• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.17-22
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• 2009

This research was conducted to investigate methods to strengthen the apartment community from the territoriality point of view. In order to achieve this goal, first of all the concept and the structure of territoriality are studied through articles and literature reviews to ensure a full understanding of the community strengthening-related plan elements suggested in the previous research. The study is then divided into the categories of semi-private territory and semi-public territory to pursue analysis based on the issues related to strengthening community such as possession, proximity, defense, boundary-regulation, and personalization in case by case studies. The results of case studies are as follows: in the case of possession with psychological concept of possession, the extension of private space and exclusive space are suggested. And for the concept of proximity, that is, the physical and psychological distance for sense of the same nature, increased opportunity of meeting the residents in the same building or same area are suggested And for the psychological proximity, familiar design and facilities for meeting and exchange-related methods are shown. For the case of indirect defense in defense concept, the methods related to monitoring and supervising facilities for protection are found. For the boundary-regulations, it is based on the concepts of physical and psychological borderlines; walls either vertical or horizontal, or such obstacle-related methods are suggested for the physical borderline, and space structure and symbols-related methods are found for psychological borderline. Finally, for the case of personalization which is related to the expression of identity, design-related methods are suggested.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.263-277
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• 2005

Since the 1980's, metacognition has been one of the core subjects in the studies on teaching-learning. There have been significant considerations about the metacognition in the reaching-learning become increasingly important in relation with learner's thinking. Though, metacognition has now become important concept used in learning process, there have not been sufficient researches in geographic education. The purpose of this parer is to define metacognition concept in geograpbic education. First, the concept of metacognition in geograpbic education, alike in the other education, can be classified as metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive function. Metacognitive knowledge can be categorized as knowledge about self, task, and strategy. Metacognitive function can be categorized as function about monitoring, evaluating and controling. Next, based on geographical metacognition concept, this paper is researched the characteristics of geographical metacognition in the students' reading maps inquiry activity.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.277-286
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• 2017

IMO introduced e-Navigation concept to improve the efficiency of ship operation, port operation, and ship navigation technology. IMO proposed sixteen MSPs (Maritime Service Portfolio) applicable to the ships and onshore in case of e-Navigation implementation. In order to meet the demands of the international society, the system implementation work for the Korean e-Navigation has been specified. The Korean e-Navigation system has five service categories: the S2 service category, which is a ship anomaly monitoring service, is a service that classifies emergency levels according to the degree of abnormal condition when a ship has an abnormality in ship operation, and provides guidance for emergency situations. The navigation safety module is a sub-module of the S2 service that determines the emergency level in case of navigation equipment malfunctioning, engine or steering gear failure during navigation. It provides emergency response guidance based on emergency level to the abnormal ship. If an abnormal condition occurs during the ship operation, first, the ship shall determine the emergency level, according to the degree of abnormality of the ship. Second, an emergency response guidance is generated based on the determined emergency level, and the guidance is transmitted to the ship, which helps the navigators prevent accidents and not to spread. In this study, the operational concept for the implementation of the Korean e-Navigation system is designed and the concept is focused on the navigation safety module of S2 service.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.249-254
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• 2022

With the rapid advance of the semiconductor and Information and communication technologies, remote environment monitoring technology, which can detect and analyze surrounding environmental conditions with various types of sensors and wireless communication technologies, is also drawing attention. However, since the conventional remote environmental monitoring systems require external power supplies, it causes time and space limitations on comfortable usage. In this study, we proposed the concept of the self-powered remote environmental monitoring system by supplying the power with the levitation-electromagnetic generator (L-EMG), which is rationally designed to effectively harvest biomechanical energy in consideration of the mechanical characteristics of biomechanical energy. In this regard, the proposed L-EMG is designed to effectively respond to the external vibration with the movable center magnet considering the mechanical characteristics of the biomechanical energy, such as relatively low-frequency and high amplitude of vibration. Hence the L-EMG based on the fragile force equilibrium can generate high-quality electrical energy to supply power. Additionally, the environmental detective sensor and wireless transmission module are composed of the micro control unit (MCU) to minimize the required power for electronic device operation by applying the sleep mode, resulting in the extension of operation time. Finally, in order to maximize user convenience, a mobile phone application was built to enable easy monitoring of the surrounding environment. Thus, the proposed concept not only verifies the possibility of establishing the self-powered remote environmental monitoring system using biomechanical energy but further suggests a design guideline.

• IE interfaces
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2012

Most manufacturing companies participate in various types of active collaboration to enhance competitive advantages in their arenas. In this paper, we introduce a data warehouse system that is designed for manufacturing collaboration. Just as enterprise information systems, collaboration support systems also need functions of performance measurement and monitoring. For this reason, we devise a new approach to measuring and evaluating performance of manufacturing collaboration. Specifically, we first present a concept of process warehouses for manufacturing collaboration. Next, we design a data schema of collaborative process warehouses to store and monitor collaboration performances. Finally, we implement a prototype system to support performance management of manufacturing collaboration. The proposed system can be used to effectively maintain and continuously improve collaboration in manufacturing industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.136-143
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• 2005

Open architecture controller (OAC) is well known technology in factory automation. To better understand the requirements of OAC, authors have discussed the OAC related topics with a number of control experts who represents different segments of the machining industry. There is no common concept that is accepted or used, however, the common ideas for OAC is the control system that is hardware independent, interchangeable, and easily scalable. This paper presents summary of the understaning and requirements of OAC. Based on the requirements of OAC, authors developed the software based PC-CNC. The main focus of the PC-CNC was on the user customization capability and open interface between control networks in manufacturing system. This paper introduces the developed PC-CNC briefly. In addition to introduction of the PC-CNC, to fill the gap between end users and vendors of OAC, this paper presents two applications using OAC. One is a remote monitoring system. The OPC (Ole for Process Control) standard interface was used to monitor the status of open architecture CNC across network. The other is the remote production management module for machine tools using standard database interface.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.51-57
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• 2000

This paper proposes the new concept & design method and implementation of LonWorks network system for remote monitoring & lighting dimming control and telemetry using Web network. The Experimental LonWorks network system for telemetry & remote monitoring and control are designed and fabricated. As a result, it is verified that LonWorks is open, inteoperable, reliable network system from the experimental results, especially, it seamlessly links the data and control networks, allowing the IP(internet) network to be treated as an extension of the LonWorks networks, and vice versa.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.303-307
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• 2002

Virtual hosting is a typical service to connect each directory of site and domain name. If traffic amounts may increase at one site present in the server, then it affects traffic amounts of other sites as well (including the sites which have flew requests). To overcome this problem, we suggest a simple feedback-control concept for the system by periodically monitoring the traffic and properly actuating traffic dispersions by investigating the log file. Specifically, large files are to be served in a backup server (to reduce the workload of the main server) by changing their own URL's in html format. In other words, it automatically redistributes the workload by using the URL. Furthermore, we also use the redirecting method by just adding html tags to html header. This method efficiently handles the workload and maintains the capability of the server effectively to the varying workload.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.511-516
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• 2010

GPS anomaly has increased according to the degradation of satellite performance, and many GPS users could be exposed to any kinds of error-included signals without any previous notice when unscheduled error occurred. RSIM (Reference Station Integrity Monitors) is a typical monitoring method to broadcast PRC (Pseudo Range Correction) for users. However, there were some cases that the receiver detected the anomalous satellite's signal even though it was unhealthy set, consequently it occurred a large range error. Then it is important to monitor the integrity of GPS signal and it is needed to devise the correction method of pseudorange by eliminating error-occurred PRN for notification to GPS users when it is monitored that the anomaly occurred. This paper proposes the basic concept of how to correct the pseudorange. The paper also shows the analysis results of PRN10 GPS anomaly occurred on day 39 in 2007 with corrected results by eliminating anomaly satellite (PRN10). The proposed correction method shows decreased pseudorange error range compared to the case when the anomaly satellite were used.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.419-444
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• 2014

Within this paper a new approach for early damage detection in rotor blades of wind energy converters is presented, which is shown to have a more sensitive reaction to damage than eigenfrequency-based methods. The new approach is based on the extension of Gasch's proportionality method, according to which maximum oscillation velocity and maximum stress are proportional by a factor, which describes the dynamic behavior of the structure. A change in the proportionality factor can be used as damage indicator. In addition, a novel deflection sensor was developed, which was specifically designed for use in wind turbine rotor blades. This deflection sensor was used during the experimental tests conducted for the measurement of the blade deflection. The method was applied on numerical models for different damage cases and damage extents. Additionally, the method and the sensing concept were applied on a real 50.8 m blade during a fatigue test in the edgewise direction. During the test, a damage of 1.5 m length was induced on the upper trailing edge bondline. Both the initial damage and the increase of its length were successfully detected by the decrease of the proportionality factor. This decrease coincided significantly with the decrease of the factor calculated from the numerical analyses.