• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2020

Background This study evaluated the outcomes of a new modified Wies technique for patients with involutional lower eyelid entropion without horizontal eyelid laxity. Methods This case series retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with entropion who underwent surgery between January 2014 and March 2019 by the same experienced surgeon. Horizontal eyelid laxity, lower eyelid retractor function, and orbicularis muscle overriding were recorded before and after surgery. The recurrence rate and complications were also evaluated. This technique consisted of modified everting sutures combined with reattachment of the lower eyelid retractors to the inferior tarsal plate. Results This new technique was performed on 28 eyes in 25 patients (mean age, 71.0±8.0 years; range, 56-87 years). Nine patients (36%) were women and 16 (64%) were men. Lower lid entropion was present in the right eye in 14 patients (56%), the left eye in eight patients (32%), and both eyes in three patients (12%). The mean follow-up period was 27.3±12.4 months (range, 6-60 months). No intraoperative complications were observed. All patients' symptoms were alleviated. One patient (3.6%) had recurrence after 2 years (success rate, 96.4%). The remaining 27 eyes maintained a satisfactory and comfortable eyelid position. No patients had problems with scarring. Conclusions The approach described herein proved to be safe and feasible in eyes with involutional lower eyelid entropion without horizontal eyelid laxity. These advantages of this procedure include the lack of a conjunctival scar, punctal eversion, and lateral canthal angle deformation. A low recurrence rate and a long interval to recurrence were also observed.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.114-124
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 인터넷과 같은 IP망에서 SVC(scalable video coding) 비디오를 전송할 때 주어진 최소 전송대역폭 조건에 부합되는 실용적인 TCP 친화적 전송률 제어 기법을 제안한다. UDP 프로토콜을 이용하여 실시간 비디오를 전송할 때 상위 응용계층의 프로토콜로서 실시간 수송 프로토콜(RTP)과 실시간 수송 제어 프로토콜(RTCP)이 일반적으로 사용이 되는데, 이때 발생되는 패킷 스트림의 전송률을 네트워크 내에서의 다른 TCP세션과 공평하게 분배하여 결정할 수 있는 방법이 TCP 친화적 전송률 제어(TCP-friendly rate control) 기법이다. 기존의 TCP 친화적 전송률 제어 기법에서 제안한 전송률 결정 모델에서는 채널의 최소 전송 대역폭에 대한 고려가 반영이 되지 못하여 패킷 손실이 큰 경우에 대해서는 모델에 의해 결정된 전송률이 채널의 실제 최소 전송 대역폭과 매우 상이한 문제점이 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 최소 전송 대역폭을 고려하여 개선된 TCP 친화적 전송률 제어 모델을 고안하고, 이 모델을 기반으로 SVC의 기본계층(base layer)에 대해 최소 전송률을 할당하며 나머지 가용한 전송률을 향상계층(enhancement layer) 스트림에 할당하는 TCP 친화적 스케일러블 비디오 전송 기법을 제안한다. 실제적인 인트라 및 인터넷 망을 통한 SVC 비디오 전송에 의한 필드 테스트를 통해 제안된 기법의 성능을 검증한다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.75-82
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• 1996

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate is influenced by plasma protein, red cell itself and physiological conditions and it is clear that the measurement of erythrocyte sedimentation rate varies with technique and various environmental factors. The effect of temperature, angle of test tube, and osmobility with different percent of NaCl solution on erythrocyte sedimentation rate on sheep was determined by modified Westergren method. In sheep, as the angle of Westergren tube was decreased from $90^{\circ}$ to $45^{\circ}$, erythrocyte sedimentation rate was increased in both diluted plasma and NaCl solutions. As temperature was increased from $4^{\circ}C$ to $20^{\circ}C$ at $45^{\circ}$ angle. erythrocyte sedimentation rate was increased. In ruminants, this modified Westergren methods, erythrocyte 1 : plasma 9 instead of erythrocyte 4 : plasma 6(whole blood), enable them to have meanings as dog therefor, using this method, clinical can determine the erythrocyte sedimentation rate of ruminants for diagnosis. Because erythrocyte sedimentation rate was changed according to the angle of Westergren tube, temperature as erythrocyte diluted with NaCl, this study detected that the change of temperature, the angle of Westergren tube could change erythrocyte sedimentation rate by effecting red cell itself. The increase of osmobility owing to change of NaCl percent resulted in the decrease of rapid erythrocyte sedimentation rate. So this fact indicate that deformibility and the change of red cell volume have meaning in the change of erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.492-502
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• 2008

This study examined the adsorption of a synthetic cutting fluid and cutting fluid effluent on chitosan and SDS-modified chitosan, Chitosan and SDS-modified chitosan were prepared in form of beads and fibers. A series of batch experiments were carried out as a function of the initial concentration of cutting fluid, contact time and pH of the fluid. The contact angle study suggested that the SDS-modified chitosan was more hydrophobic than chitosan. The Zeta potential study showed that chitosan, SDS-modified chitosan and synthetic cutting fluid had a point of zero charge (PZC) at pH 7.8, 9 and 3.2, respectively. SDS-modified chitosan has a greater adsorption capacity than chitosan. The experimental results show that adsorption capacity of the cutting fluid on 1.0 g of SDS-modified chitosan at pH 3 and for a contact time of 120 min was approximately 2,500 g/kg. The adsorption capacity of chitosan and SDS-modified chitosan increased with decreasing pH. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Brunauer Emmett and Teller (BET) adsorption models were used to explain the adsorption isotherm. The Langmuir isotherm fitted well with the experimental data of chitosan while the BET isotherm fitted well with the SDS-modified chitosan data. Pseudo first- and second-order kinetic models and intraparticle diffusion model were used to examine the kinetic data. The experimental data was fitted well to a pseudo second-order kinetic model. The significant uptake of cutting fluid on chitosan and SDS-modified chitosan were demonstrated by FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM and heat of combustion.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of high-heels (HH) modification on metatarsal stress in female workers. Method: Seven females who work in clothing stores ($heights=160.4{\pm}3.9cm$; $weights=47.4{\pm}4.1kg$; $age=31.3{\pm}11.1yrs$; $HH\;wear\;career=8{\pm}6.5yrs$) wore two types of HH (original and modified). The modified HH had been grooved with 1.5 cm radius and 0.2 cm depth around the first metatarsal area inside of the shoes using the modified shoe-last. Participants were asked to walk for 15 minutes on a treadmill and to stand for 10 minutes with original and modified HH, respectively. Kinetics data were collected by the F-scan in-shoe system. After each test, participants were asked to rate their perceived exertion using the Borg's 15-grade RPE scale and interviewed about their feeling of HH. Nonparametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test and effect size (Cohen's d) were used to determine the difference of the variables of interest between the original and modified HH. Results: In the present study, modified HH of the peak contact pressure of 1st metatarsal (PCP) left, PCP right, pressure time integral (PTI) left, peak pressure gradient (PPG) left during standing and PPG right during walking are greater than original HH. And even it didn't show statistically significant, the average in all pressure values of modified HH showed bigger than original HH. It surmised to be related to awkward with modified HH. Even though they said to feel the comfortable cause of big space inside of HH in the interview, they seemed to be not enough time to adapt with new HH. So their walking and standing postures were unstable. Conclusion: Modified the fore-medial part of HH can reduce the stress in the first metatarsal head and big toe area during standing and walking.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.254-260
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• 2007

This study was examined closely physiological activation and intended to present the possibility of developing food low-fat food. Developing carbohydrate fat replacer as materials for low-fat food made of Korean potato starch, it is expected that the new demand of fat replacer will be created. Potato starch was modified by chemical modification. The calorie of starch of GPS was measured to be 3.0 kcal/g, those of chemically modified starch, HPR showed 2.5 kcal/g respectively, suggesting that calorie is decreased by modified treatment. The appropriateness of processing food was experimented by substituting the existing oil and fat containing food with gel of starch and modified starch in constant rate through utilization of modified starch. When producing mayonnaise by substituting edible oil with gel of modified starch in 10-50%, calorie was reduced by 44${\sim}$45% when substituted by 50%, suggesting the potential of low-fat food. Measuring viscosity of mayonnaise by Brookfield viscometer, the mayonnaise with HPR showed high viscosity and the chemical modified starch group of EZ also showed high viscosity. Generally, the material property of mayonnaise tended to reduce in all measured items when oil and fat are substituted by starch substituting materials and the substituting materials increase. When it comes to the emulsification stability of mayonnaise with starch substituting materials, emulsification stability of all mayonnaise with starch substituting materials is lower than that of compared group. While the group with NL as commercial fat replacer showed emulsification stability which was slightly higher than group with modified starch and the substitution group of HPR showed higher emulsification stability. Sensory evaluation for low-fat mayonnaise by substituting oil the products substituted by modified starch was more preferred than general starch substituting products such as GPS. While NL as commercially fat replacer showed the hight preference, products with H40, EZ were also highly preferred.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제22권A호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2002

The surface of tube-type alumina substrate was modified with a silane coupling agent in order to modify the membrane surface with hydrophobicity. Contact angle of water drops on modified membrane was greater than $90^{\circ}$. The modified membrane was tested in pervaporation and vapor permeation for the recovery of menthol from dilute menthol/water mixture. With increasing menthol concentration in the feed at $45^{\circ}C$, permeation rate of menthol in pervaporation and vapor permeation increased from $0.039(g/m^2hr)$ to $0144(g/m^2hr)$ and from. $0.077(g/m^2hr)$ to $0.297(g/m^2hr)$ respectively. When feed concentration is 0.005(g/L) at $45^{\circ}C$, separation factor for menthol in pervaporation and vapor permeation is 20,7 and 40.5 respectively.

• 음성과학
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.163-174
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• 2007

All observation has uncertainty due to noise or channel characteristics. This uncertainty should be counted in the modeling of observation. In this paper we propose a modified optimization object function of a GMM training considering inexact observation. The object function is modified by introducing the concept of observation confidence as a weighting factor of probabilities. The optimization of the proposed criterion is solved using a common EM algorithm. To verify the proposed method we apply it to the speaker recognition domain. The experimental results of text-independent speaker identification with VidTimit DB show that the error rate is reduced from 14.8% to 11.7% by the modified GMM training.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2015

In this study we investigated the electrocatalytic oxidation of saccharose on conductive polymer- Nickel oxide modified graphite electrodes based on the ability of anionic surfactants to form micelles in aqueous media. This NiO modified electrode showed higher electrocatalytic activity than Ni rode electrode in electrocatalytic oxidation of saccharose. The anodic peak currents show linear dependency with the square root of scan rate. This behavior is the characteristic of a diffusion controlled process. Under the CA regime the reaction followed a Cottrellian behavior and the diffusion coefficient of saccharose was found in agreement with the values obtained from CV measurements.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.82-88
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• 1979

During the past 3 years, 15 patients who could not be anesthetized generally because of poor general condition or cachecic state, of 111 patients with empyema, have been treated with modified Eloesser`s operation under the local anesthesia with 2% procaine. There were 13 males and 2 females ranging from 21 years to 61 years of age. The etiology was tuberculosis [6 cases], pyogenic pneumonia [5 cases], lung abscess [1 case], post-trauma [2 cases] and malignancy[1 case]. " The over-all mortality rate was 6.7%[1 case] and cause of its death was poor oral feeding because of post-traumatic psychosis. Modified Eloesser`s operation was performed after closed tube thoracostomy and irrigation with 1% zephanon solution for over 2 weeks. And then the other operation was not performed and all patients except 1 case appeared good progression (Complete healing; 4 cases, Progressive healing 10 cases, death: 1 case).