• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.8
• /
• pp.1456-1464
• /
• 2007

The research of skin-tone detection has been conducting continuously to enlarge the importance in security, surveillance and administration of the information and 'Password Control System' for using face and skin recognition in airports, harbors and general companies. As well as tile rapid diffusion of the application range in image communications and an electron transaction using wide range of communication network, the importance of the accurate detection of skin color has been augmenting recently. In this paper, it will set up the boundaries of skin colors using the information of Cb and Cr in YCbCr color model of human skin color which is from hundreds compiled portrait images for each race, and suggest a efficient yet simple structure about the skin detection which has been followed by whether the comprehension of the boundaries of skin or not with adaptive skin-range set. With the possibility of the 1D Processes which does not use any memory, it is able to be applied to relatively small-sized hardware and system such as mobile apparatuses. To add the selective mode, it is not only available the improvement of tie skin detection, but also showing the correspondent results about previous face recognition technologies using complicated algorithm.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Information Technology
• /
• v.15 no.12
• /
• pp.157-164
• /
• 2017

Mobile ECG signal measurement is a technique to measure small signals of several mV, and many studies have been conducted to remove noise including wandering scheme. Removal of the equipotential line noise caused by shaking or movement of the electrode cable is one of the core research contents for the electrocardiogram measurement. In this study, we proposed a modified step-size of combined NLMS(normalized least squares) and DLMS(delayed least squares) adaptive filter to eliminate baseline noise from ECG signals. The proposed method mainly adjusts initial filter step-size to reduce distortion of original ECG signals characteristic after eliminating baseline noise. The modified filter step-size is scaled by filter order size and distortion minimization factor. This method is suitable for portable ECG device with a small processor and less power consumption. This technique also decreases computation time which is essential for real-time filtering. The proposed filter also increase the signal to noise ratio (SNR) compared to conventional NLMS filter.

• Knowledge Management Research
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.253-271
• /
• 2021

Due to the spread of COVID-19, the use of O2O order·delivery applications are becoming very common. Unlike the past, where customers could choose the desired transaction method and channel, these days, where customers' choices are very limited, it is urgent to consider the concept of shadow labor which has been hindered by the convenience and the benefits of order·delivery app. To this end, in this study, the service quality factors perceived by users of O2O order·delivery app and their shadow work attributes were identified, and priorities according to their relative importance and satisfaction level were suggested. In order to fulfill research objectives, first, after collecting user reviews for an O2O order·delivery app, the subject words were derived using topic modeling. Research variables were selected by linking 11 keywords with the concepts of previous studies on service quality of mobile apps and those about shadow labor. Eight variables of usefulness, ease of use, stability, design quality, personalization, responsiveness, update, and presence were selected. Based on 32 measurement items from the variables, a revised IPA was conducted, and finally, 'keep', 'concentrate', 'low priority', or 'overkill' service quality factors are revealed.

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.191-200
• /
• 2021

Artificial intelligence technology is developing in an environment where a lot of data is produced due to the development of computing technology, a cloud environment that can store data, and the spread of personal mobile phones. Among these artificial intelligence technologies, the deep neural network provides excellent performance in image recognition and image classification. There have been many studies on image detection for forest fires and fire prevention using such a deep neural network, but studies on detection of cigarette smoking were insufficient. Meanwhile, military units are establishing surveillance systems for various facilities through CCTV, and it is necessary to detect smoking near ammunition stores or non-smoking areas to prevent fires and explosions. In this paper, by reflecting experimentally optimized numerical values such as activation function and learning rate, we did the detection of smoking pictures and non-smoking pictures in two cases. As experimental data, data was constructed by crawling using pictures of smoking and non-smoking published on the Internet, and a machine learning library was used. As a result of the experiment, when the learning rate is 0.004 and the optimization algorithm Adam is used, it can be seen that the accuracy of 93% and F1-score of 94% are obtained.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 2018

Objectives: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) is a national surveillance system that has been assessing the health and nutritional status of Koreans since 1998. Based on the National Health Promotion Act, the surveys have been conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). Methods: An oral examination as part of The National Health and Nutrition Examination was proposed to calculate the sample design and survey participation. The surveying system was presented by classifying the measurement environment, screening, and survey items by year, and the merits and limitations of using the data were suggested by examining the status of survey quality management and the process of disclosing raw data. Results: This nationally representative cross-sectional survey samples approximately 10,000 individuals each year and collects information on oral examinations and oral health interviews. Data for the oral health component of KNHANES was obtained to assess the oral health status of Koreans and determine the prevalence of dental caries and periodontitis. The oral health data quality control of KNHANES was composed of three parts: "Education Program" and "Field Training Program" for quality control of oral health examiners (dentists) by the professional academy, and "Data management" by the KCDC. After completion of the three-step data check, the indicators of dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral health behavior were published in the National Health Statistics. Conclusions: To achieve the goals of oral health indicators, we will continue to monitor so that we can use it as basic data for oral policies and carry out various linkage analyses related to oral diseases.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.20-26
• /
• 2019

Where hydraulic structures are to be installed over the entire width of a river or stream, usually a bed protection structure is to be installed. However, a local scour occurs in which the river bed downstream of the river protection system is eroded due to the influence of the upstream flow characteristics. This local scour is dominant in the flow and turbulence characteristics at the boundary of the flow direction and in the material of the bed materials, and may gradually become dangerous over time. Therefore, in this study, we compared the turbulence patterns in the local scour hole at the downstream of the river bed protection with the results of the analysis of the mobile bed experiment, and compared with the application of OpenFoam, a three dimensional numerical analysis model. The distribution of depth-averaged relative turbulence intensities along the flow direction was analyzed. In addition to this result, the stabilization of scour hole was compared with the bed shear stress and Shields parameter, and the results were compared by changing the initial turbulent flow conditions. From the results, it was confirmed that the maximum depth of generation of the three-stage was dominantly developed by the magnitude of depth-averaged relative turbulence intensity rather than the mean flow velocity. This result also suggests that design, construction or gate control are needed to control the depth-averaged relative turbulence intensities in order to reduce or prevent the local scour faults that may occur in the downstream part of the bed protection.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.503-509
• /
• 2019

The demand for smaller, faster, and multi-functional mobile devices in increasing at a rapidly increasing rate. In response to these trends, Stacked Chip Scale Package (SCSP) is used widely in the assembly industry. A film type adhesive called die attach film (DAF) is used widely for bonding chips in SCSP. The DAF requires high flowability at high die attachment temperatures for bonding chips on organic substrates, where the DAF needs to feel the gap depth, or for bonding the same sized dies, where the DAF needs to penetrate bonding wires. In this study, the mixture design of experiment (DOE) was performed for three raw materials to obtain the optimized DAF recipe for low elastic modulus at high temperature. Three components are acrylic polymer (SG-P3) and two solid epoxy resins (YD011 and YDCN500-1P) with different softening points. According to the DOE results, the elastic modulus at high temperature was influenced greatly by SG-P3. The elastic modulus at $100^{\circ}C$ decreased from 1.0 MPa to 0.2 MPa as the amount of SG-P3 was decreased by 20%. In contrast, the elastic modulus at room temperature was dominated by YD011, an epoxy with a higher softening point. The optimized DAF recipe showed approximately 98.4% pickup performance when a UV dicing tape was used. A DAF crack that occurred in curing was effectively suppressed through optimization of the cure accelerator amount and two-step cure schedule. The imizadole type accelerator showed better performance than the amine type accelerator.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.127-133
• /
• 2021

In this study, an augmented reality-based make-up tool was built to analyze the user's face shape based on face-type reference model data and to provide virtual makeup by providing face-type makeup. To analyze the face shape, first recognize the face from the image captured by the camera, then extract the features of the face contour area and use them as analysis properties. Next, the feature points of the extracted face contour area are normalized to compare with the contour area characteristics of each face reference model data. Face shape is predicted and analyzed using the distance difference between the feature points of the normalized contour area and the feature points of the each face-type reference model data. In augmented reality-based virtual makeup, in the image input from the camera, the face is recognized in real time to extract the features of each area of the face. Through the face-type analysis process, you can check the results of virtual makeup by providing makeup that matches the analyzed face shape. Through the proposed system, We expect cosmetics consumers to check the makeup design that suits them and have a convenient and impact on their decision to purchase cosmetics. It will also help you create an attractive self-image by applying facial makeup to your virtual self.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.827-839
• /
• 2012

A cell phone is very close to the user and therefore should be considered in digital forensic investigation. Recently, the proportion of smartphone owners is increasing dramatically. Unlike the feature phone, users can utilize various mobile application in smartphone because it has high-performance operating system (e.g., Android, iOS). As acquisition and analysis of user data in smartphone are more important in digital forensic purposes, smartphone forensics has been studied actively. There are two way to do smartphone forensics. The first way is to extract user's data using the backup and debugging function of smartphones. The second way is to get root permission, and acquire the image of flash memory. And then, it is possible to reconstruct the filesystem, such as YAFFS, EXT, RFS, HFS+ and analyze it. However, this methods are not suitable to recovery and analyze deleted data from smartphones. This paper introduces analysis techniques for fragmented flash memory pages in smartphones. Especially, this paper demonstrates analysis techniques on the image that reconstruction of filesystem is impossible because the spare area of flash memory pages does not exist and the pages in unallocated area of filesystem.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.496-502
• /
• 2020

The electronic attendance management system is being introduced and operated on a pilot basis by some universities and educational institutions. However, most of the related systems have installed and operated the existing barcode and magnetic card systems. Classroom attendance is managed by introducing RF cards, but it causes problems such as recognition distance (less than 5cm) and the need for a check process in which students have to read the card each time with a reader for attendance. Also, it is not possible to respond in real time to the situation of midterm (early leave, absence from the second lecture time, etc.) because it is used in the lecture time of one subject with the record checked once. In order to solve these problems, the various mobile attendance systems proposed to solve these problems are also unable to fundamentally solve problems such as interim attendance and proxy attendance because they check attendance using only the application of a smartphone. In this paper, we use geofencing technology, which is a positioning-based technology that detects the entry and exit of people, objects, etc. in areas separated by virtual boundaries. The proposed system solves the problem of intermediate attendance and alternate attendance by setting the student to automatically record the access record when entering and leaving the classroom set as a geofence with a smartphone. In addition, it also provides a function to prevent unintentional mistakes that occur through the smartphone by limiting some of the functions of the smartphone such as silence, vibration, and Internet use when entering the classroom.