• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.97-112
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• 2012

This study aims to analyse determinants of payment balance of Korea, targeting 65 countries which concluded FTA with Korea in 2012 or are pursuing it with Korea( effectuation, agreement, negotiation and joint research). For an analysis model, economic and geographical variables of target countries were included in explanatory variables of the gravity model and divided values which indicate surpluses or deficits in trade with Korea were marked in dependent variables to perform a logistic analysis. If payment balance in trade between Korea and specific countries is a surplus, a value of 1 is given and if it is a deficit, a value of 0 is given. As a result of estimating the logit model, it was discovered that variables of GDP, GDP per person, total trade with trade partners, petroleum, landlocked countries and maritime powers were not statistically significant. However, variables of total trade, export dependency, import dependency, distance and mineral were statistically significant.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.244.2-244.2
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• 2010

Biological conversion of biomass into fuels and chemicals requires hydrolysis of the polysaccharide into monomeric sugars. In this study, dilute sulfuric acid used as a catalyst for the pretreatment of rapeseed straw. Hydrolysis can be performed enzymatically, and with dilute or concentrate mineral acids. Dilute-acid hydrolysis of rapeseed straw was optimized through the utilization of combined severity. Evaluation criteria for optimization of the pretreatment conditions were based on high xylose recovery and low inhibitor contents in the hydrolyzates. In addition, this paper reports the compositional analysis of hydrolyzate liquors and solid residues, xylose and glucose mass balance closures, and digestibility results of the acid pretreated rapeseed straw.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.222-227
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• 2001

The production results of the oriental functional beverage, which is aimed at reducing the alcohol concentration in blood, are as follows. Different kinds of herb medicine ingredients were combined to achieve the balance between Yin And Yang. They were grouped according to their respective characteristics and extracted by heat, Then they were combined and produced following the most effective mixture ratio. The drink produced by this way consisted mainly of water, Sugar, mineral, protein and fiber were partially contained. Among the minerals, the proportion of calcium, potassium, magnesium was high and iron was also contained. This drink turned out to be effective in reducing the alcohol concentration in blood within a very short time when it was taken once after drinking and taken aging 30 minutes later, which would double the dosage. This result shows that development of such a functional beverage using the herbal medicine, At the same time it will play an important part in reducing the alcohol concentrate in blood after drinking liquors.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.17-22
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• 2004

Recently, deep ocean water (DOW), which is plentiful in the East sea, has been recognized a global resources for 21st century. To clarify the characteristics of DOW of the East Sea, the quality of DOW has been investigated and analyzed for 5 years in situ and laboratory in the viewpoints of stability of low-temperature, mineral balance, rich nutrition and cleanness. And it characteristics were compared with foreign DOW used for commercial applications. This study do finally suggest the various utilization methods of DOW based on each characteristics and suitable examples for fisheries and industrial purpose.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.551-557
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• 2017

Hair beauty treatments that can express individuality have increased and diversified. However, their repetitive use has also brought about hair damage. To reduce such damage, the importance of hair treatments when receiving chemotherapy has magnified greatly. In this study, the hair (normal hair, NH) of 5 people in their 20s has been collected and observed with SEM before dyeing (NH), after dyeing (DH) and after dyed and treated (DTH) to measure the hair's morphological damage and mineral content. SEM observation results revealed that, in DTH, a cuticle-like arrangement appears almost uniformly, the hair settles, the lines are smooth, and the damage degree is low. Regarding mineral content, the concentration of minerals was generally balanced. However, in the observation of toxic minerals and minerals found in large amounts, the concentration of Ba, Na, Ca, and Mg was higher than the balance range in NH, DH, and DTH.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.854-859
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• 2015

This experiment was performed to develop a model for nutrition ion concentration and EC in regard to change in pH from 4.0 to 8.0 in nutrient solution. The pH changes according to the variation of $HPO_4{^{-2}}$ and $H_2PO_4{^-}$ in the nutrient solution while variation of EC increased from pH 4.0 to 5.0, stabilized from pH 5.0 to 7.0 and increased again from pH 7.0 to 8.0. For the variance of major elements in the nutrient solution, K, Ca, N and P increased while pH was higher, especially the variables for K and P were increased largely. On the other hand, variables of Mg and S were stable. Based on analysis of the ion balance model of nutrient solution, the cation increased than anion over rising the variation of pH while balance point of ion moved from a-side to d-side. In addition, the imbalance increased while it moved away from the EC centerline as variance of pH increased. It was larger than effect of EC variance to correction values of equivalence ratios of K and Ca about variation of $HPO_4{^{-2}}$ and $H_2PO_4{^-}$ while as variance of pH increased, K decreased but Ca increased. These showed the result that variance of pH about correction values of equivalence ratios of K and Ca gave a second-degree polynomial model rating of 0.97. Through this research, it was identified the pH variable model about variance among pH, ion and EC according to gradient of phosphate.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 2024

Agricultural reservoirs supply water for various purposes such as irrigation, maintenance, and living. Since agricultural reservoirs respond sensitively to seasonal and climate changes, it is essential to estimate supply and inflow for efficient operation, and water management should be done based on these data. However, in the case of agricultural reservoirs, the measurement of supply and inflow is relatively insufficient compared to multi-purpose dams, and inflow-supply analysis in agricultural reservoirs through water balance analysis is necessary for efficient water management. Therefore, rainfall-runoff analysis models such as ONE model and Tank model have been developed and used for reservoir water balance analysis, but the applicability analysis for ungauged watersheds is insufficient. The ONE model is designed for daily runoff calculation, and the model has one parameter, which is advantageous for calibration and ungauged watershed analysis. In this study, the water balance was analyzed through the ONE model and the Tank model for 15 watersheds upstream of dams, and R² and NSE were used to quantitatively compare the performance of the two models. The simulation results show that the ONE model is suitable for predicting the inflow of agricultural reservoirs with the ungauged watershed

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.1579-1584
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• 2002

Twelve adult male crossbred (Sahiwal${\times}$Holstein Friesian) cattle were distributed into four groups of three each on body weight basis. Animals were given wheat straw as a basal diet. The animals of group I and II were supplemented with concentrate mixture and animals of group III and IV were supplemented with cold processed urea molasses mineral block (UMMB). Thirty mg monensin/day/animal was supplemented to the animals of group II and 35 ppm monensin were incorporated in the UMMB supplemented to the animals of group IV. Vit.A and D mixture was given to all the animals once a week. Dry matter (DM) intake (kg/d) through wheat straw was 19.0 percent higher in the UMMB (without monensin) supplemented group (group III) than those of the concentrate mixture (without monensin) supplemented group i.e. group I. Total DM intake (kg/d) was lower in the monensin supplemented groups than those of non-supplemented groups though differences were not statistically significant. Digestible dry matter, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) intake were similar in all the groups. Average block consumption for 45 d period in the group III (0.95 kg/d) and group IV (0.84 kg/d) did not differ significantly. DM digestibility (%) was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the group II (58.9) as compared to the group I (52.7) and group III (54.0) but similar to the group IV (57.2). OM digestibility was also significantly (p<0.05) higher in the group II (63.2) as compared to that of the group I (54.9) but similar to the group III (57.8) and IV (59.2). Ether extract (EE) digestibility was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the group I (76.9) and II (80.3) as compared to the group III (59.87) and IV (55.77). Nitrogen free extract (NFE) digestibility was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the group II (62.38) as compared to that of the other groups. Crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) digestibilities were not affected either due to UMMB or monensin. Nitrogen balance did also not differ significantly among the groups. However, Ca and P balance (g/d) in the group III (3.1, 1.3) and IV (3.0, 1.4) were significantly (p<0.01) higher than those of the group I (0.6, 0.2) and II (0.4, 0.3). Blood glucose (mg/100ml) was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the group II (65.2) and IV (65.2) as compared to the group I (55.2) and group III (53.9). Plasma urea-N level (mg/100 ml) in the group III (19.0) and IV (17.8) were significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of the group I (10.5) and II (12.3). So, monensin supplementation either with cold process UMMB or concentrate mixture did not show any additional effect on feed intake and digestibility but increases blood glucose level in adult cattle.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.7-19
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• 2019

In this study, a model was developed for estimating deliverability considering the pressure dependent permeability and predicting production profile with Material Balance Equation(MBE) for Coalbed Methane(CBM) fields. The estimated deliverability was compared with the conventional deliverability based on CBM well testing data with coefficient of determination($R^2$). As a result, the former was 0.76 and the latter was 0.69. It was confirmed that the deliverability which consider the pressure dependent permeability is more adoptable when representing the productivity of CBM fields. Through this process, in order to calculate pressure dependent permeability when well testing data exist, a method to infer reservoir pressure within the radius of investigation was proposed. The production profile of 31 gas wells was predicted for 15 years, using the estimated deliverability and the MBE. After that, the results was compared with simulation results of the literature. The simulation results did not account the pressure dependent permeability and the developed model results considered that. As the applied field permeability rised 1.17 times, field production rate was increased approximately 15% than the literature results. According to other researches, the permeability of CBM fields can be rise 6 ~ 25 times. For these cases, the production profiles may have significant difference with conventional gas fields.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.377-381
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• 1993

Twenty male crossbred ($Sahiwal{\times}HF$) calves of about 6-9 months of age were divided into four groups of five animals each. All the animals were offered wheat straw ad lib. As the basal feed. However, animals in group I were fed concentrate mixture while the animals in groups II, III and IV had free access to urea molasses mineral block (UMMB) lick (I), (II) and (III) respectively as a partial substitute of concentrate mixture. The average concentrate offered (kg/day) to the animals was significantly (p<0.01) higher in group I ($2.69{\pm}0.18$) compared to groups II ($1.76{\pm}0.15$), III ($1.70{\pm}0.06$) and IV ($1.65{\pm}0.12$). The UMMB lick consumed was non-significantly different amongst groups I ($535.40{\pm}38.14$), II ($525.60{\pm}31.82$), III ($551.00{\pm}38.49$) and IV ($548.80{\pm}45.46$). Except ether extract, the digestibility coefficients of CP, ADF and NDF were non-significantly different in different groups. Similarly, N balance (g/day) and percent N retention of intake was not affected in different groups on supplementation of UMMB lick. Body composition of animals was similar in different groups supplemented with either concentrate mixture or concentrate mixture and UMMB licks. It may be concluded from these studies that UMMB lick can partially replace the concentrate mixture in the diet of growing calves without affecting the growth rate, nutrient utilization and body composition. The UMMB lick, thus, can form a part of the ration economically in the diet of growing ruminants especially in developing countries.