• 통상정보연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.101-117
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• 2006

"Online Alternative Dispute Resolution" can refer to the use of online methods of dispute resolution to resolve disputes arising either online or offline. The range of disputes covered by online ADR has been broad : from family law to internet domain name disputes : from small transaction to insurance disputes. Online and offline consumer disputes have been a major focus of online ADR sites. This article propsed that the mediator should explain the process and the mediator's role so as to forestall misunderstanding on that score. And mediators should consider including in either usual mediation agreements additional provisions applicable to communications by email. Online ADR sites should be designed 1) to provide a simple, easily understandable process, 2) to provide detailed information on process, cost and speed, 3) to enable users to move between online and offline processes, 4) to have authentication processes for parties and documents, 5) to have automatic translation system for language barriers. And Government should play an important role in assisting people to adapt technically and emotionally to new technology through information, training and ongoing support. The days of live online television-quality videoconferencing have not yet arrived. Until then, we must hone our skills with the written word.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.889-897
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Sexuality Attitudes and Beliefs Survey (SABS) and to assess SABS for Korean nurses. Methods: The Korean version of SABS was developed through forward-backward translation techniques. Internal consistency reliability and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis were conducted using PASW+ PC Win (18.0) and AMOS (18.0). Data were collected from 567 nurses who worked in one of six general hospitals across the country. Results: The Korean version of SABS showed a reliable internal consistency with Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of subscales ranging from .59 to .73. Factor loadings of the 10 items of three subscales ranged from .38 to .83. The three subscales model were validated by confirmatory factor analysis (GFI>.97, RMSEA<.05). Sexuality attitudes and beliefs for Korean nurses were more negative than that of European or American nurses. The SABS scores for Korean nurses were significantly different according to age, marriage, education, clinical experiences, and feeling about sexuality. Conclusion: The Korean version of SABS has satisfactory construct validity and reliability to measure Korean nurses' attitudes and belief toward sexuality. Education is essential to enhance importance and self-efficacy and to relieve barriers to addressing patients' sexuality.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.152-161
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• 2013

This paper presents a control effectiveness analysis of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta. A multibody dynamic model of the insect that considers the time-varying inertia of two flapping wings is established, based on measurement data from the real hawkmoth. A six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) multibody flight dynamics simulation environment is used to analyze the effectiveness of the control variables defined in a wing kinematics function. The aerodynamics from complex wing flapping motions is estimated by a blade element approach, including translational and rotational force coefficients derived from relevant experimental studies. Control characteristics of flight dynamics with respect to the changes of three angular degrees of freedom (stroke positional, feathering, and deviation angle) of the wing kinematics are investigated. Results show that the symmetric (asymmetric) wing kinematics change of each wing only affects the longitudinal (lateral) flight forces and moments, which implies that the longitudinal and lateral flight controls are decoupled. However, there are coupling effects within each plane of motion. In the longitudinal plane, pitch and forward/backward motion controls are coupled; in the lateral plane, roll and side-translation motion controls are coupled.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2008년도 제39차 동계학술발표논문집 16권2호
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• pp.401-406
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• 2009

이 논문에서는 저장소에 독립적인 SPARQL-to-SQL변환 시스템 모델의 비용 평가를 수행한다. 시맨틱 웹이 발전하면서 이를 기술하기 위한 다양한 웹 온톨로지 언어들이 제안되었고 이를 저장 및 검색하기 위한 관계형 데이터베이스 기반의 저장소와 SPARQL과 같은 질의 언어가 개발되었다. SPARQL의 활용도가 높아짐에 따라 관계형 데이터베이스에 저장된 웹 온톨로지 데이터를 질의하기 위해서는 SPARQL을 SQL로 변환하기 위한 알고리즘이 필요하다. 그러나 기존에 제안된 변환 알고리즘들은 몇 가지 해결해야 할 문제점을 가지고 있는데 그 중 변환 알고리즘이 저장소에 종속적이라는 문제점 때문에 변환 알고리즘의 활용도가 떨어진다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 기존 논문에서는 저장소에 독립적으로 변환 알고리즘을 활용할 수 있는 시스템 모델을 제안하였으며 프로토타입을 구현하여 제안 모델을 통한 질의 결과의 정확성을 측정하였다. 또한, 저장소의 종속적인 모델과 독립적인 모델간의 정성적 평가를 통하여 저장소에 독립적인 모델이 여러 측면에서 활용도가 높다는 것을 평가하였다. 그러나 기존 논문에서는 제안한 시스템 모델에 대한 명확한 정량적 평가가 이루어지지 않았다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 비용 평가 모델을 정의하여 제안한 시스템 모델의 효율성을 정량적으로 평가한다.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2006년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.33 No.2 (C)
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• pp.377-381
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• 2006

e-Business 환경이 다양화되고 활성화되면서, 전자적으로 교환되는 문서의 종류와 형태가 다양해지고 있다. 다양한 문서 형태를 지원해야 하는 요구사항이 대두되고 이를 충족하기 위해 하나 이상의 문서 변환 시스템을 도입하여 사용하고 있다. 기존의 문서 변환 시스템은 하나 또는 두 가지의 문서 형태만을 지원함으로 인해, 동시에 다양한 문서 형태를 지원할 수 없는 단점이 존재하였다. 또한 단일 형태의 문서 변환만을 지원하고 있어 문서 형태별 변환 기능을 지원할 수 없고 파싱된 문서 요소와 비즈니스 로직이 혼합되어 순차적으로 처리됨으로써, 처리가 완료되기 전까지 하나의 트랜잭션으로 처리되고 있다. 변환 절차가 하나의 트랜잭션 내에서 처리됨으로 인해 정보의 재사용성이나 효율적으로 시스템 자원을 사용할 수 없었다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 문서 형태별 비즈니스 로직을 포함하는 전자문서변환 시스템을 도메인 모델방식 개념을 기반으로 설계, 구현함으로써 개선 가능한 시스템을 제안하고자 한다. 본 논문은 제안 시스템을 통해 기능별로 모듈화가 가능하게 되고 트랜잭션도 단계별로 분리하여, 처리 복잡성을 해결할 뿐 아니라, SOA(Service Oriented Architecture)기반의 진보된 개념을 쉽게 적용 가능한 확장성을 갖추는데 그 의의가 있다.

• 정보학연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2001

자바 프로그램은 플랫폼 독립적이라는 장점을 갖는 반면에 그의 실행이 가상 기계를 통하여 이루어지기 때문에 실행 시간의 비효율성을 가진다. 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위해 just-in-time(JIT) 컴파일러, 오프라인 바이트코드 컴파일러와 같은 다양한 해결 방법이 제안되어 왔다. 그러나 JIT 컴파일러는 실행시간에 바이트코드로부터 네이티브 코드로의 번역이 일어나므로 실행시간 부담을 가진다. 그리고 순수 오프라인 바이트코드 컴파일러는 동적 클래스 적재(dynamic class loading)의 어려움을 가진다. 본 논문에서는 동적으로 바이트코드를 적재학 수 있는 능력을 유지하면서, JIT 보다 더 효율적 실행이 가능한 방법을 제안한다. 또한 기존의 bytecode-to-C 번역기와는 달리, 우리의 번역기는 자바 네이티브 인터페이스(JNI)를 사용함으로서 JDK 실행 환경과의 완벽한 호환성을 유지한다. 본 연구의 결과로 바이트코드를 JNI를 사용한 C 코드로 변환하기 위한 번역기를 설계하고 구현하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.244-252
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• 2004

The theoretical method is developed to investigate the vibration characteristics for the partially fluid-filled continuous cylindrical shells with the intermediate supports. The intermediate supports are simulated by two types of artificial springs : the translational spring for the translation for each direction and the rotational spring for a rotation. The springs are continuously distributed along the circumferential direction. By allowing the spring stiffness to become very high compared to the stiffness of the structure, the rigid intermediate supports are approximated. In the theoretical procedure, the Love's thin shell theory is adopted to formulate the theoretical model. The frequency equation of the continuous cylindrical shell is derived by the Rayleigh-Ritz approach based on the energy method. Comparison and convergence studies are carried out to verify and establish the appropriate number of series term and the artificial spring stiffness to produce results with an acceptable order of accuracy. The effect of intermediate supports, their positions and fluid level on the natural frequencies and mode shapes are studied.

• 분석과학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.121-126
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• 1992

GaAs ${\Sigma}=19$, [110] tilt grain boundary의 구조를 투과전자현미경을 이용하여 연구하였다. Higher-Order Laue-Zone(HOLZ) 빔들과 {200} 빔과의 dynamical coupling 결과를 검토하여 입계 양쪽 각각의 입자(grain) 내 Ga-As의 상대적 위치(방향성)를 결정하였으며, 두 입자 사이에는 inversion symmetry가 결합되지 않은 ${\Sigma}=19$ coincidence에 해당하는 교차각이 있었다. 계면은 $\{331\}_A/\{331\}_B$, [110] 결정면을 따라서 발생하는 경향이 강함을 관측했다. 이 facet에서의 원자구조 및 격자이동 등을 고분해 투과전자현미경을 이용하여 밝혔다. 5-, 7-, 그리고 6-member ring의 조합으로 되어 있는 단위를 계면원자구조 model로 제시했다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.233-239
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• 2015

Background: The Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), which is based on the Demand-Control-Support model, is designed to measure the psychosocial characteristics of the respondent's work, and has been identified to predict health and psychological outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of this instrument and the subsequent adaptation of its scales to the population of Greek health workers. Methods: The Greek version of the JCQ was developed by using forward- and back-translation in accordance with the JCQ policy. The reliability and validity of the measure were investigated in a sample of health workers working in a hospital in Athens, Greece. The internal consistency of the scales was examined based on Cronbach ${\alpha}$ coefficients, and the validity was evaluated subjecting the items of the three main scales of the JCQ (decision latitude, psychological job demands, and social support) to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The reliability of the scales was found to be acceptable for all the scales, except for the skill discretion subscale. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a slightly modified version of the original construct including several items to more than one factor. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the Greek JCQ is reliable and valid for investigating psychosocial job characteristics among Greek health workers.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.121-132
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• 2017

Purpose: In this study the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Cancer Stigma Scale (KCSS) was evaluated. Methods: The KCSS was formed through translation and modification of Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale. The KCSS, Psychological Symptom Inventory (PSI), and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire - Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) were administered to 247 men and women diagnosed with one of the five major cancers. Construct validity, item convergent and discriminant validity, concurrent validity, known-group validity, and internal consistency reliability of the KCSS were evaluated. Results: Exploratory factor analysis supported the construct validity with a six-factor solution; that explained 65.7% of the total variance. The six-factor model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis (Q (${\chi}^2/df$)= 2.28, GFI=.84, AGFI=.81, NFI=.80, TLI=.86, RMR=.03, and RMSEA=.07). Concurrent validity was demonstrated with the QLQ-C30 (global: r=-.44; functional: r=-.19; symptom: r=.42). The KCSS had known-group validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the 24 items was .89. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the 24-item KCSS has relatively acceptable reliability and validity and can be used in clinical research to assess cancer stigma and its impacts on health-related quality of life in Korean cancer patients.