• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.12
• /
• pp.1690-1695
• /
• 2001

Wheat straw was treated on laboratory scale with 4% urea at a moisture level of 50% along with different amounts of acetic acid (AA) to fix various levels of ammonia nitrogen (15, 30, 45 and 60%) evolved from urea and stored for 4 weeks. Chemical composition of the treated samples revealed a significant (p<0.01) increase in N content of the samples where AA was added. The N content of the ammoniated straw was only 1.21% which increased to 2.58 with the addition of AA to trap 30% $NH_3-N$. The concentration of free $NH_3-N$ in the straw was significantly (p<0.01) less when more than 15% $NH_3-N$ was trapped with AA. There was significant increase (p<0.01) in N disappearance and depression in NDF and hemicellulose disappearance, when AA was used to trap 30% $NH_3-N$. Large scale treatment of wheat straw with 4% urea at a moisture level of 50% along with AA (to trap 30% $NH_3-N$) increased the N content, but not as much as in laboratory scale treatment. In vivo experiment conducted on nine adult male buffaloes divided into three groups revealed no difference in the intake of DM, OM, NDF, ADF, cellulose and hemicellulose among group I (ammoniated straw), group II (AA treated ammoniated straw) and group III (AA treated ammoniated straw +1 kg barley grain), but the intake was significantly (p<0.05) more in groups where AA treated straw was fed as compared to only ammoniated straw fed group. However EE digestibility was depressed in group II. The digestibility of cellulose and hemicellulose both depressed significantly (p<0.05) in group II and III as compared to group I. Animals in all the 3 groups showed positive nitrogen balance and it was significantly more in group II and III as compared to group I. DCP intake was significantly (p<0.05) more in group II and III as compared to group I, but there was no significant difference among the three groups in TDN intake. It can be concluded that AA (to trap 30% $NH_3-N$) is effective in capturing the excess ammonia released during urea ammoniation of straw and improving its nutritive value, as well as animal performance.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.228-234
• /
• 2017

Feed intake (FI) of sows during lactation is a serious problem because sows require a large amount of energy for high milk production during lactation. Providing a palatable diet is important for lactating sows to cope with the stress of breast-feeding. Palatability can be increased by adding sweeteners to diets. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of saccharin (sweetener) on growth performance, fecal moisture, and litter performance of lactating sows. Sixteen sows were randomly allotted to one of two dietary treatments in a 27-day trial starting from lactation. The two dietary treatments were supplemented with 0 and 0.2% saccharin (sweetener), respectively. Average daily feed intake (ADFI) was increased (p < 0.05) and back fat loss (BFL) was decreased (p < 0.05) in sows fed saccharin supplementation diets compared with sows fed control diet during lactation. However, sows' body weight loss, body condition score (BCS), fecal score, and the number of piglet survival were not different (p > 0.05) among dietary treatments. The two dietary treatments also had no significantly different effect (p > 0.05) on litter weight and average daily gain (ADG) of piglets. Taken together, saccharin has no significant effect on growth performance of piglets but it can increase FI and reduce BFL of lactating sows.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.11
• /
• pp.2033-2038
• /
• 2016

Big data analysis, in the large amount of data stored as the data warehouse which it refers the process of discovering meaningful new correlations, patterns, trends and creating new values. The important issue of a meta-analysis is not the significance test, the effect size of the predictor variable on the criterion variable. We reviewed a total of 236 samples among 6 studies published on the topic related Collagen intake on skin between 2000 and 2016 in Korea. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, we concluded that the path between before and after of Sebum (SB) had the largest effect size of (r = .416) Therefore, the effect of the Collagen intake intervention showed an explanatory power of 17 (%) about. Next, the path between before and after of Moisture (MS) had the higher the effect size of (r = .318). Thus, we present the theoretical and practical implications of these results.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.161-169
• /
• 2008

Since measuring the size of kidney with sonography becomes an important index for diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic prediction in kidney disease, the accurate measurement and evaluation on this are clinically very important. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to increase reproducibility and objectivity in measuring the size of kidney by enumerating factors that have an impact for measurement. It targeted 44 adults in Korea at the age of 21-27. It measured in order for both kidneys to be seen most largely while changing a subject-examiner's position in a state of fasting for 8 hours and a transducer's approaching direction. It compared a size of kidney by measuring, respectively, with the same method in 30 minutes and in 1 hour after drinking water in 700-1,000cc. In case of the lateral approach scan in decubitus position, the average length of the kidney both to the right and the left and the deviation of measurement to be the largest. In NPO(None Per Oral) state, the average length in the right kidney was 10.19cm, and the average length in the left kidney was 10.33cm. In 60 minutes after taking moisture, the average length in the right kidney was 10.94cm, and the average length in the left kidney was 11.13cm. In comparing the average length of the kidney in NPO state and its average length in 60 minutes after taking moisture, the size swelled by 7.3% for the length in the right kidney and by 7.7% in the left, thereby having been indicated to be statistically significant(P<0.003). The measurement in a size of kidney by using ultrasound may be measured differently depending on a patient's state of taking moisture and a transducer's approaching direction. It is thought that when the measurement in a size of kidney is especially important clinically, the intake and intake time in moisture need to be considered and that measuring with the posterior approach in prone position is a good method aiming to increase reproducibility in measuring length of the kidney.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2001

In order to improve the performance of a free power turbine type gas turbine engine by injecting the atomized water into a compressor inlet., a study on Moisture Air Turbine (MAT) cycle was proposed. Compressor work by air-water mixtures in phase change was theoretically considered, and it was found that the water evaporation might reduce the compressor work. Cycle model calculations predicted that power increments of 16.2%, 14.9% and 12.6% by 1.0% water to the air flow rate at the compressor intake with rotational shaft speeds of 1000, 1210, 1350 rps were obtained, and also thermal efficiency due to the reduction of compressor work was improved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
• /
• v.5 no.1 s.12
• /
• pp.24-33
• /
• 2007

This study was undertaken to find out how much influence eating habits and food preferences have on basic skin types, namely dry skin, normal skin, oily skin, and combination skin, as well as troubled skin, such as acne skin, sensitive skin, pigment disorder skin and unbalanced oil and moisture skin. The aim of this study was to help establish good eating habits and to reform food preferences in order to maintain healthy skin. For this study, a suey on the eating habits and food preferences of 206 college women in the metropolitan area was conducted. Statistics Program SPSS (ver130.0) was used to analyze the results of the material obtained from the survey. The survey revealed that participants with basic skin types ate a variety of foods, enjoy soft drinks, juice and supplementary food, while those with troubled skin types had daily breakfast and substitute snacks for meals. The survey also showed that alcohol is the dangerous factor for the cause of both sensitive skin and pigment disorder skin. And it showed that various nutrition intake is the main factor for unbalanced oil and moisture skin.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.320-324
• /
• 2010

We investigated the proper feeding frequency and satiation rate for the growth of red- and white-colored carp fingerlings in a feeding experiment. Triplicate groups of fish averaging 6.3 g were fed diets at four feeding frequencies (1, 2, 3, or 4 meals a day) and two satiation rates (satiation and 80% satiation) for 6 weeks. The survival of the fish was not affected by either the feeding frequency or the satiation rate. The weight gain, feed efficiency, and protein efficiency ratio of fish were affected by the feeding frequency and satiation rate, and increased significantly with both. The feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio with satiation feeding of fish fed four meals a day did not differ from those of fish fed three meals a day. The daily feed intake was affected by the feeding frequency and satiation rate. The moisture, crude lipid, and ash contents of whole body were affected by the feeding frequency. Moisture and crude lipid contents were affected by feeding satiation. Based on these results, we conclude that the proper feeding frequency and satiation rate for the optimum growth of red- and white-colored carp fingerlings is four meals a day with satiation feeding.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
• /
• 2001.04a
• /
• pp.54-58
• /
• 2001

In order to Improve the performance of a free power turbine type gas turbine engine by injecting the atomized water into a compressor inlet., a study on Moisture Air Turbine (MAT) cycle was proposed. Compressor work by air-water mixtures in phase change was theoretically considered, and it was found that the water evaporation might reduce the compressor work. Cycle model calculations predicted that power increments of 21.7%, 20.2% and 18.4% by 1.5% water to the air flow rate at the compressor intake with rotational shaft speeds of 1000, 1210, 1350 rps were obtained, and also thermal efficiency due to the reduction of compressor work was improved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.502-511
• /
• 2013

This study evaluated the composition two popular species of edible bamboo shoots in Korea (Phyllostachyspubescens and Sinoarundinarianigra) and the effect of their abundant dietary fiber on intestinal microorganisms in healthy young women. The ranges of total moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, crude ash, and dietary fiber content were 87.190.8, 2.943.5, 0.150.39, 0.411.05, and 4.206.15% (wet weight basis), respectively. Moisture and crude ash content increased after heat treatment; however, crude protein, crude lipid, and dietary fiber content were reduced after heating. The major minerals found in bamboo shoots were potassium, phosphorous, sulfur, magnesium, and calcium. In addition, glucose and fructose were abundant free sugars, while asparagine and tyrosine were the most abundant free amino acids. Approximately 70% of the total free fatty acids found in bamboo shoots were linoleic acid and linolenic acid. The ascorbic acid content was 6.60~17.56 mg/100 g (wet weight basis), and one phenolic compound, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, was 0.10.2% (wet weight basis) and detected by HPLC analysis. The intake of bamboo shoots for seven days significantly increased viable cell counts of Lactobacillus spp. and reduced viable cell counts of Bacteriodes spp. in feces (p<0.05). In our data, bamboo shoots may be useful in the food industry as high dietary fiber ingredients.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.99-102
• /
• 1991

To determine effect of time after feeding on distribution of digesta in the gastro-intestinal tracts of sheep given orchardgrass hay once a day, a total of fifteen ewes (mean live weight $51{\pm}12kg$) were slaughtered at 2, 8, 16 and 24 hours after feeding. Contents in the reticulo-rumen, omasum, abomasums, small intestine, cecum, and colon and rectum were totally collected and weighed. Weights of digesta in the reticulo-rumen were about 6 kg which contributed about 75% of the total in the whole tracts. Digesta on dry-matter basis totaled about 1 kg. The dry-matter concentration of digesta in the whole digestive tract was about 107 h/kg of fresh digesta. Distribution of moisture in the digestive tract changed in parallel with that of fresh digesta. There was no significant correlation observed between time after feeding and weights of digesta in the gastro-intestinal tracts. While, feed intake significantly correlated with digesta in the reticulo-rumen, cecum and whole tracts (p<0.01). Thus, time after feeding was inferred to have no influence upon the content of digesta in the digestive tract, but feed intake influenced on the content of digesta in the digestive tract at a low level of feeding.