• 대한전자공학회논문지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.27-36
• /
• 1983

계교가 주기적으로 변하는 디지탈 필터(P. V. 디지탈 필터)와 Multiplexing Weaver 변조기를 이용하여 구성한 12-channel의 TDM/FDM 변환 장치를 제안하였다. 일반적으로 Weaver변조기를 이용한 12-channel의 TDM/FDM 변환장치는 24개의 인터포레이팅 FIR(finite impulse response) 디지탈 필터와 24개의 정현파 발진기가 필요하지만 본 연구에서 제안한 12-channel의 TDM/FDM 변환장치는 한 개의 P. V. 디지탈 필터와 12개의 정현파 발진기가 필요하다. 그 결과로 변환 장치가 단순하여지고 계산 시간이 현저하게 감소하였다. 제안된 시스템은 전산기에 의한 시뮬레이션 과정을 통하여 타당성이 확인되었다.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제35권3호통권138호
• /
• pp.244-249
• /
• 2004

The effects of hesperetin and naringenin on $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation were investigated in normal rat kidney cells transformed by temperature sensitive Rous Sarcoma Virus (tsNRK). The flavonoids, naringenin and hesperetin, significantly reduced v-Src-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation as well as phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3 in tsNRK cells, whereas these compounds did not effect on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation in $NIH3T3{\gamma}l$ cells. In addition, the DNA binding activity of SP-I was also reduced but that of AP-1 was not affected by the compounds. Our study suggests that Src-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation could occur via Akt-GSK-3 pathway without $IkB{\alpha}$ degradation and that naringenin and hesperetin could be used in the treatment of cancer through the inhibition of $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation.

• 한국항행학회논문지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 2004

본 논문은 수직 구조와 고성능 특성을 가진 InGaAsP 다중양자우물(MQW; Multiple Quantum Well) 비대칭 페브리페롯 변조기(AFPM; Asymmetric Fabry-Perot Modulators)에 관한 연구결과로써 광대역 동작특성과 저가격이 요구되는 피코셀과 같은 차세대 광대역 무선통신 시스템에 응용 가능성을 제안하고자 한다. 이 AFPM은 <-2V 동작전압과 광섬유와 간단히 결합되어 결합손실이 3dB 내외인 장점과 -3dB 주파수응답 특성이 10GHz인 특성을 보이므로 광대역 및 다중 무선서비스가 요구되는 시스템에 적용 가능할 것으로 기대된다. 이를 위한 간단한 링크실험 결과 92dB/Hz의 SFDR(Spurious Free Dynamic Range)과 약 40dB의 IMD(Inter-Modulation Distortion)의 결과를 보였다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.10-17
• /
• 2012

This paper presents a clock regenerator using two $2^{nd}$ order ${\sum}-{\Delta}$ (sigma-delta) modulators for wide range of dividing ratio as defined in HDMI standard. The proposed circuit adopts a fractional-N frequency synthesis architecture for PLL-based clock regeneration. By converting the integer and decimal part of the N and CTS values in HDMI format and processing separately at two different ${\sum}-{\Delta}$ modulators, the proposed circuit covers a very wide range of the dividing ratio as HDMI standard. The circuit is fabricated using 0.18 ${\mu}m$ CMOS and shows 13 mW power consumption with an on-chip loop filter implementation.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.535-545
• /
• 2008

This paper introduces a systematic top-down and bottom-up design methodology to assist the designer in the implementation of continuous-time (CT) cascade sigma-delta (${\Sigma}{\Delta}$) modulators. The salient features of this methodology are (a) flexible behavioral modeling for optimum accuracy-efficiency trade-offs at different stages of the top-down synthesis process, (b) direct synthesis in the continuous-time domain for minimum circuit complexity and sensitivity, (c) mixed knowledge-based and optimization-based architectural exploration and specification transmission for enhanced circuit performance, and (d) use of Pareto-optimal fronts of building blocks to reduce re-design iterations. The applicability of this methodology will be illustrated via the design of a 12-bit 20 MHz CT ${\Sigma}{\Delta}$ modulator in a 1.2 V 130 nm CMOS technology.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.261-269
• /
• 2021

Binary-phase complex spatial light modulators (BP-C-SLMs) are proposed and simulated. This study shows that bottom-top mirror-symmetrical uniaxial systems between two orthogonal polarizers allow one to construct BP-C-SLMs. BP-C-SLMs double the information-handling capacity per pixel, compared to the conventional amplitude-only spatial light modulators (A-SLMs), as well as being simply implemented with a single spatial light modulator (SLM), rather than a combination of an A-SLM and a binary-phase SLMs. Under limited conditions, BP-C-SLMs can control only the amplitude in single-phase space, and act as A-SLMs.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제36권5호
• /
• pp.487-493
• /
• 2012

본 논문에서는 디스플레이 응용을 위해 동일한 크기를 갖는 공극을 가지며 기계적으로 연동된 미소거울들의 선택적인 구동을 사용하여 RGB 컬러를 재현하는 반사형 간섭 변조기를 제안한다. 기존의 투과형 간섭변조기는 별도의 배면 광원이 필요하기 때문에 전력 소모가 크며, 기존의 반사형 간섭 변조기는 세 가지 RGB 색상을 구현하기 위해서 서로 다른 크기를 갖는 3 개의 공극이 필요하기 때문에 공정이 복잡하다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 반사형 간섭 변조기는 간단한 공정을 위해 동일한 크기를 갖는 1 개의 공극을 가지며 기계적으로 연동된 미소거울의 디지털 구동을 통하여 세 가지 RGB 색상을 재현한다. 실험에서 제안하는 간섭 변조기는 스위칭 모드 (000), (010), (101)에서 각각 초록, 파랑, 빨강의 색상을 재현하였으며, 측정된 스펙트럼 피크치에서의 파장은 각각 $511{\pm}5nm$, $478{\pm}5nm$, $644{\pm}9nm$였고, 대역폭은 각각 $60{\pm}1nm$, $45{\pm}2nm$, $105{\pm}4nm$였고, 반사세기는 각각 $77{\pm}5%$, $73{\pm}2%$, $81{\pm}5%$이었다. 측정된 검정에 대한 스펙트럼의 반사세기는 $27{\pm}0%$ 이하로 측정되었다. 본 논문에서는 디스플레이 응용을 위해 간단한 공정으로 제작이 가능한 간섭 변조기의 색재현 성능을 실험적으로 검증하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.390-394
• /
• 2004

The genetically modified glyphosate-tolerant soybean contains the following introduced DNA sequences: the EPSPS (5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) gene from Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4, the 35S promoter from the cauliflower mosaic virus, and the NOS terminator from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. In the present study, detection of these introduced DNAs was performed by amplification using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A multiplex PCR method was also applied to prevent false positive results. When primers for 35S promoter, nos3', CTP(chloroplast transit peptide), and CP4 EPSPS (EPSPS from Agrobacterium sp. CP4) were used, positive results were obtained in PCR reactions using DNA from genetically modified glyphosate-tolerant soybeans. There were no false positive results when using DNA from non-genetically modified soybeans. The CP4 EPSPS gene was detected when less than 125 pg glyphosate-tolerant soybean DNA was amplified. Lectin Lel and psb A were amplified from both non-genetically modified and genetically modified glyphosate-tolerant soybean DNA. Multiplex PCR was performed using different primer sets for actin Sacl, 35S promoter and CP4 EPSPS. The actin gene was detectable in both non-genetically modified and glyphosate-tolerant soybeans as a constant endogenous gene. Target DNAs for the 35S promoter, and CP4 EPSPS were detected in samples containing 0.01-0.1% glyphosate-tolerant soybean, although there were variations depending on primers by multiplex PCR. Soybean seeds from five plants of non-genetically modified soybean were co-cultivated for six months with those of genetically modified soybean, and they were analyzed by PCR. As a result, they were not positive for 35S promoter, nos3' or CP4 EPSPS. Therefore, these results suggest there was no natural crossing of genes between glyphosate-tolerant and non-genetically modified soybean during co-cultivation, which indicates that gene transfer between these plants is unlikely to occur in nature.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.192-197
• /
• 2008

High-speed harmonic optical modulation-demodulation schemes are presented and a possibility of the schemes for applying to high-speed light wave transmission system is tested at microwave frequency range. An example of this concept is as follows : Light wave is modulated succeedingly through cascaded optical modulators by a sub-carrier to produce a modulated light wave at harmonic frequency which is higher than the feasible frequency of the individual modulators. For demodulation of the base-band signal, the high frequency optical sub-carrier is down-converted by the same kind of optical modulator with the same concept of harmonic modulation.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2002년도 International Meeting on Information Display
• /
• pp.943-946
• /
• 2002

Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulators (LC-SLMs) provide many interesting applications in laser optics and opto-electronic systems, in addition to displays. Among them, three topics developed at Thales Research & Technology are reviewed: wavefront correction for laser beam control, microwave processing in radar systems and holography for TN-LCDs viewing angle compensation.