• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2004

본 논문은 메모리 크기의 제약을 많이 받는 내장형 마이크로프로세서의 문제를 해결하기 위해 32-bit 명령어와 24-bit, 16-bit 명령어를 혼합 사용하여 3가지 명령어 모드를 갖는 새로운 명령어 셋(X32V ISA)을 제안하였으며, 이를 기반으로 32-bit 5 stage pipeline RISC 마이크로프로세서를 설계하였다. 이를 검증하기 위해서 X32V ISA 전용 시뮬레이터를 이용하여 멀티미디어 프로그램의 프로그램 코드 사이즈를 산출하였다. 그 결과로 Light mode와 Ultra light mode는 Default mode에 비해 각각 최소 8%, 27%의 프로그램 코드 사이즈 감소를 확인하였으며, Xilinx FPGA를 이용하여 33MHz 동작 환경에서 X32V ISA의 모든 명령어 수행을 검증하였다.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2000년도 제11회 정기총회 및 00년 동계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.276.2-278
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• 2000

In a recent years, a number of approaches have been studied, including passive, active, and hybrid mode-locking of semi-conductor lasers for short pulse generation and research has been devoted to achieve low timing-jitter operation since the timing jitter is unfavorable for system applications. Among the methods of mode locking, passive mode locking does not need external rf drives, and therefore the operation and fabrication procedures are simplified. In spite of these attractive advantages of passive mode-locked laser, it has critical drawbacks such as large timing jitter and the difficulty in synchronization with external circuits. Their inherent large timing jitter value was shown to be suppressed to certain levels by means of hybrid mode-locking technique$^{(1)}$ , where the saturable absorber section was modulated by an external signal with the cavity round trip frequency. Furthermore, the subharmonic mode-locking (SHML) technique alleviates the restrictions of high speed driving electronics. It has been demonstrated experimentally$^{(1)}$ that the hybrid subharmonic mode-locking technique has lead to significant reduction of the timing jitter. (omitted)

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 학술발표 논문집
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• pp.249-255
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• 2000

HRIV(Hybrid Rule-Interval Variation) method is presented to stabilize a class of nonlinear systems, where SMC(Sliding Mode Control) and ADC (ADaptive Control) schemes are incorporated to overcome the unstable characteristics of a conventional FLC(Fuzzy Logic Control). HRIV method consists of two modes: I-mode (Integral Sliding Mode PLC) and R-mode(RIV method). In I-mode, SMC is used to compensate for MAE(Minimum Approximation Error) caused by the heuristic characteristics of FLC. In R-mode, RIV method reduces interval lengths of rules as states converge to an equilibrium point, which makes the defined Lyapunov function candidate negative semi-definite without considering MAE, and the new uncertain parameters generated in R-mode are compensated by SMC. In RIV method, the overcontraction problem that the states are out of a rule-table can happen by the excessive reduction of rule intervals, which is solved with a dynamic modification of rule-intervals and a transition to I-mode. Especially, HRIV method has advantages to use the analytic upper bound of MAE and to reduce Its effect in the control input, compared with the previous researches. Finally, the proposed method is applied to stabilize a simple nonlinear system and a modified inverted pendulum system in simulation experiments.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.314-320
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• 2008

The cooling load in winter is significant in buildings and hotels because of the usage of office equipments and the improved wall insulation. Hence, a multi~heat pump is required to cover heating and cooling simultaneously for each indoor unit. In this study, the operating characteristics and performance of a simultaneous heating and cooling heat pump in the cooling-main operating mode were investigated experimentally. The system adopted a variable speed compressor using R410A with four indoor units and one outdoor unit. In the cooling-main mode, the heating capacity decreased due to reduction of flow rate to the indoor unit under heating mode operation. The EEV opening was adjusted to increase flow rate to the indoor unit under heating mode operation. The total capacity and COP in the cooling-main mode increased by 20.5% and 29.2%, respectively, compared with those in the cooling-only mode.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2018

Purpose: Performance recovered from SCR through cleaning was studied, measuring differential pressure, NOx reduction efficiency, fuel consumption and engine power before and after cleaning. Ideal cleaning intervals are proposed based on SCR mileage and differential pressure. SCR endurance and reliability improvements through cleaning were studied through physicochemical testing of SCR durability at 43,000km 50,000km, and 110,000km respectively. Methods: Engine power, fuel consumption and exhaust gas were measured using engine full load tests and ND-13 MODE by installing the SCR before cleaned at total engine mileages of 400,000 km, 300,000km and 200,000km. The same tests were performed after cleaning the SCR catalytic converter. Endurance and reliability of the SCR cleaning was studied through the same test by SCR catalyst after each 43,000km 50,000km, 110,000km, durability test on SCR cleaning. Conclusion: We confirmed the low-performance of the SCR due to clogging is restored by SCR cleaning technology. The NOx reduction efficiency was restored to 82%, 86% and 88% from 69%, 72% and 79%. As well as the NOx reduction efficiency, it was confirmed that the engine power, fuel consumption and back pressure was restored to fresh SCR levels. As a result of the durability and reliability achieved through SCR cleaning, we confined the appearance and reduction efficiency through visual inspection and ND-13 MODE are similar to new SCR catalysts. Finally, it was judged that there was no change in performance even when driving the SCR without cleaning throughout the 100,000 km mileage warranty.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.476-482
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• 2014

본 연구는 에멀젼 연료의 특성과 배출가스에 관하여 연구하였다. 엔진 배출가스 측정은 엔진 dinamometer로 실시하였다. 유화연료는 연소실내에서 미세폭발을 일으켜 연료를 잘게 쪼개어 주어 smoke를 감소시킨다. 그리고 물이 연소실내의 기화열을 빼앗아 연소실 내부의 온도를 낮추어 NOx 생성을 억제하는 효과를 갖는다. ND-13모드의 각 모드별 배출가스온도가 MDO에 비해 유화연료를 사용했을 때 낮게 나온 것으로 뒷받침 될 수 있었다. 유화연료의 함수율이 증가함에 따라 NOx와 smoke의 배출량은 줄어들었으며, 출력도 함수율 증가에 따라 유화연료 자체의 발열량 감소로 인하여 줄어든 것으로 판단된다. ND-13모드에서 MDO 유화연료를 시험결과 함수율 17% 유화연료의 NOx 감소량은 약 24%, smoke의 총감소량은 약 73%, $SO_2$ 감소량은 약 11%, 그리고 약 13%의 출력손실을 확인하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집 II
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• pp.1120-1125
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• 2001

A new concept of piezoelectric smart panels for noise reduction in wide band frequencies is proposed and their possibility is experimentally investigated. Multi-mode damping is studied by using a newly proposed tuning method. The proposed panels are based on passive shunt damping methods. This method is based on electrical impedance model and maximizing the dissipated energy at the shunt circuit. four PZT are attached on smart panel for improving performance of transmission noise reduction. 0 prove the concept of piezoelectric smart panels, an acoustic measurement experiment was performed. The smart panels exhibit a good noise reduction in middle and high frequency ranges due to the mass effects of absorbing materials or/and the air gap. The use of piezoelectric smart panel renders noise reduction at resonance frequency. Noise reduction at multiple resonance frequencies is experimentally investigaed.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제46권8호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2009

Motion JPEG2000과 같은 동영상 압축 시스템에서는 데이터 메모리에 대한 빈번한 접근이 전체 시스템에 큰 병목 현상이 된다. 이처럼 시스템에서 요구하는 메모리의 대역폭을 감소시키기 위해서, 본 논문은 약간의 화질 손실이 있는 새로운 embedded compression(EC) 알고리즘과 구조를 고안하였다. 또한, 메모리 내의 압축된 데이터에 임의 접근성(Random Accessibility)과 짧은 지연 시간(Latency)을 보장하기 위해서 매우 단순하면서도 효율적인 entropy 부호화 방법을 제안하였다. 본 논문에서는 JPEG2000 표준안 알고리즘에는 어떠한 변경도 하지 않으면서, 제안한 multi-mode 알고리즘을 통해 JPEG2000 시스템에서 요구하는 메모리의 대역폭의 감소(약 52${\sim}$81%) 와 코드블록 메모리의 크기를 약 2 배 이상 감소시킬 수 있었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1195-1211
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• 2016

The emerging video coding standard High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) has shown almost 40% bit-rate reduction over the state-of-the-art Advanced Video Coding (AVC) standard but at about 40% computational complexity overhead. The main reason for HEVC computational complexity is the inter prediction that accounts for 60%-70% of the whole encoding time. In this paper, we propose several fast coding unit (CU) encoding schemes based on the Merge mode and motion estimation information to reduce the computational complexity caused by the HEVC inter prediction. Firstly, an early Merge mode decision method based on motion estimation (EMD) is proposed for each CU size. Then, a Merge mode based early termination method (MET) is developed to determine the CU size at an early stage. To provide a better balance between computational complexity and coding efficiency, several fast CU encoding schemes are surveyed according to the rate-distortion-complexity characteristics of EMD and MET methods as a function of CU sizes. These fast CU encoding schemes can be seamlessly incorporated in the existing control structures of the HEVC encoder without limiting its potential parallelization and hardware acceleration. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed schemes achieve 19%-46% computational complexity reduction over the HEVC test model reference software, HM 16.4, at a cost of 0.2%-2.4% bit-rate increases under the random access coding configuration. The respective values under the low-delay B coding configuration are 17%-43% and 0.1%-1.2%.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권1C호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2005

H.264 부호화 표준은 부호화 효율을 높이기 위해 1/4 화소 단위의 움직임 추정, 다중 참조 프레임, 인트라 예측, 루프 필터, 다양한 블록 크기의 지원 등과 같은 새로운 부호화 도구들을 사용한다. 이를 통해 이전의 비디오부호화 표준들에 비해 율-왜곡(率歪曲) 관점에서 높은 성능을 보이지만 그로 인해 부호기의 복잡도는 상당히 증가한다. 본 논문은 부호기 복잡도의 증가를 초래하는 주요 부호화 도구들 중 매크로블록 모드 선택의 복잡도 감소에 주안(主眼)점을 두며, 이에 대한 복잡도 감소 알고리듬을 제시한다. 선택가능한 모든 매크로블록 모드들 중에서 $8{\times}8$ 모드와 인트라 $4{\times}4$ 모드는 다른 모드들에 비해 상대적으로 높은 복잡도를 가진다. 제안하는 알고리듬은 낮은 복잡도를 가지는 매크로블록 모드의 비용(Cost) 정보를 이용하여 $8{\times}8$ 및 인트라 $4{\times}4$의 비용을 추정함으로써 두 모드에 대한 복잡도를 감소시키고자 한다. 제안한 알고리듬을 적용한 실험은 전체 부호화 시간을 최대 $54.6{\%}$까지 감소시키는데 반해 PSNR은 단지 평균 0.012dB 감쇠(減衰)하는 것으로 나타난다.