• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 2021

Three factors that degrade the accuracy of modal decomposition are extensively studied using simulated and measured beams. These include a beam size mismatch, beam center mismatch, and signal-to-noise ratio of the images. The beam size and beam center are scanned using simulated noisy beams, and the result of the modal decomposition is compared with that of real beams. Based on the suggested procedure, error functions of approximately 1-4 × 10-3 can be acquired for real beams. This study provides important information regarding the impact of the three factors on the practical modal decomposition and tolerances of a mismatch, helping estimate the achievable values of the error function in a real beam modal decomposition.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.53 no.6
• /
• pp.482-493
• /
• 2016

The identification of modal damping of a segmented hull model with torsional response is difficult task due to the coupling of modal response. This is because the 1st and 2nd torsional vibration modes are closely spaced in frequency domain leading to the situation that the modal decomposition is difficult to achieve by simple band-pass filter. Present study applied several different modal decomposition methods to derive the damping ratio of different modes. The modal decomposition methods considered in this study are simple band-pass filter, Hilbert vibration decomposition, Wavelet transform and proper orthogonal decomposition. Coupled free decay signal obtained from the torsional hammering test on a segmented hull model was processed with four different methods and the derived damping ratios were compared with each other. Discussions also have been made on the pros and cons of the different methodologies.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
• /
• v.28 no.B
• /
• pp.135-141
• /
• 2008

In this paper, the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) method, which is a statistical analysis technique to find the modal characteristics of a structure, is adapted to identify the modal parameters of a tall chimney structure. A wind force time history, which is applied to the structure, is obtained by a wind tunnel test of a scale down model. The POD method is applied on the wind force induced responses of the structure, and the true normal modes of the structure can be obtained. The modal parameters including, natural frequency, mode shape, damping ratio and kinetic energy of the structure can be estimated accurately. With these results, it may be concluded that the POD method can be applied to obtain accurate modal parameters from the wind-induced building responses.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.221-241
• /
• 2000

Structural dynamics usually applies modal transformation rules aimed at de-coupling and/or minimizing the equations of motion. Proper orthogonal decomposition provides mathematical and conceptual tools to define suitable transformed spaces where a multi-variate and/or multi-dimensional random process is represented as a linear combination of one-variate and one-dimensional uncorrelated processes. Double modal transformation is the joint application of modal analysis and proper orthogonal decomposition applied to the loading process. By adopting this method the structural response is expressed as a double series expansion in which structural and loading mode contributions are superimposed. The simultaneous use of the structural modal truncation, the loading modal truncation and the cross-modal orthogonality property leads to efficient solutions that take into account only a few structural and loading modes. In addition the physical mechanisms of the dynamic response are clarified and interpreted.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.51 no.6
• /
• pp.713-727
• /
• 2024

Damage detection in structures using the change of modal parameters (modal shapes and natural frequencies) has achieved satisfactory results. However, as modal shapes and natural frequencies alone may not provide enough information to accurately detect damages. Therefore, a hybrid singular value decomposition and deep belief network approach is developed to effectively identify damages in aluminum plate structures. Firstly, damage locations are determined using singular value decomposition (SVD) to reveal the singularities of measured displacement modal shapes. Secondly, using experimental modal analysis (EMA) to measure the natural frequencies of damaged aluminum plates as inputs, deep belief network (DBN) is employed to search damage severities from the damage evaluation database, which are calculated using finite element method (FEM). Both simulations and experimental investigations are performed to evaluate the performance of the presented hybrid method. Several damage cases in a simply supported aluminum plate show that the presented method is effective to identify multiple damages in aluminum plates with reasonable precision.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.123-134
• /
• 2013

Identifying structural modal parameters, especially those modes within high frequency range, from ambient data is still a challenging problem due to various kinds of uncertainty involved in vibration measurements. A procedure applying an ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method is proposed for accurate and robust structural modal identification. In the proposed method, the EEMD process is first implemented to decompose the original ambient data to a set of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), which are zero-mean time series with energy in narrow frequency bands. Subsequently, a Sub-PolyMAX method is performed in narrow frequency bands by using IMFs as primary data for structural modal identification. The merit of the proposed method is that it performs structural identification in narrow frequency bands (take IMFs as primary data), unlike the traditional method in the whole frequency space (take original measurements as primary data), thus it produces more accurate identification results. A numerical example and a multiple-span continuous steel bridge have been investigated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.61-73
• /
• 2023

In this article, a novel structural modal parameters identification methodology is developed to determine the natural frequencies and damping ratios of civil structures based on the symplectic geometry mode decomposition (SGMD) approach. The SGMD approach is a new decomposition algorithm that can decompose the complex response signals with better decomposition performance and robustness. The novel method firstly decomposes the measured structural vibration response signals into individual mode components using the SGMD approach. The natural excitation technique (NExT) method is then used to obtain the free vibration response of each individual mode component. Finally, modal natural frequencies and damping ratios are identified using the direct interpolating (DI) method and a curve fitting function. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated based on numerical simulation and field measurement. The structural modal parameters are identified utilizing the simulated non-stationary responses of a frame structure and the field measured non-stationary responses of a supertall building during a typhoon. The results demonstrate that the developed method can identify the natural frequencies and damping ratios of civil structures efficiently and accurately.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2008.06a
• /
• pp.109-117
• /
• 2008

In this study, a method predicting the displacement responseof structures from the measured dynamic strain signal is proposed by using a mode decomposition technique. Dynamic loadings including wind and seismic loadings could be exerted to the bridge. In order to examine the bridge stability against these dynamic loadings, the prediction of displacement response is very important to evaluate bridge stability. Because it may be not easy for the displacement response to be acquired directly on site, an indirect method to predict the displacement response is needed. Thus, as an alternative for predicting the displacement response indirectly, the conversion of the measured strain signal into the displacement response is suggested, while the measured strain signal can be obtained using fiber optic Bragg-grating (FBG) sensors. To overcome such a problem, a mode decomposition technique was used in this study. The measured strain signal is decomposed into each modal component by using the empirical mode decomposition(EMD) as one of mode decomposition techniques. Then, the decomposed strain signals on each modal component are transformed into the modal displacement components. And the corresponding mode shapes can be also estimated by using the proper orthogonal decomposition(POD) from the measured strain signal. Thus, total displacement response could be predicted from combining the modal displacement components.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.445-460
• /
• 2023

Accurate estimation of modal parameters (i.e., natural frequency, damping ratio) of tall buildings is of great importance to their structural design, structural health monitoring, vibration control, and state assessment. Based on the combination of variational mode decomposition, smoothed discrete energy separation algorithm-1, and Half-cycle energy operator (VMD-SH), this paper presents a method for structural modal parameter estimation. The variational mode decomposition is proved to be effective and reliable for decomposing the mixed-signal with low frequencies and damping ratios, and the validity of both smoothed discrete energy separation algorithm-1 and Half-cycle energy operator in the modal identification of a single modal system is verified. By incorporating these techniques, the VMD-SH method is able to accurately identify and extract the various modes present in a signal, providing improved insights into its underlying structure and behavior. Subsequently, a numerical study of a four-story frame structure is conducted using the Newmark-β method, and it is found that the relative errors of natural frequency and damping ratio estimated by the presented method are much smaller than those by traditional methods, validating the effectiveness and accuracy of the combined method for the modal identification of the multi-modal system. Furthermore, the presented method is employed to estimate modal parameters of a full-scale tall building utilizing acceleration responses. The identified results verify the applicability and accuracy of the presented VMD-SH method in field measurements. The study demonstrates the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed VMD-SH method in accurately estimating modal parameters of tall buildings from acceleration response data.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.171-181
• /
• 2023

Using the most up-to-date system identification methods in both time and frequency domains, the dynamic monitoring data from the reinforced concrete Egebaekvej Bridge near Holte, Denmark, is examined in this investigation. The bridge was erected in the 1960s and was still standing during test campaign before demolishing. The ARTeMIS Modal was adopted to derive the modal parameters from ambient vibration data. Several Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) approaches were applied, including Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition (EFDD), Curve-fit Frequency Domain Decomposition (CFDD), and Frequency Domain Decomposition (FDD). Afterward, Principal Component (SSI-PC), Unweighted Principal Component (SSI-UPC) Stochastic Subspace Identification methods were utilized. Danish engineering consulting company, COWI with the allowance of the bridge contractor BARSLUND, allow the researcher for this experimental test to demonstrate the impact of OMA applications.