• 한국암석학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국암석학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.25-29
• /
• 1999

Manganese (Mn) oxides in soils and sediments differ in structure and composition. The influence of that diversity on the chromium (Cr) oxidation is the subject of this report. Oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) by coarse clay size Mn oxides (synthetic pyrolusite and natural lithiophorite, todorokite, and bimessite) was studied. Chromium oxidation by Mn oxides was initially fast and followed by a slow reaction. More Cr was oxidized by the Mn oxides at lower pH and higher initial Cr(III) concentration in solution. Birnessite had the highest chromium oxidation capacity per unit external surface area (COCUESA) and lithiophorite had the lowest COCUESA. The kinetics of Cr oxidation and COCUESA of Mn oixdes were apparently controlled by reactivity of surface Mn, mineralogy, and solution properties (pH and Cr(III) concentration).

• 한국광물학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.11-17
• /
• 1989

The kaolin deposits in Hadong-Sancheong area, have been formed by supergene weathering of anorthositic rocks including anorthosite, leucogabbro, and gabbro. Kaolin consists chiefly of halloysite(10$\AA$) and kaolinite with other minerals such as illite, vermiculite, plagioclase, hornblende, quartz amorphous materials(allophane and siica), goethite, and hematite. Goethite and hematite are the major coloring agents of the reddish brown and other colored kaolins. Other common accessory minerals are magnetite, ilmentite, anatase, gibbsite, I/S, C/V, chlorite, lithiophorite, and birnessite. Paragonite, dravite, laumontite, clinozoisite, muscovite, scolecite, stellerite are locally found. Al substitution of Fe in goethite and hematite decreases from the surface zone toward the deeper zone. The kaolin deposits show three horizontal zoning; the upper reddish brown, middle pink, and lower white zones. All the zones are characterized by somewhat different mineralogy. The factors for the formation of kaolin deposits in Hadong-Sancheong area are 1) the presence of anorthositic rocks, 2) the low flat or gentle topography, 3) the favorable climate, and 4) the long-continued preservation of kaolins with-out erosion.

• 한국광물학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.40-47
• /
• 1988

Mineralogy of sand, silt and clay fractions from the five chronosequence soils of Jeju Island is studied with the X-ray, TEM and SEM techniques. Soils of Songag and Donghong situated at lower elevations are generally developed on relatively of ash or alluvial deposits and contain mainly ferromagnesian minerals and feldspars, with some quartz, mica and volcanic glass. Crystalline minerals are dominant in the clay fraction; halloysite and vermiculite are abundant but small amounts of allophane are present. Clay migration results in well developed ferrigargillan, Soils of Pyeongdae and Heugag located at higher elevations are developed on relatively young volcanic ash with some contamination of continental aeolian dust probably containing quartz which may be come from acid ash shower. The absence of clay illuivation is due to the dominance of allophane. This clay mineral is associated with some gibbsite, imogolite and halloysite.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제55권4호
• /
• pp.1495-1506
• /
• 2023

For the safe disposal of high-level radioactive waste using Engineered Barrier Systems (EBS), bentonite buffer is used by its high swelling capability and low hydraulic conductivity. When the bentonite buffer is contacted to heated pore water containing ions by radioactive decay, chemical alterations of minerals such as illitization reaction occur. Illitization of bentonite indicates the alteration of expandable smectite into non-expandable illite, which threatens the stability and integrity of EBS. This study intends to provide a thorough review on the information underlying in the illitization of bentonite, by covering basic clay mineralogy, smectite expansion, mechanisms and observation of illitization, and illitization in EBS. Since understanding of smectite illitization is crucial for securing the safety and integrity of nuclear waste disposal systems using bentonite buffer, this thorough review study is expected to provide essential and concise information for the preventive EBS design.

• 한국광물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국암석학회.한국광물학회 2002년도 공동학술발표회 한국암석학회 창립10주년 기념 국제학술발표회
• /
• pp.74-76
• /
• 2002

• 한국제4기학회지
• /
• 제18권2호통권23호
• /
• pp.3-3
• /
• 2004

One short core with length of 146cm(HB-107, at coordinates of $N51^{\circ}$11'37.5";$E100^{\circ}$24'45.6", from 229m water depth was subject of the present study. The sub-samples of the core were analyzed for the water contents (WC%), biogenic silica, identification of the main phases, grain size distribution, geochemistry and some physical properties of sediment(Wet density and Magnetic susceptibility) with aims of recording palaeo-environmental changes in Northem Mongolia. The evaluation of the geochemical and mineralogical proxies on palaeo-climated and palaeo-environmental changes are based on comparison to the behvior of biogenic silica through core, as later one had been showed itself, as good indicator of the climate and environmental fluctuation. Age model of the investigating core based on previously C 14 dated core HB105 taken from the central part of the Hobsgol Lake and the result had been published elsewhere. The core consists of two litological varieties : upper diatomaceous silt, lower clay. According to the age model the upper diatomaceous silt formed during the Holocene, lower caly-during the late Pleistocene glacial period. The geochemistry and phase identification analysis on the core samples are resulted in determining main minerals that form the bottom sediments and their geochemistry. The main include quartz, felspar, muscovite, clinochlore, amphibole and carbonate phase(dolomite and calcite). Through the core not only occur the relative quantitative changes of the main phases, but also happen that the carbonate phase completely disappear in diatomaceous silt. This is believed to be related to the lake water salinity changes, which occurred during the trassition period from Pleistocene glacial-to the Holocene interglacial. These abrupt changes of the mineralogy have been clearly traced in geochemistry of sediments, specially in calcium concentration, which is high in lower clay and low in upper diatomaceous silt. That means, geochemistry and mineralogy of the bottom sediments can be used as proxy data on palaeo-climate and palaeo-environmental changes.

• 한국광물학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.58-72
• /
• 2001

The Cretaceous granite, andesite and sedimentary rocks are widely distributed in the northern Pusan area. The present study investigates mineralogical and geochemical charateristics of residual and cultivated soils derived from these rocks. The soils of granite area contain a large amount of quartz relative to clay minerals, whereas the soils of the andesite area contain more clay minerals than quartz. Clay minerals consist mainly of kaolin minerals illite hydroxy interlayered vermiculite interstratified mica/vermiculite and chlorite. Kaolin minerals are abundant in paddy soils while illite is abundant in less weathered soils. Si and K are major elements in the soils of granite area while Fe and Al in the soils of andesite area. In all the soils Ca, Mg and Na were generally depleted in comparison to those in parent rocks. Analysis data of trace element show that the enrichment pattern in soils depends on parent rock type with high oncentration of some elements over 100 ppm: Ba and Rb in granite area Zn, Bn, and V in andesite area, and Ba and V in sedimentary rock. In granite area, Rb and Th were greatly enriched in soil than in parent rocks. However, Cr, Ni and Sr commonly decrease, whereas Pb increases in all the soils. Exchangeable cation capacity(CEC) is relatively high in the soils of andesite are including abundant clay minerals. Collective evidences prove that the mineralogical and chemical compositions of soils are strongly dependent on the parent rock type. The mineralogy and chemistry of long cultivated soils are not significantly different from those of residual soils.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.127-146
• /
• 1979

중석은 우리나라에서 40여년간 개발되어 1951년 이후 세계 굴지의 중석 생산국의 하나로 등장 했으나 중석에 대한 광물학적및 지화학적인 지식은 이들을 다루고 있는 전문가에게도 극히 제한되어 이해되고 있다. 중석에 대한 광물학, 지구화학적인 활동특성, 중석광상의 특정과 광화작용의 지질적인 환경등에 관한 연구논문이 세계적으로 상당량 발표되어 있다. 일반적으로 잘 알려진 중석광물중 회중석과 흑중석은 일차광물로 회중석계열 및 흑중석계열 광물중의 하나에 불과하며 이외 이차광물은 극히 드물게 산출되나 이들은 중석광물을 탐사하는데 중요한 자료가 되기도 한다. 반면 중석에 대한 지구화학지식은 아직도 불완전하게 알려져 있고 지질과정에 있어 중석의 활동 특성은 연구단계에 있다. 최근 중석의 기초 지구화학연구가 많이 진전되어 여러 학자들에 의하여 그 자료가 정리되어 발표되고 있다. 중석광상을 보다 더 이해하고 앞으로 효율적인 탐사를 위하여 현재까지 알려진 중석에 대한 지구화학적인 기초연구와 중석광상에 수반되는 원소들을 요약한다.

• 광물과 암석
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.463-475
• /
• 2020

최근 토양과 지하수에서도 미세플라스틱이 발견되어 미세플라스틱 환경오염 관련 연구의 중요성이 크게 대두되고 있다. 주로 ㎛ - nm의 작은 입자로 존재하는 점토광물과 금속산화광물은 표면적이 넓어 미세플라스틱에 대한 흡착력 등 화학 반응도가 매우 높기 때문에, 광물표면 상호작용은 토양과 지하수 환경 내 미세플라스틱의 거동을 결정하는 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다. 따라서, 광물과 미세플라스틱 간의 상호작용에 대한 환경광물학 연구는 미세플라스틱 거동 예측 기술개발 및 오염대책 마련에 핵심이 되는 연구분야라 할 수 있다. 광물표면과 미세플라스틱(특히, 나노플라스틱) 연구에는 분자-나노수준의 분석기술이 요구된다. 이번 기술보고에서는 나노그람(=10-9 g) 수준의 질량 변화를 실시간으로 측정할 수 있는 초정밀 분석기기로, 광물표면에 흡·탈착되는 미세플라스틱 및 나노플라스틱의 미세한 질량 변화를 측정할 수 있는, 수정진동자미세저울(quartz crystal microbalance, QCM)을 소개한다. QCM 작동원리를 소개하고, 대표적인 QCM 연구결과와 기존 컬럼 실험과의 장단점을 비교하여 미세플라스틱 연구에 QCM 활용 가능성을 논의한다.

• 한국제4기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국제4기학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.5-5
• /
• 2007