• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.197-203
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• 2003

In this paper, we have presented millimeter-wave high conversion gain quadruple subharmonic mixers adopting the cascode harmonic generator The subharmonic mixers were successfully integrated by using 0.1 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ GaAs pseudomorphic HEMTs(PHEMTs) and coplanar waveguide(CPW) structures. Measured output of 1st, 2nd and 4th harmonics of the fabricated cascode 4th harmonic generator are -21.42 dBm, -32.65 dBm and -13.45 dBm, respectively, for an input power of 10 dBm at 14.5 GHz. We showed that the highest conversion gain of 3.4 dB has obtained thus far at a LO power of 13 dBm from the fabricated subharmonic mixers. The millimeter-wave subharmonic mixer also ensure a high degree of isolation showing -53.6 dB in the LO-to-IF and -46.2 dB in the LO-to-RF, respectively, at a frequency of 14.5 GHz. The high conversion gain achieved in this work is the first report among the millimeter-wave subharmonic mixers.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.818-821
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• 2011

A D-band subharmonically-pumped resistive mixer has been designed, processed, and experimentally tested. The circuit is based on a $180^{\circ}$ power divider structure consisting of a Lange coupler followed by a ${\lambda}$/4 transmission line (at local oscillator (LO) frequency). This monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) has been realized in coplanar waveguide technology by using an InAlAs/InGaAs-based metamorphic high electron mobility transistor process with 100-nm gate length. The MMIC achieves a measured conversion loss between 12.5 dB and 16 dB in the radio frequency bandwidth from 120 GHz to 150 GHz with 4-dBm LO drive and an intermediate frequency of 100 MHz. The input 1-dB compression point and IIP3 were simulated to be 2 dBm and 13 dBm, respectively.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.10b
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• pp.116-119
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose the PLL system of the local oscillator system for the millimeter wave band's radio astronomy receiving system. The development of the proposed local oscillator system based on the YIG oscillator VCO with 26.5 ${\sim}$ 40GHz specification. This system consists of the oscillator part including the YIG VCO, the harmonic mixer, and the isolator, the RF processing part including the triplexer, limiter, and RF discrimination processor. and the PLL system including YIG modulator and controller. Based on this configuration. we verify the frequency and power stability of the developed local oscillator system according to some temperature variation. From this test results we confirm the stable output frequency and power characteristic performance of the developed La system at constant temperature.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.1198-1206
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• 2003

In this paper, a MMIC waveguide mixer module based upon the novel suggested mode converter for wave-guide-to-microstrip transition was fabricated and measured. The insertion and return losses of the mode converter was optimized by compensating the discontinuity effect between ridge and microstrip with the modification of 50 $\Omega$ microstrip line pattern. Due to the low loss nature of the mode converter, a millimeter wave MMIC mixer chip can be successfully applied as a waveguide module for mmW waveguide communication system. The measured results of the module showed the successful MMIC chip application in waveguide and the negligible degradation of the supplied chip specification.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.497-502
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• 2010

In this paper, the O-mode ultrashort-pulse reflectometry (USPR) millimeter-wave signals that propagate into the plasma and cover a frequency bandwidth of 33-158 GHz are examined numerically using MATLAB. Two important processes are involved in the computation: the propagation of the USPR impulse signal through a waveguide and the frequency up-conversion using millimeter-wave mixers. These mixers are limited to intermediate frequency signals that are less than 500 mV; thus, it is necessary to disperse the impulse signal into a chirped waveform using the waveguide. The stationary phase method is utilized to derive a closed-form formula for a chirped waveform under the assumption that the USPR impulse is Gaussian. In the process of frequency up-conversion, the chirped waveform is mixed with the mixer LO signal, and the lower frequency components of the RF signal are removed using high pass filters.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.293-299
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• 2003

In this paper, we have proposed a high conversion and isolation characteristic V-band quadruple sub-harmonic mixer monolithic circuit which is designed and fabricated for the millimeter wave down converter applications. While most of the sub-harmonic mixers use a half of fundamental frequency, we adopt a quarter of the fundamental frequency. The proposed circuit is based on a sub-harmonic mixer with APDP(anti-parallel diode pair) and the 0.1 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ PHEMT's (pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistors). Lumped elements at IF port provide better selectivity of IF frequency and increase isolation. Maximum conversion gain of 0.8 ㏈ at a LO frequency of 14.5㎓ and at a RF frequency of 60.4 ㎓ is measured. Both LO-to-RF and LO-to-IF isolations are higher than 50 ㏈. The conversion gain and isolation characteristic are the best performances among the reported quadruple sub-harmonic mixer operating in the V-band millimeter wave frequency thus far.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.737-743
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• 2004

A fixed-tuned SIS(Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor) mixer across 120∼180 GHz band has been developed. This mixer employs an SIS chip fabricated by Nobeyama radio observatory which consists of a series array of 6 Nb/Al-Al$_2$O$_3$/Nb junctions in a microstrip line on a fused quartz substrate. The SIS chip is placed at the center of the half-height waveguide mixer mount to have a good incoming signal coupling over the whole frequency band. No mechanical tuner was used in the SIS mixer and the RF signal and local oscillator power are injected to the mixer via a cooled cross-guide coupler. In order to prevent the IF signal loss, the If output impedance of the SIS mixer was matched to the 50 $\Omega$ input impedance of the IF chain. Measured double sideband noise temperatures of a receiver using the SIS mixer are 32∼131 K over 120∼180 GHz band. The developed SIS mixer is now in use for radio astronomical observations on the TRAO 14 m radio telescope.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.426-432
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• 2012

A fully-integrated low power K-band radar transceiver in 130 nm CMOS process is presented. It consists of a low-noise amplifier (LNA), a down-conversion mixer, a power amplifier (PA), and a frequency synthesizer with injection locked buffer for driving mixer and PA. The receiver front-end provides a conversion gain of 19 dB. The LNA achieves a power gain of 15 dB and noise figure of 5.4 dB, and the PA has an output power of 9 dBm. The phase noise of VCO is -90 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset. The total dc power dissipation of the transceiver is 142 mW and the size of the chip is only $1.2{\times}1.4mm^2$.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.77-80
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• 2003

We design the local oscillator system of the 100 GHz band radio receiving system for a cosmic radio observation. We use the YIG oscillator with digital driver which is the main oscillator. This oscillator has a good frequency and phase stability at some temperature variation, and the easy computer aided control characteristics. This total system designed to two subsystem, first is the oscillator system include YIG oscillator, tripler, harmonic mixer and triplexer etc., second is the PLL system to supply the precise and stable local oscillator frequency to mixer. The proposed local oscillator system in this paper can be use a single or multi pixel receiver because this system can be lock the local oscillator frequency automatically using PC.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.99-104
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• 2013

In this paper, we developed a fully integrated downconverter MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) including Lange coupler and output active balun for millimeter wave applications. Concretely, ${\lambda}$/4 transmission line was added to Lange coupler for size reduction of RF/LO input, and mixed RF/LO signals were applied to gate of the FET of mixer. Active balun was used at output port for a coupling of out-of-phase IF output signals. According to measured results, the proposed downconverter MMIC showed good RF performances. For example, the downconverter MMIC showed an LO leakage power of -25 dBc at IF output port, and a RF-LO isolation of 18 dB. Therefore, off-chip components such as LO rejection filters were not required for a normal operation of the proposed downconverter MMIC. The proposed downconverter MMIC showed a conversion gain of 10.3 dB at RF frequency of 63 GHz. The size of the downconverter MMIC including all active and passive components was $2.2{\times}1.4mm^2$.