• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.610-613
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• 2012

In this study, plant extracts including 25% Saururus chinensis, 20% Morus bombycis stem and 20% Morus papyrifera stem were tested to use as possible cosmetic agent. As cosmetic effect test, cell toxicity test, elastase inhibition assay, tyrosinase inhibition assay, anti-oxidation assay and temperature stability test were done as cosmetic assays. Plant extract showed low cell toxicity, excellent elastase inhibition and anti-oxidation effect, however, tyrosinase inhibition effect was lower. Skin, lotion and essence formulation was made using plant extracts and temperature stability test was done. Skin and essence indicated good stability, however, lotion showed phase separation and severe viscosity variation, which means lotion formulation change. From the research, plant extracts including Saururus chinensis, Morus bombycis stem and Morus papyrifera stem were suitable for possible cosmetic agent.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.614-620
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• 2003

Mulberry, Morifolium leaves and fruits, Lycii fructus, and Panax ginseng have been known to maintain normal blood sugar levels in folk medicine. Here we investigated the effects of coated rice (Sodangmi$^{TM}$) with these herb extracts to diabetes mellitus patients. Alloxan-induced diabetic mice (80 mg/kg bw, i.v.) separated into 4 groups. 2 groups received the mixed extracts of these plants (Sodans Extract$^{TM}$) orally everyday for 4 weeks. Positive control received Alloxan except Sodans Extract$^{TM}$. Negative control received neither Alloxan nor Sodang Extract$^{TM}$. Blood sugar levels, volume of water consumed, body weights of each group were measured and compared. Blood sugar levels in the Alloxan and Sodang Extract$^{TM}$-received groups got close to normal levels on 4th week after starting the experiments. Volume of water consumed also showed similar pattern. Blood sugar levels in positive control remained high through the experimental periods. Body weights in positive control remained low, but those in the extracts-received groups recovered to normal levels. The clinical trials for both of healthy volunteers and diabetes mellitus patients also showed Sodangmi$^{TM}$ could control blood sugar level. The blood sugar level decreased since 3rd week after starting to receive Sodangmi$^{TM}$, and the difference between the blood sugar level before and after the meal was decreased significantly by receiving Sodangmi$^{TM}$. From these results, we suggest that the functional rice with herb extracts could be used as a new alimentotherapy for diabetes mellitus patients.llitus patients.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.83-87
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• 2012

To determine the effects of kimchi extracts at different temperatures on larval development, $Ascaris$ $suum$ eggs were mixed with soluble part of 7 different brands of commercially available kimchi and preserved at either $5^{\circ}C$ or $25^{\circ}C$ for up to 60 days. $A.$ $suum$ eggs incubated at $25^{\circ}C$ showed marked differences in larval development between kimchi extract and control group. While all eggs in the control group completed embryonation by day 21, only 30% of the eggs in the kimchi extract group became embryonated by day 36 and about 25% never became larvated even at day 60. At $5^{\circ}C$, however, none of the eggs showed larval development regardless of the incubation period or type of mixture group. To determine the survival rate of $A.$ $suum$ eggs that showed no embryonation after being preserved at $5^{\circ}C$, eggs preserved in kimchi extracts for 14, 28, and 60 at $5^{\circ}C$ were re-incubated at $25^{\circ}C$ for 3 weeks in distilled water. While all eggs in the control group became larvated, eggs in the kimchi extract group showed differences in their embryonation rates by the incubation period; 87.4 % and 41.7% of the eggs became embryonated after being refrigerated for 14 days and 28 days, respectively. When refrigerated for 60 days, however, no eggs mixed in kimchi extract showed larval development. Our results indicate that embryogenesis of $A.$ $suum$ eggs in kimchi extract was affected by duration of refrigeration, and that all eggs stopped larval development completely in kimchi kept at $5^{\circ}C$ for up to 60 days.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.1491-1498
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• 2015

In this study we investigated the effect of vaccine efficacy and immune activities by feeding additives several natural herbal remedies extracts of Sweet Wormwood (Artemisia annua), Galla Rhois, Oriental raisin tree (Havenia Dulicis) and 6-mixed herb to Oilve flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Each group of fish fed with the herbal remedies added feed and basic formula during the seven weeks and vaccinated with Edwardsiella tarda Formalin killed vaccine after 4 weeks feeding. Relative Percentage Survival values (RPS) in the group was assessed by the challenge with E.tarda. All groups with the herbal remedies added feed enhanced growth rate, but there were not significantly different in lysozyme activity and agglutination titer. In a challenge experiment with E.tarda, RPS in the all groups feeding additives natural herbal remedies was higher than that of the control group. These results suggest that the natural herbal remedies extracts of Sweet Wormwood (Artemisia annua), Galla Rhois, Oriental raisin tree (Havenia Dulicis) and 6-mixed herb would be effective to enhance efficacy of vaccination to Olive flounder.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.52-60
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• 1989

This study was carried out to know the possibility of simultaneous utilization of laccase from white-rot fungus with cellulase on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic substrate from autohydrolyzed oak wood. Laccases from 3 white-rot fungi, Pleurotus ostreatus. Ganoderma lucidum, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium, were isolated, purified and measured their activities. The highest activity was shown in Pleurotus ostreatus and the lowest in Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Laccase from Pleurotus ostreatus has optimum pH of 5.94, Km value of 3.209 mM and appeared to be stable at relatively wide pH range, 4.7-8.72. Temperature stability showed that 60% activity was preserved after 40 minutes at $50^{\circ}C$. Laccase from Ganoderma lucidum reached to the maximum activity during 15-20 day incubation. This enzyme has optimum pH of 6.45, Km value of 6.71 mM and pH range of 5.0-9.0 for stabilization. 95% activity was preserved at $30^{\circ}C$ and 58% activity at $50^{\circ}C$. Concerned to the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic substrate with both enzymes, cellulase and laccase, simultaneously, mixed culture filtrates and mycellium extracts were shown higher hydrolysis rates than those of Trichoderma viride. There were no significant differences in the extent of hydrolysis among various mixed culture filtrates and mycellium extracts.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.417-422
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• 2020

We developed a seasoning sauce using hot water extracts from anchovy Engraulis japonica fish sauce processing by-products. A temperature of 121℃ was maintained for 120 min and the resulting amino acid content, salinity, and pH were 183.6 mg/100 g, 6.86, and 17.4 g/100 g, respectively. Radish juice, sea tangle Saccharina japonica extract, and mushroom Lentinula edodes were added to improve the flavor. The glutamic acid content of the extract mixed with 10% sea tangle extract was 88.87 mg/100 g and the 5'-GMP (guanine 5'-monophosphate) content of the extract mixed with 10% mushroom extract was 9.67 mg/ g. This study was conducted to determine optimal processing conditions for seasoned products using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions for X₁ (sea tangle extract concentration) and X₂ (mushroom extract concentration) were 15.0% and 5.0%, respectively, and the predicted values of the multiple response optimal conditions were Y₁ (5'-GMP: 17.36 mg/100 g) and Y₂ (glutamic acid: 157.35 mg/100 g). Under the optimal conditions, the experimental values of Y₁ and Y₂ were 17.32 mg/g and 155.36 mg/100 g, respectively, which are similar to the predicted values. We confirmed the feasibility of developing a seasoning sauce using hot water extract from anchovy fish sauce processing by-products and additives.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.163-178
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• 2011

Objective : This study is conducted to evaluate the efficiency of ethanol extracts of 4 mixed herbs(CP001 or CP002) on mouse model of atopic dermatitis induced by ovalbumin. Methods : Female BALB/c mice were internally sensitized with ovalbumin($20{\mu}g$) plus aluminum hydroxide hydrate(4mg) once per week. After 3 weeks, they were dermally challenged with patches containing ovalbumin ($100{\mu}g$) plus aluminum hydroxide hydrate(20mg) every other day for 3 weeks. After induction of atopic dermatitis, mice back skin were gently rubbed with CP001 or CP002(200mg/$m{\ell}$, $100{\mu}{\ell}$) for two weeks(every 2 days). Results : In CP001 or CP002 treated group, there was a remarkable reduction in infiltration of eosinophils on the skin areas and diminution of mast cells and total T cells in blood samples as compared with control group. Cutaneous expressions of interleukin-13, 17 were also decreased by CP001 or CP002. Moreover, blood immunoglobulin E level was decreased by drug administration while there was no decrease in OVA sensitization group. Conclusion : In summary, our result shows that herbal extracts(CP001 and CP002) could be potential candidates for the treatment of chronic atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.60-69
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• 2000

In this paper we propose a new two-color signal processing algorithm for efficient target tracking under complicated condition including interfernces such as background noises and countermeasures. For the efficient target tracking, we adopt two detection bands, and define the ratio between two band signals which represents the spectral distribution characteristics of a target or interference. The proposed algorithm detects the ratio of interference, and extracts only the target signal from the target and the interference mixed signal by using it. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we apply it to a rosette tracker and perform various simulations. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm extracts the target signal from the mixed signal well. The proposed algorithm is also ready to be applied to a real system since it is simple and adaptive for environment change.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.441-448
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a method that segments the image, extracts its slope and compensate it in the image that text and background are mixed. The proposed method uses morphology based preprocessing and extracts the edges using canny operator. And after segmenting the image which the edges are extracted, it excludes the areas which the edges are included, only uses the area which the edges are included and creates the projection histograms according to their various direction slopes. Using them, it takes a slope having the greatest edge concentrativeness of each area and compensates the slope of the scene. On extracting the slope of the mixed scene of the text and background, the method can get better results as 0.7% than the existing methods as it excludes the useless areas that the edges do not exist.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.49-63
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• 2022

Anti-cholinesterase (ChE)s are commonly prescribed as the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease. They are applied to prevent the breakdown of neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) that bind to muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in the synaptic cleft. Seaweeds are one of the richest sources of bioactive compounds for both nutraceuticals and pharmacognosy applications. This study aimed to determine the anti-ChEs activity of Gracilaria manilaensis, one of the red seaweeds notables for its economic importance as food and raw materials for agar production. Methanol extracts (GMM) of G. manilaensis were prepared through maceration, and further purified with column chromatography into a semi-pure fraction. Ellman assay was carried out to determine the anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and anti-butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities of extracts and fractions. Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis was carried out to determine the inhibition kinetic of potent extract and fraction. Major compound(s) from the most potent fraction was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS). GMM and fraction G (GMMG) showed significant inhibitory activity AChE with EC₅₀ of 2.6 mg/mL and 2.3 mg/mL respectively. GMM and GMMG exhibit mixed-inhibition and uncompetitive inhibition respectively against AChE. GMMG possesses neuroprotective compounds such as cynerine A, graveolinine, militarinone A, eplerenone and curumenol. These findings showed a promising insight of G. manilaensis to be served as a nutraceutical for neuronal health care in the future.