and development of EAE, we examined the expression and localization of OPN in the spinal cord during acute EAE. We demonstrated that OPN significantly increased at the early stage of EAE and slightly declined thereafter by western blot analysis. An immunohistochemical study revealed that OPN was constitutively expressed in some glial cells (microglia, astrocytes) of white matter and neurons in the CNS of control rats. OPN expression was shown to be increased in the same cells at the early and peak stage of EAE. To identity cells expressing OPN by double-immunofluorescence labeling, we labeled rat spinal cord sections for OPN with a monoclonal OPN antibody and with mAbs for astrocyte (GFAP), microglia/macrophage (OX42)-specific markers. The major cell types of OPN-expressing cells were activated astrocytes and microglia in the adjacent inflammatory lesions. Interestingly, OPN was mainly expressed in the end feet of astrocytes around vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expressing endothelial cells of CNS blood vessel. These findings suggest that increased levels of OPN in activated glial cell may play an important role in the recruitment of inflammatory cells into the CNS parenchyma during EAE.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.1012-1020
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• 2020

생쥐의 가변부위가 인간의 정상부위에 연결되어 제조된 바이오시밀러 자연항체치료제인 레미케이드는 암괴사인자-알파(TNF-α)에 특이적인 항체로써 카이메릭 단일클론항체이며 류마티스 관절염치료를 위해 개발되었다. 바이오시밀러 레미케이드 항체의 생물학적 기능을 연구하기 위해 우리는 단백질 데이터 은행을 이용한 생물정보학 분석을 수행하여 레미케이드 자연항체와 암괴사인자-알파 항원간의 결합기작특징을 분석하였다. 자연항체를 생산하는 세포의 유전적 불안정성 때문에 레미케이드 항체생산이 제한되므로 우리는 중 사슬 가변부위를 다중펩타이드 링커에 의해 경 사슬 가변부위에 연결된 레미케이드 ScFv항체(Remicade)를 제조하였다. 더욱이 더 높은 생산과 더 높은 항원결합력을 위해 레미케이드 ScFv를 leucine zipper에 융합시켰다. Remicade와 RemicadeScZip ScFv는 대장균에서 발현되었고 Ni⁺-NTA-아가로스 컬럼으로 정제하였다. 정제된 단백질들은 예상한대로 sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis에서 28.80 kDa과 33.96 kDa을 나타내었다. Remicade는 ELISA, western blot에서 TNF-α 항원에 대한 결합력이 관찰되지 않았으나 RemicadeScZip은 항원결합력을 나타내었다. 추가적인 BLI분석으로 RemicadeScZip의 TNF-α 항원에 대한 결합력을 재확인시켜주었으며 이 결과는 Leucine zipper가 레미케이드 ScFv의 접힘을 안정화시키고 TNF-α 항원에 대한 결합력을 개선시켰음을 제시해주고 있다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2002

폭약 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)스트레스 조건하에서 토양세균 Pseudomonas sp. HK-6의 세포반응에 대하여 조사하였다. 다양한 농도의 TNT에 노출됨으로서 약 70-kDa DnaK와 60-kDa GroEL의 스트레스 충격단백질 (stress shock proteins, SSPs)이 단떠질이 유도되었다. 이들 SSPs의 존재는 SDS-PAGE과 anti-DnaK와 anti-GroEL monoclonal antibodies를 이용한 Western bolt을 통하여 확인되었다. SSPs은 0.5 mM TNT로 6-12 시간 처리된 세포에서 나타났으며, TNT에 노출 후8시간대 에서 최대의 단백질 유도가 관찰되었다. $30^{\circ}C$에서 $42^{\circ}C$로 열변환충격을 주었을 때의 SSPs는 TNT노출에서와 유사한 유도양상을 보여주었다. TNT에 노출된 Pseudomonas sp. HK-6세포에서 유도된 SSPs의 존재는 배양된 세포의 수용성 단백질 분획에 대하여 2-D PAGE를 통하여 확인되었다. Coomassie brilliant blue R25O로 염색된 젤로부터 pH 3-10 범위에서 약 450 개의 spots이 탐침되었으며, 이들 가운데 12 개의 spots이 TNT 스트레스에 대하여 현저하게 유도되었다. Gel상에서 가장 짙게 나타난 대표적 인 spot에 대한 N-말단 아미노산 서열을 분석한 결과, $^1XXAKDVKFGDSARKKML^17$로서, Pseudomonas putida의 GroEL의 N-말단 아미노산 염기서열인 $^1XXAKDVKFGDSARKKML^17$과 동일한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.330-335
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• 2005

본 실험에서는 생쥐에서 분리한 골수 세포의 분화에 보중익기탕 추출물이 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. GM-CSF와 IL-3는 대식세포의 형성을 자극하는데 관여한다. 보중익기탕 추출물을 첨가하였을 때 GM-CSF와 IL-3로 분화하는 colony의 수를 증가시키는 것을 알 수 있었으며 anti-CD11b 항체로 염색한 결과 분화한 세포는 대식 세포의 특이적 세포표면 단백질 인 CD11b(Mac-1)를 발현하고 있었다. 또한 보중익기탕 추출물은 대식세포가 생산하는 IL-6와 일산화질소(nitric oxide)의 분비량도 증가시키는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 실험 결과, 오래 전부터 전통 처방제로 사용되어온 보중익기탕 추출물은 대식세포의 분화와 증식을 유도하는데 효과가 있는 것으로 생각된다.