• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.13 no.12
• /
• pp.5928-5947
• /
• 2019

Multicast Mesh based Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs) provide efficient data transmission in energy restraint areas without a fixed infrastructure. In this paper, the authors present an improved version of protocol SLIMMER developed by them earlier, and name it SLIMMER-SN. Most mesh-based protocols suffer from redundancy; however, the proposed protocol controls redundancy through the concept of forwarding nodes. The proposed protocol uses remaining energy of a node to decide its energy efficiency. For measuring stability, a new metric called Stability of Node (SN) has been introduced which depends on transmission range, node density and node velocity. For data transfer, a weighted cost function selects the most energy efficient nodes / most stable nodes or a weighted combination of both. This makes the node selection criteria more dynamic. The protocol works in two steps: (1) calculating SN and (2) using SN value in the weighted cost function for selection of nodes. The study compared the proposed protocol, with other mesh-based protocols PUMA and SLIMMER, based on packet delivery ratio (PDR), throughput, end-to-end delay and average energy consumption under different simulation conditions. Results clearly demonstrate that SLIMMER-SN outperformed both PUMA and SLIMMER.

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 2017

MANET is a network composed itself because mobile nodes are connected wirelessly. It has been applied to various fields for group communication. However, the dynamic topology by the movement of the nodes causes routing failure frequently because it is difficult to maintain the position information of the nodes participating in the group communication. Also, it has a problem that network performance is decreased due to high overhead for managing information of member nodes. In this paper, we propose a multicast technique using location-based 2-tier virtual group that is flexible and reliable in management of member nodes. The network is composed of cellular zones and the virtual group is constructed using the location information of the nodes in the proposed technique. The virtual group management node is selected to minimize the overhead of location information management for member nodes in the virtual group. In order to improve the reliability for management of member nodes and multicast data transmission, it excludes the gateway node with low transfer rate when setting the route after the packet transmission rate of the member nodes is measured. The excellent performance of the proposed technique can be confirmed through comparative experiments with AMroute method and PAST-DM method.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.22 no.8
• /
• pp.797-804
• /
• 2011

Network coding has recently emerged as an effective solution for multicast and broadcast communications in wireless ad hoc networks. In this paper, we propose a throughput performance model for IEEE 802.11 wireless networks with network coding. Specifically, we consider IEEE 802.11 DCF protocol and linear topology in which traffic sources are located at both ends and intermediate nodes act as relays performing network coding. The proposed analytic model has the form of nonlinear equations in terms of throughput of each node. The solution of the nonliear equations thus correspond to the end-to-end throughput. Extensive simulation experiments have been performed to validate accuracy of the proposed model. Numerical results show that the results of the proposed analytic model agree fairly well with the corresponding simulation results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.319-321
• /
• 2005

이동 애드 혹 네트워크은 빈번한 위상 변화가 일어난다. 이에 대처하기 위해 비상태 멀티캐스팅이나 위상 변화에 강한 특성을 지니는 오버레이 멀티캐스트 프로토콜들이 제안되고 있다. 하지만 이들의 대부분은 소규모 그룹에 대한 멀티캐스트만을 지원한다. 그러나 이동 애드 혹 네트워크의 대표적인 응용들은 대규모 그룹 통신을 사용하므로 확장성 문제는 해결되어야 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이를 개선하기 위해 단일 홉 클러스터링과 프록시 노드 사용을 제안한다. 단일 홉 클러스터링은 구조적인 관리가 필요한 노드 수를 줄일 수 있으며 프록시 노드는 단일 홉 클러스터링으로 줄어든 노드들에게 계층화된 포워딩을 제공한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.325-327
• /
• 2005

이동 애드혹 네트워크에서 트리와 메쉬 기반의 멀티캐스트 메커니즘들은 트리의 빈번한 재구성 및 자원 사용의 비효율적인 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 제안된 오버레이 멀티캐스트 메커니즘들 역시 오버레이 트리의 재구성으로 인한 과부하와 밀접한 멤버간의 비효율적인 전송, 그리고 네트워크 확장성에 대한 문제점들을 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 이를 개선하기 위해 위치정보를 기반으로 밀접한 멤버노드들을 클러스터로 관리하여 클러스터 내에서는 브로드캐스팅을 적용하고, 멀티캐스트 소스와 클러스터 대표노드들간에는 유니캐스팅을 적용하는 오버레이 멀티캐스트 메커니즘을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.1109-1112
• /
• 2005

모바일 애드혹 네트워크에서의 멀티캐스트는 멀티캐스트 그룹 내의 다중 노드들의 상호 협력을 필요로 하는 많은 응용분야에 기본적으로 사용되기 때문에 광범위하게 연구되어 오고 있다. 본 논문에서는 k-홉 중복 경로를 갖는 트리 기반 멀티캐스트 메쉬를 제안한다. 여기서, k 는 노드 이동성을 포함한 네트워크의 동적 특성에 따라 결정될 수 있다. 네트워크가 불안정하고 노드들이 활발히 움직이면, 멀티캐스트 패킷의 보다 확실한 전달을 위하여 k 값을 크게 설정한다. 성능 평가 결과에 의하면, 제안한 트리 기반 멀티캐스트 메쉬의 패킷 손실율은 낮은 노드 속도 및 높은 노드 속도 모두에서 멀티캐스트 트리의 패킷 손실율보다 낮다. 주어진 시뮬레이션 환경에서 수용 가능한 k 값은 2 이며, 이는 상당히 낮은 패킷 손실율을 달성하기에 충분한 값이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2007.10a
• /
• pp.134-135
• /
• 2007

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.43-51
• /
• 2017

MANET consists of only wireless nodes having limited processing capability. It processes routing and data transmission through cooperation among each other. And it is exposed to many attack threats due to the dynamic topology by movement of nodes and multi-hop communication. Therefore, the reliability of transmitted data between nodes must be improved and security of integrity must be high. In this paper, we propose a method to increase the reliability of transmitted data by providing a secure cryptography protocol. The proposed method used a hierarchical structure to provide smooth cryptographic services. The cluster authentication node issues the cluster authentication key pair and unique key to the nodes. The nodes performs the encryption through two steps of encryption using cluster public key and block encryption using unique key. Because of this, the robustness against data forgery attacks was heightened. The superior performance of the proposed method can be confirmed through comparative experiment with the existing security routing method.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.21 no.7
• /
• pp.341-349
• /
• 2021

Many emerging mobile ad-hoc network application communications are group-oriented. Multicast supports group-oriented applications efficiently, particularly in a mobile environment that has a limited bandwidth and limited power. Energy effectiveness along with safety are 2 key problem in MANET design. Within this paper, MANET is presented with a stable, energy-efficient clustering technique. In this proposed work advanced clustering in the networks with ticket ID cluster manager (TID-CMGR) has formed in MANET. The proposed routing scheme makes secure networking the shortest route possible. In this article, we propose a Cluster manager approach based on TICKET-ID to address energy consumption issues and reduce CH workload. TID-CMGR includes two mechanism including ticket ID controller, ticketing pool, route planning and other components. The CA (cluster agent) shall control and supervise the functions of nodes and inform to TID-CMGR. The CH conducts and transfers packets to the network nodes. As the CH energy level is depleted, CA elects the corresponding node with elevated energy values, and all new and old operations are simultaneously stored by CA at this time. A simulation trial for 20 to 100 nodes was performed to show the proposed scheme performance. The suggested approach is used to do experimental work using the NS- simulator. TIDCMGR is compared with TID BRM and PSO to calculate the utility of the work proposed. The assessment shows that the proposed TICKET-ID scheme achieves 90 percent more than other current systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.97-100
• /
• 2001

For the auto-configuration of diverse hosts and automation of network management as many electronic machines and industrial components are becoming connected to Internet, it is possible to use autoconfiguration using DHCP and network management protocol such as SNMP, CMIP. But these technologies are not developed maturely and lack various standardizations yet because these are designed for restrictive purposes in the past. The new working group "Zeroconf" is made in IETF at March, 2000, it is aimed for making standards of autoconfiguration which is applied to impromptu ad-hoc networks in automobiles, trains, planes and home network or mobile networks. In this paper, we introduce the IPv6 based autoconfiguration technologies such as IP interface configuration, translation between host name and IP address, IP multicast address allocation and service discovery. Finally, trends of standardization in Zeroconf working group will be shown. be shown.