• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 철근콘크리트의 압축부재에 배근되는 횡방향 철근의 구속효과와 축방향 철근비에 따른 탄성계수의 변화를 검토하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 철근비를 고려한 구조해석의 필요성을 제시하고자 하였다. 기존의 실험자료를 이용하여 철근콘크리트 압축부재에 대한 수정탄성계수 계산식을 제안하였다. 제안된 탄성계수를 적용한 구조물에 대한 해석을 실시하여 구조물의 거동에 어느 정도 영향을 미치는 파악하였는데, 철근비를 고려한 단면과 철근비를 고려하지 않은 단면에서 기둥과 보의 휨모멘트 크기에 상당한 차이가 발생함을 확인하였다. 풍하중 같은 횡방향 하중이 지배적인 경우에도 기둥의 철근비를 고려한 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우는 수평변위와 모멘트와 축력 등의 부재력에 큰 차이를 보였다. 따라서 철근콘크리트 구조물의 구조해석 시 현재 실무에서 일부 사용되는 방법에는 부재력의 과소평가 또는 과대평가의 가능성이 있으며, 이러한 문제점을 최소화하는 대안으로 본 연구에서 제시한 철근비를 고려한 수정탄성계수의 적용이 합리적인 것으로 판단된다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.631-639
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• 2017

This study experimentally investigated the flexural capacity of a concrete beam reinforced with a newly developed GFRP bar that overcomes the lower modulus of elasticity and bond strength compared to a steel bar. The GFRP bar was fabricated by thermosetting a braided pultrusion process to form the outer fiber ribs. The mechanical properties of the modulus of elasticity and bond strength were enhanced compared with those of commercial GFRP bars. In the four-point bending test results, all specimens failed according to the intended failure mode due to flexural design in compliance with ACI 440.1R-15. The effects of the reinforcement ratio and concrete compressive strength were investigated. Equations from the code were used to predict the deflection, and they overestimated the deflection compared with the experimental results. A modified model using two coefficients was developed to provide much better predictive ability, even when the effective moment of inertia was less than the theoretical $I_{cr}$. The deformability of the test beams satisfied the specified value of 4.0 in compliance with CSA S6-10. A modified effective moment of inertia with two correction factors was proposed and it could provide much better predictability in prediction even at the effective moment of inertia less than that of theoretical cracked moment of inertia.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.1148-1155
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• 2010

To suggest a modified shallow foundation design method which can be considered the scale effect of foundation on IGM(intermediate geomaterial) soil layer, the weathered soil layer that is uniformly formed up to 8m(2B) with over 50 N-value is selected and 3 times field loading tests are performed on several sized square-shaped shallow foundations with 30, 75, 150, 240 and 400cm in width respectively. Because the soil modulus of elasticity(Es) calculated by soil investigation and 1st field test(PBT) results showed an underestimated tendency, a modified correlation is required for the reasonable estimation of Es on the weathered soil. Also, the N-value was increased with an increasing in depth. However, the N-values around the test foundations showed the different values even though the foundations on the same level because the test site was arranged by excavation. Therefore, the more detail soil investigations are required for the each test foundations respectively. Since Es based on elasticity theory is determined by the stress distribution shape of the foundation and elasticity modulus of the soil, the scale effect considered pressure-settlement curve can be clearly derived from the correlation on stress distribution shape and the variation of soil elasticity modulus with depth. Therefore, the modified correlation will be suggested to estimate a reasonable Es on the weathered soil, and the scale effect considered shallow foundation design method is also developed based on the elastic theory and field tests in this research.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.192-196
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• 2004

스피커 댐퍼의 재질에 따른 휨강도와 기하학적 요소인 주름의 반경 및 각 주름의 곡률반경으로 탄성계수를 결정하여 실험치와 비교하였다. 그 결과 댐퍼의 탄성은 휨강도에 비례하고 원형주름의 반경에는 반비례하며 주름의 곡률반경의 제곱에 반비례함을 알 수 있었다. 또, 댐퍼의 안쪽은 주름을 작게 만들고 바깥쪽은 주름을 크게 만든 변형 댐퍼로 스피커를 제작함으로서 고음부의 감도가 증가하면서도 저음부가 강화되는 소형 스피커를 만들 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.489-495
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• 2009

A novel technique to measuret of viscoelastic properties of polymers is proposed to investigate complex Poisson's ratio as a function of frequency. The forced vibration responses for the samples under the normal and the shear deformation are to be measured with varying load masses. The measured data were used to obtain the viscoelastic properties of the material based on an accurate 2D numerical deformation model of the sample. The 2D model enabled us to exclude data correction by the empirical form factor used in 1D model. Comprehensive measurements of viscoelastic properties of two slightly varied silicone RTV rubber ($Silastic^{(R)}$ S2) compositions were performed. Standard composition (90% PDMS polymer + 10% catalyst) and modified composition (92.5% polymer + 7.5% catalyst) were tested in temperature range from $30^{\circ}C$ to $70^{\circ}C$. Shear modulus, modulus of elasticity, loss factor, and both the real and the imaginary parts of the Poisson's ratio were determined for frequencies from 50 to 400Hz in the linear deformation regime (at relative deformations $10^{-4}{\sim}10^{-3}$).

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.3-13
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• 1983

크라프트 펄프의 screening rejects, 볏짚 그리고 이들의 1 : 1 비율의 혼합 물질을 사용하여, 5가지의 다른 섬유판(纖維板) 밀도(密度)를 가지는 섬유판을 만들었다. 이들을 유황(硫黃) 화합물(化合物)에 침적(沈積)시켰다. 제조(製造)한 복합재(複合材) 속의 유황(硫黃) 화합물(化合物)의 노화효과(老化效果)를 관찰하기 위해 1년동안 일정한 시간(時間) 간격(間隔)으로, 이 복합재의 기계적 강도(强度)를 Young 계수(係數)로 나타내었다. 최적(最適)의 섬유판과 유황 화합물의 제조 조건하(下)에서, 이 목재(木材) 섬유(纖維) 복합재(複合材)의 Young 계수(係數)는 기존의 합성수지로 만든 복합재나 목재 선유로 만든 집성재(集成材)나 복합재보다 훨씬 큰 결과를 보여 주었다. 예를 들어, 목재 섬유판 밀도가 0.35gm/$cm^3$인 이 복합재의 modulus of elasticity와 modulus of rupture는 각각 1,000,000psi와 7000psi인데 반해, 섬유판 밀도가 1.28gm/$cm^3$인 hardboard의 그것들은 각각 800,000psi와 6000psi를 나나내었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.11-23
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• 2008

The mechanical and physical properties of zinc borate (ZB)-modified oriented strandboard (OSB) from southern wood species were investigated in this study. OSB panels treated with ZB were not significantly weaker than the untreated samples in terms of specific modulus of elasticity (SMOE) and specific modulus of rupture (SMOR). ZB showed the negative effect on specific internal bond (SIB) strength, since some of ZB would persist as a powder state on the flake surfaces, thereby reducing the bonding efficiency of the adhesive. The ZB level did not show significant effect on thickness swelling (TS). ZB-modified OSB showed the suitable mechanical and physical properties for the structural wood composites.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.117-127
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• 1999

In concrete incorporating high volume ground granulated blast-furnace slag that has frozen at early age, to evaluated the results of resistance to freezing and thawing is very difficult because the hydration of the concrete increases over the duration of rapid freezing and thawing test. Hence, the dynamic modulus of elasticity of specimens after freezing and thawing will be favorable results unless the hydration effect is taken into consideration. In this study, a method of evaluating to the resistance to freezing and thawing of concrete subjected freezing at early age, in which the effect of hydration is modified for its increase during rapid freezing and thawing test, is investigated.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.649-662
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• 2018

In this study, based on the three-dimensional theory of elasticity, free vibration characteristics of sandwich sectorial plates with multiwalled carbon nanotube-(MWCNT)-reinforced composite core are considered. Modified Halpin-Tsai equation is used to evaluate the Young's modulus of the MWCNT/epoxy composite samples by the incorporation of an orientation as well as an exponential shape factor in the equation. The exponential shape factor modifies the Halpin-Tsai equation from expressing a straight line to a nonlinear one in the MWCNTs wt% range considered. In this paper, free vibration of thick functionally graded sandwich annular sectorial plates with simply supported radial edges and different circular edge conditions including simply supported-clamped, clamped-clamped, and free-clamped is investigated. A semi-analytical approach composed of two-dimensional differential quadrature method and series solution are adopted to solve the equations of motion. The material properties change continuously through the core thickness of the plate, which can vary according to a power-law, exponentially, or any other formulations in this direction. This study serves as a benchmark for assessing the validity of numerical methods or two-dimensional theories used to analysis of laminated sectorial plates.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.739-756
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• 2016

The shear strength reduction finite element method (SSRFEM) is a powerful tool for slope stability analysis. The factor of safety (FOS) of the slope can be easily calculated only through reducing effective cohesion (c′) and tangent of effective friction angle ($tan{\varphi}^{\prime}$) in equal proportion. However, this method may not be applicable to soil slope under wetting-drying cycles (WDCs), because the influence of WDCs on c′ and $tan{\varphi}^{\prime}$ may be different. To research the method of estimating FOS of soil slopes under WDCs, this paper presents an experimental study firstly to investigate the effects of WDCs on the parameters of shear strength and stiffness. Twelve silty clay samples were subjected to different number of WDCs and then tested with triaxial test equipment. The test results show that WDCs have a degradation effect on shear strength (${\sigma}_1-{\sigma}_3)_f$, secant modulus of elasticity ($E_s$) and c′ while little influence on ${\varphi}^{\prime}$. Hence, conventional SSRFEM which reduces c′ and $tan{\varphi}^{\prime}$ in equal proportion cannot be adopted to compute the FOS of slope under conditions of WDCs. The SSRFEM should be modified. In detail, c′ is merely reduced among shear strength parameters, and elasticity modulus is reduced correspondingly. Besides, a new approach based on sudden substantial changes in the displacement of marked nodes is proposed to identify the slope failure in SSRFEM. Finally, the modified SSRFEM is applied to compute the FOS of a slope example.