• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.72-80
• /
• 2005

본 실험은 칼슘 결핍과 난소 제거로 유발한 골다공증에 대한 한방요법의 효과에 대하여 고찰하였다. 1) 난소 제거로 인한 에스트로겐의 결핍 및 칼슘 결핍은 폐경여성에서 관찰되어지는 것처럼 골강도 및 골밀도의 손실을 일으켰다. 2) 한방 추출물의 투여는 에스트로겐 결핍 및 칼슘 결핍으로 유도된 골강도 및 골밀도 손실에 대한 예방효과가 관찰되었다 3) 난소제거로 인한 에스트로겐의 결핍 및 칼슘 결핍은 골대사의 생화학적 지표들(혈청 중 alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, osteocalcin, 그리고 뇨중 deoxyopyridinoline 농도)에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 4) 한방 추출물의 투여 또한 골 대사의 생화학적 지표들에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 결론적으로, 한방 추출물의 골손실에 대한 예방효과는 한방 추출물의 골다공증 치료제로서의 가능성을 제시하며, 새로운 골다공증 치료제 개발 일환으로 한방추출물의 적용기간 및 농도 변화를 통한 계속적인 연구가 요구되어진다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제23권7호
• /
• pp.937-945
• /
• 2010

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary zinc (Zn), environmental temperatures and Zn${\times}$temperature interaction on growth, feathering score and mineral composition of broilers. A total of 256 d-old Avian male broiler chicks were randomly allocated to a $4{\times}2$ factorial arrangement with four corn-soybean meal basal diets (containing 44 mg Zn/kg) supplemented with 0, 40, 60 mg/kg Zn (Diets 1, 2 and 3, respectively; 0.8% Ca for these three diets) and non-Zn supplementation, 1.6% Ca (Diet 4) and two temperature conditions (low: 26, 24, $22^{\circ}C$ vs. high: 30, 28, $26^{\circ}C$). All birds were given feathering coverage scores for back, breast, wing, under-wing and tail. The wing and tail were further evaluated for the occurrence and severity of defect feathers. Feathers were then pooled for mineral composition analysis. The results showed that in high temperature conditions, broilers fed Zn-unsupplemented, 0.8% Ca ration (Diet 1) had significantly (p<0.05) lower ADFI and ADG (wk 1-6) than birds under low temperature conditions. However, when the birds were fed 40 and 60 mg/kg Zn supplementation (Diets 2 and 3), the ADFI and ADG in both temperature conditions were not significantly different. In low temperature conditions, the ADFI, ADG (p<0.05), all feather coverage (p<0.01) and tail defect scores (p<0.001) of birds fed Diet 4 (excess Ca) were significantly poorer than those fed Diet 1. More Ca (p<0.05) was retained in the feathers of broilers fed Diet 4 under high temperature conditions. Broilers fed the Zn-unsupplemented ration (Diet 1) had significantly higher feather phosphorus (p<0.01) and potassium (p<0.05) concentrations than those fed the 60 mg/kg Zn-supplemented ration (Diet 3). A reduction of feather phosphorus (p<0.01) and potassium (p<0.05) and higher manganese (p<0.05) concentrations were observed in Diet 4 broilers as compared to those fed Diet 1. Under high temperature conditions, broilers had lower iron (p<0.05) and higher manganese (p<0.05) concentrations in feathers. Broilers kept in high temperature conditions had a higher Zn requirement and 40 mg/kg Zn supplementation was sufficient for the birds to achieve optimum growth. Supplemental Zn ameliorated the adverse effect of high temperature on growth and occurrence of tail feather defects. Excess Ca disrupted Zn metabolism to exert a detrimental effect on growth performance and normal feathering and this was elucidated in the birds kept in low temperature conditions.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.132-140
• /
• 2003

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of soymilk and exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) in underweight college women of 19-22 years of age, who had lower bone mass. The BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured for 52 underweight college women. Among them, 33 subjects, whose t-score value was below -1, were selected. Questionnaire survey, anthropometrical measurements, dietary recall, analysis of BMD, fasting serum osteocalcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD) were conducted before and after the 10 week study. The 33 subjects were divided into 2 groups： soymilk group (n=19), and soymilk ＋ exercise group (n=14). The soymilk group was given 400$m\ell$ soymilk containing 60mg of isoflavones on a daily basis and the soymilk ＋ exercise group exercised three times a week with a daily intake of 400$m\ell$ soymilk for 10 weeks. The average ages of the soymilk group and the soymilk ＋ exercise group were 21.1 years and 20.4 years, respectively and, there were no significant differences between the soymilk group and the soymilk ＋ exercise group in the areas of height, weight or Body Mass Index (BMI). At the baseline, the mean daily energy intake of the soymilk group and the soymilk ＋ exercise group was 1,597.9kcal (79.43％ of RDA) and 1,704.2kcal (85.2％ of RDA), respectively. The mean calcium intake of the soymilk group (408.3mg) was not significantly different from that of the soymilk ＋ exercise group (389.4mg). Despite the 400$m\ell$ soymilk supplementation, there were no significant changes of nutrient intake in either group after treatment. However, there were significant increases in BMD's of lumbar spine and femoral neck in both groups. There were some increases in the serum osteocalcin level and decreases in the urinary deoxypyridinoline level as well. BMD change of the soymilk group was not significantly different from that of the soymilk ＋ exercise group. In conclusion, supplementary intake of soymilk (containing 60mg of isoflavones) resulted in a significant increase in the BMD's of the lumbar spine and femoral neck in underweight college women with low bone mass. However, exercise did not result in any significant changes in the BMD's, implying the necessity for more intensive and specific long-term physical training for any substantial changes. Further investigation is necessary to determine the exercise that most strongly affects BMD.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.296-303
• /
• 2016

본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 혈색소와 골밀도를 평가하고, 혈색소와 골밀도 정량 분석 결과를 보기 위하여 시작되었다. 본 연구는 골밀도에 미치는 혈색소의 영향을 목적으로 하였다. 연구대상자는 20~30세의 건강한 대학생 52명을 직접 실험을 진행하였다. 골다공증은 전통적 노화 여성의 질병으로 간주되었지만, 점차 남성의 건강 문제로 되고 있다. 골다공증의 진단은 골밀도의 정량적 평가로 계산된다. 검사실에서 실시하는 혈액과 소변 검사는 주로 뼈의 신진 대사의 장애의 원인을 파악하기 위해 낮은 BMD 또는 취약성 골절에 사용된다. 본 연구는 성별에 따른 골밀도의 차이는 없었다. 평균 적혈구수, 혈색소 및 적혈구 용적은 남성에게서 상당히 높은 값을 나타내었다(p<0.01). 요추 척추, 골격근양, 기초대사량 사이의 상관 관계는 통계적으로 유의 한 수준에서 정의 관계로 나타났다(p<0.01). 다중회귀분석결과 혈색소는 골밀도에 51.7% 통계적 영향을 나타냈다. 이러한 연구 결과는 골밀도와 혈색소에서 유의한 관계를 이해하는데 유용하며, 혈색소 수준은 골밀도 수준을 예측하는데 강력한 인자이다. 결론적으로, 본 연구에서 낮은 Hb 값이 낮은 뼈 질량을 가진 피험자에서 유의한 결과를 보여, 낮은 Hb 값이 골밀도를 감소시키는 뼈 회전율 변화의 위험 요소로서의 규칙을 가짐을 의미한다고 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제15권10호
• /
• pp.1422-1427
• /
• 2002

Fifteen crossbred cattle bulls of about 22-24 months age (mean body weight ranged from 291.0 to 298.1 kg) were randomly divided into 3 groups of 5 animals following randomized block design. Animals in group 1 were fed concentrate mixture containing wheat bran 97%, mineral mixture 2% and salt 1% plus ad libitum chopped green sugarcane tops (SCT) as a roughage source. Animals in group 2 were fed concentrate mixture containing lentil chuni 97%, mineral mixture 2% and salt 1% while group 3 concentrate contained wheat bran 48.5%, lentil chuni 48.5%, mineral mixture 2% and salt 1% plus ad libitum chopped green SCT to meet their maintenance requirements. During metabolism trial period, the mean total intake and digestibility of DM in groups 1, 2 and 3 was $8.09{\pm}0.41$, $8.41{\pm}0.49$ and $7.86{\pm}0.16kg/d$ and 60.24, 63.24 and 65.05%, respectively. The intake of CP (p<0.05) and EE (p<0.01) was significantly higher in group 2 and group 1, respectively as compared to remaining 2 groups, which were comparable. Digestibility of CP and EE was significantly (p<0.01) higher in group 3 and that of CP was comparable with group 2. The intake and digestibility of total carbohydrates, NDF, ADF, Hemi-cellulose and cellulose were similar among 3 groups. The mean body weight changes in group 1, 2 and 3 were 173.4, 253.4 and 203.4 g/d, respectively, which was significantly (p<0.05) higher in group 2. The total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) intakes were significantly higher in group 2 and group 1, respectively. The total volatile fatty acids, ammonia-N, trichloro-acetic acid precipitable nitrogen (TCA ppt.-N; p<0.05), total-N concentrations and pH were significantly (p<0.01) higher in group 3, however, pH and TCA ppt.-N was comparable with group 2 and 1, respectively. From the results, it may be deduced that the feeding of chopped green SCT supplemented with a concentrate mixture having both wheat bran (48.5%) and lentil chuni (48.5%) has shown a better performance with respect to intake and digestibility of nutrients and growth as well.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.41-51
• /
• 1995

Bone mass accretion during puberty appears to be critical in the development of peak bone mass. Although bone density of females in Korea has been studied, only a few studies have related bone mass with anthropometric patterns or puberty in the pubescent girls. This study was conducted as part of a study of major determinants of bone development during puberty. Subjects were aged 14∼16 yr(mean 14.97), and had no history of disorders or dedication use likely to influence bone or calcium metabolism. Bone mineral density and content were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry using a Lunar DPX+Scanner (Lunar Madison, WI). Also, total body fat, and total lean body mass were assessed using a Lunar DPX dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer, Pubertal status was assessed according to the Marshall and Tanner guidelines. Serum levels of osteocalcin was measured by RIA using a commercial kit assay. Skinfold measurements were taken with a skinfold caliper(Lange Caliper, USA). Data were analyzed using the regression and GLM procedure of the statistical package SAS. The results indicated that the observed means for lumbar spine BMD and femoral BMD correspond to approximately 91% and 96% of the means for young adult females, respec tively. All subjects were menarchal, with the majority being in the middle to end stages of pubertal development. Total body BMD was positively related to fat mass(P<0.001), lean body mass and time since menarche, and negatively related to urine pyridinoline, serum alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. The data indicate that girls who reported lower age for menarche had significantly higher bone densities than girls who reported higher age for menarche. Attaining peak skeletal bone mass during puberty may reduce the incidence of osteoporosis in later life. this finding suggests that early menarche may augment peak bone mass, influencing the extent of bone loss later in adulthood. The results suggest that good nutrition in childhood appears to be needed not for growth and development, but possibly also to assure an optimal peak of bone mass and thus greater latitude for the maintenance or skeletal integrity in the face of bone losses. Troeps skinfold thickness was a better predictor of total BMD and total BMC than was any other skinfold thickness. The study did not find a relationship between total BMD and body fat %, but total fat was significantly positively related to total BMD(r=0.49) and total BMC(r=0.60). It supports earlier report that there was a significant correlation between TBMD and body weight. Conclusively, total fat, lean body mass and pubertal development could influence BMD in pubescent girls. Clearly, longitudinal studies are required to assess the effect of puberty on peak bone mass, and to define further the potential determinants of peak bone mass.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.351-356
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 칼슘고갈식이와 칼슘회복식이를 급여한 SD 종 흰쥐에서 골격대사 지표와 골밀도를 측정함으로써 어린소재 Ca (Tilapia mossambica 비늘을 이용한 칼슘소재)의 유용성을 $CaCO_3$와 비교 평가하였다. 1) 칼슘고갈식이인 LoCa군에 비해 칼슘회복식이를 먹인 AdCa군과 AdFa군에서 체중증가, 사료섭취량이 유의하게 높았고, 이는 어린소재 Ca의 식이효율이 적정수준에 있다고 할 수 있다. 2) 혈청 PTH와 칼시토닌은 실험군 사이에 차이가 없었다. 3) 혈청 ALP와 오스테오칼신은 LoCa군에서 유의하게 증가하였고, AdCa와 AdFa군에서 저하되었다. 뇨의 DPD는 LoCa군에서 현저히 높은 수치를 보인 반면, AdCa와 Ad-Fa군에서 낮은 수치를 보임으로써 뼈의 형성지표와 흡수지표는 칼슘회복식이에 의해 개선되었다. 4) 대퇴골의 습윤무게, 건조무게, 체중 100g 단위당 중량이 모두 AdFa > AdCa > LoCa 순으로 높았고, 대퇴골의 회분함량과 칼슘함량도 모두 같은 순서를 보임으로써 뼈의 형성과 칼슘 축적에 AdCa군과 마찬가지로 AdFa군에서도 효과적이었음을 시사한다. 5) 대퇴골의 골밀도는 AdCa군과 AdFa군에서 LoCa군에 비해 25~26%의 유의하게 높은 수치를 보였다. 이상에서와 같이 칼슘회복식이 (AdCA와 AdFa)는 ALP, 오스테오칼신, DPD의 지표를 개선하였고, 대퇴골의 중량과 회분함량의 증가와 함께 골밀도를 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 어린소재 칼슘은 대조 칼슘급원으로 많이 사용되는 $CaCO_3$에 비교하여 뼈 건강에 대등한 효과를 보이므로, 칼슘 소재로서 개발될 가치가 있을 것으로 평가된다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제26권8호
• /
• pp.197-207
• /
• 2021

2형 당뇨병환자에서 골밀도는 다양하게 보고되고 있다. 최근의 여러 역학조사 연구에 의하면 2형 당뇨병 환자에서 골밀도 상태와 무관하게 골절 위험이 증가한다는 보고들이 많다. 본 연구에서는 전국민을 대상으로 한 표본조사로부터 얻은 질병관리본부의 국민건강영양조사 2008-2011년 자료를 이용하여 2형 당뇨병이 있는 50세 이상 남성 및 폐경후여성에서 골밀도를 확인하고자 하였다. 골다공증약물을 사용한 경우 및 당뇨병 이외에 골밀도에 영향을 미치는 질환 및 악성질환 등이 있는 대상은 제외하였다. 신체계측, 설문조사, 혈액검사 등과 함께 이중에너지흡수방사선을 이용하여 요추 및 대퇴골에서 측정한 골밀도 결과를 이용하였다. 연령, 체질량지수, 월 가구수입, 교육수준, 신체활동, 1일 칼슘섭취량, 혈중 비타민 D 농도를 포함하는 다중회귀분석을 시행한 결과 2형 당뇨병이 있는 50세 이상 남성 및 폐경후여성 모두에서 당뇨병이 없는 군과 비교하여 요추골밀도가 유의하게 높게 나타났다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.6.1-6.14
• /
• 2023

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of high-plasticity mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA-HP) on the activity of M1 and M2 macrophages, compared to white MTA (Angelus). Materials and Methods: Peritoneal inflammatory M1 (from C57BL/6 mice) and M2 (from BALB/c mice) macrophages were cultured in the presence of the tested materials. Cell viability (MTT and trypan blue assays), adhesion, phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β production were evaluated. Parametric analysis of variance and the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test were used. Results were considered significant when p < 0.05. Results: The MTT assay revealed a significant decrease in M1 metabolism with MTA-HP at 24 hours, and with MTA and MTA-HP later. The trypan blue assay showed significantly fewer live M1 at 48 hours and live M2 at 48 and 72 hours with MTA-HP, compared to MTA. M1 and M2 adherence and phagocytosis showed no significant differences compared to control for both materials. Zymosan A stimulated ROS production by macrophages. In the absence of interferon-γ, TNF-α production by M1 did not significantly differ between groups. For M2, both materials showed higher TNF-α production in the presence of the stimulus, but without significant between-group differences. Likewise, TGF-β production by M1 and M2 macrophages was not significantly different between the groups. Conclusions: M1 and M2 macrophages presented different viability in response to MTA and MTA-HP at different time points. Introducing a plasticizer into the MTA vehicle did not interfere with the activity of M1 and M2 macrophages.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제48권5호
• /
• pp.527-533
• /
• 2005

목 적 : 소아 간질 환아에서 장기간 항경련제를 투여시 저신장, 저칼슘혈증, 골밀도 저하가 올 수 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 골밀도 및 골표지자의 연구를 통해 항경련제 투여 환아의 골대사 질환의 위험을 조기 발견할 수 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 간질로 단국대학교병원 소아과에서 12개월 이상 항경련제 치료를 받고 있는 환자들 중 5-16세의 환아 30명을 대상으로 2003년 7월부터 2004년 2월 사이에 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 환아들을 carbamazepine과 valproic acid를 단독 투여군과 2가지 이상의 항경련제를 병합투여한 군으로 나누었고, 요추부 골밀도, 체질량지수, 골연령 및 골표지자들을 측정한 후, 남녀별, 연령별로 분류하여 대조군과 비교하였다. 결 과 : 총 30명이었으며, 검사 당시 평균연령은 $10.4{\pm}3.1$세(5-16세)이었다. Carbamazpine 단독 투여군 10명, valproic acid 단독 투여군 6명, 2가지 이상의 약물을 투여 받은 복합 투여군이 14명이었고 복합 투여군 중에는 뇌성마비 2명, 소두증 2명, 뇌연화증 1명, 선천성심장병 1명이 포함되었다. 각 투여군 간에는 요추 골밀도, 칼슘, 인, 알칼리성 인산화효소, $25(OH)D_3$, 오스테오칼신, 부갑상선호르몬, deoxypyridinoline, 골연령 등의 차이는 없었다. 남녀별, 연령별로 나누었을 때 5세 및 15세 여아에서 -2.5 SDS 미만의 의미있는 골밀도의 감소를 보였으며, 체질량지수는 5 percentile 미만의 현저한 감소를 보이고 있었고, 골 연령 및 신장도 감소되어 있었다. 이러한 감소를 보인 두 명의 환아 중 5세 환아는 심방중격결손증 및 소두증을 가지고 있었으며 15세 여아는 뇌성마비 및 뇌연화증이 있었고 좌하지 골절의 기왕력이 있었으며 두 환아 모두 2가지 항경련제를 4년 이상 투약 받았다. 골밀도는 체질량지수 및 골연령과 통계적으로 의미있는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 결 론 : 장기간 항경련제를 복용하는 소아환자들에 있어 특히, 신체활동이 제한되어 있거나 다른 만성질환을 동반한 경우에는 골대사에 대한 세심한 주의가 필요하며 주기적으로 키, 몸무게를 측정하여 체질량지수 및 신장의 SDS를 산출하는 것이 골대사에 대한 간단하면서도 중요한 검사가 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.