• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.293-300
• /
• 2021

Recently, various researches have been studied, such as water treatment, water reuse, and seawater desalination using CDI (Capacitive deionization) technology. Also, applications like MCDI (Membrane capacitive deionization), FCDI (Flow-capacitive deionization), and hybrid CDI have been actively studied. This study tried to investigate various factors by an experiment on the TDS (Total dissolved solids) removal characteristics using MCDI module in aqueous solution. As a result of the TDS concentration of feed water from 500 to 2,000 mg/L, the MCDI cell broke through faster when the higher TDS concentration. In the case of TDS concentration according to the various flow rate, 100 mL/min was stable. In addition, there was no significant difference in the desorption efficiency according to the TDS concentration and method of backwash water used for desorption. As a result of using concentrated water for desorption, stable adsorption efficiency was shown. In the case of the MCDI module, the ions of the bulk solution which is escaped from the MCDI cell to the spacer during the desorption process are more important than the concentration of ions during desorption. Therefore, the MCDI process can get a larger amount of treated water than the CDI process. Also, prepare a plan that can be operated insensitive to the TDS concentration of backwash water for desorption.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.129-133
• /
• 2020

It is very important to optimize the reflectance of incident light in solar modules for improving output power and reducing loss of cell-to-module (CTM). It is assumed that a higher reflectance backsheet may improve optical efficiency. However how much output power is related to optical properties by reflectance property of backsheets have not been revealed clearly yet. A total of 3 types of industrial backsheets with 3 type of industrial encapsulants (EVA or POE) were analyzed as fabricated mini modules used shingled cells. According to the type of backsheets, the difference between the highest and lowest average reflectance in the range of 400 nm to 1200 nm was found to be 13.08% by UV-visible spectroscopy. Also, when using the same encapsulant, the maximum gap value of the output power increase was measured by about 3.755 mW% (166.02 mW). The correlation between reflectance and output power was experimentally found by measuring the output property of the fabricated shingled mini modules.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제15권7호
• /
• pp.4463-4468
• /
• 2014

태양광 모듈 효율의 증가를 위해 렌즈나 반사판 등을 이용한 집광 시스템 개발이 활발하게 진행되고 있으며, 집광장치는 일반적으로 렌즈를 사용하거나 고집속비의 광학장치를 이용하여 태양광 추적형으로 설계하여 고집속화를 추구하고 있다. 그러나 집속비에 비례하여 열로 소산되는 에너지 밀도가 증가하므로, 고집속에 따른 태양전지 온도상승에 의한 태양전지 효율 저하를 방지하기 위해 집광장치의 냉각에 유의해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 여러 가지 제약 조건을 피하여, 저가격의 반사형 광학장치를 이용한 경제적인 저집광형 태양광 모듈 시스템을 연구 개발하였다. 일반모듈에 저집광장치를 사용하여 태양광 모듈의 발전효율을 증대 시키면서 집광으로 인해 발생하는 열을 냉각장치를 통해 방출하였다. 제안된 저집광형 냉각장치(MCS, Micro Cooling System)의 특징은 모세관력에 의한 자연 순환 방식으로서 외부 동력원이 불필요하며, 유체 상변환시의 잠열을 이용함으로써 고성능 냉각 구현이 가능하다. 117W 태양광 모듈에 반사판을 설치하고 냉각장치가 있는 모듈과 냉각장치가 없는 모듈을 비교 하였다. 냉각장치를 설치한 모듈에서의 발전량이 28% 증가하였다.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.332-341
• /
• 2012

실리카 콜로이드 용액의 정유량 한외여과에서 중력 방향에 대한 막모듈의 위치(경사각) 변화에 따라 발생되는 자연대류 불안정 흐름의 막오염 저감효과를 차압의 변화 정도를 측정하여 규명하였다. 막표면에 케이크 층을 형성함으로서 막오염을 발생시키는 나노 사이즈의 실리카 입자(평균 크기 = 7, 12, 22, 50 nm 및 78 nm)가 함유된 5가지 종류의 콜로이드 용액을 사용하여 중력 방향에 대한 막모듈의 위치(경사각 = $0^{\circ}{\sim}180^{\circ}$)에 따른 차압의 변화를 교반이 없는 dead-end 정유량 한외여과 실험을 통해 측정하였다. 상대적으로 크기가 작은 실리카 입자(7, 12 nm 및 22 nm)가 함유된 콜로이드 용액의 정유량 한외여과에서 막모듈 경사각을 $30^{\circ}$ 이상으로 유지하면 막모듈에 자연대류 불안정 흐름이 발생되어 막오염 형성을 크게 억제시켜 차압의 증가가 거의 나타나지 않았다. 이 자연대류 불안정 흐름의 발생은 막표면에 형성된 실리카 케이크층의 벌크용액으로의 역이동(back transport)을 유발시킴으로서 차압의 증가를 억제시키는 막성능 개선 효과를 나타내었다. 그러나 상대적으로 크기가 큰 실리카 입자(50 및 78 nm)가 함유된 콜로이드 용액의 정유량 한외여과에서는 자연대류 불안정 흐름 발생의 효과가 거의 없었다. 임계 플럭스 측정 결과 실리카 입자의 크기가 작을수록 그리고 막모듈 경사각이 클수록 막모듈에의 자연대류 불안정 흐름의 발생 강도가 커져 막오염 형성이 억제되었으며, 이로 인해 임계 플럭스가 증가하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제61권2호
• /
• pp.335-338
• /
• 2012

Recently, the energy has been used much more than ever, but there has been many problems including atmospheric pollution. So we need alternative energy resources, which are solar heat, solar light, wind power, small water power, etc. The field, which is most popular these days, is the energy source by solar light which transform electric energy using the solar cell and it is available with many researches. In this paper, we manufactured the solar power generation system over 90W using solar module which was 9.90V for Voc, 0.93 A for Isc, 8.64 V for Vmp, 0.75 A for Imp, 6.5 W for power. System was controlled by step motor with worm gear to operate optimum condition between $0^{\circ}{\sim}70^{\circ}$ angle. This system was very effective in tracking space use because it need less space than general solar module.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2014

This paper provides the up to date review of the shading effects on PV module performance and the associated detection algorithm related to the maximum power point tracking. It includes the brief explanations of the MMP variations due to the shading occurrence on the PV modules. Review of experimental and simulation studies highlighting the significant impacts of shading on PV efficiencies were presented. The literature indicates that even the partial shading of a single cell can greatly drop the entire module voltage and power efficiency. The MMP tracking approaches were also reviewed in this study. Both conventional and advanced soft computing methods such as ANN, FLC and EA were described for the proper tracking of MMP under shaded conditions. This paper would be the basic source and the comprehensive information associated with the shading effects and relevant MPP tracking technique.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.1120-1121
• /
• 2008

This paper is proposed cooling system of BIPV(Building Integrated Photovoltaic) by micro-controller. The output power of PV generation system is not systematically tracked and influenced by various factors; solar irradiance, solar cell temperature. The temperature of solar module should be minimized to increase electrical output. Therefore, it is proposed that micro-controller cools to decrease temperature of solar module using thermoelement. The validity of this paper is proved by comparing solar module temperature of cooling system and un-cooling system.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.833-838
• /
• 2011

Future powertrain technologies will be developed focused on applications of eco-friendly technology for internal combustion engine, electric vehicle and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle. But it is expected that these cutting edge technologies will not be applied immediately due to lack of infrastructure, technical and economical reasons. Therefore, numerous developments of internal combustion engine will be carried out for the time being. There have been many turbo engine developments undergoing to maximize the engine performance using turbo charger system in accordance with global trend-green technology and downsizing of engine which coincides with HMC's future development strategy. This study reviews the development process and result of plastic intake manifold module which is firstly developed for turbo engine. CAE simulation and experiments were implanted to evaluate design validity.

• 전자공학회논문지A
• /
• 제29A권9호
• /
• pp.76-84
• /
• 1992

The DSP silicon compiler consists of language compiler, module generator, placement tool, router, layout generation tools, and simulator. In this paper, The language compiler, the module generator, placement tool, and simulator were developed and provided for the system designer. The language compiler translates the designer's system description language into the intermediate form file. The intermediate form file expresses the interconnections and specifications of the cells in the cell library. The simulator was developed and provided for the behavioral verification of the DSP system. For its implementation, the event-driven technique and the C$^{++}$ task library was used. The module generator was developed for the layout of the verified DSP system, and generates the functional block to be used in the DSP chip. And then the placement tool determines the appropriate positions of the cells in the DSP chip. In this paper, the placement tool was implemented by Min-Cut and Simulated Annealing algorithm. The placement process can be controlled by the several conditions input by the system designer.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.214-215
• /
• 2007

Int this paper, we studied the analysis on long-term durability and output power characteristics of PV modules by variation on local thermal property. Using 5 modules(80W), we measured the maximum output power change during the test period. And the optical transmittance of glass was compared with PV module's maximum power fluctuation. The external environment change effected contamination on the entire or local surface of module. This caused the local temperature variation of each solar cell on PV module. The specific analysis is shown in the following paper.