This study was performed to examine the dietary and BMI change of Koreans after moving to America and to identify the factors influencing changes of BMI. The subjects were 192 Korean-Americans (men : 86, women : 106) residing in the eastern area of the U.S.A. 1) subjects reported significantly increased consumption frequency in American foods like, low fat milk(p<0.001), cold cereals (p<0.001), whole wheat bread(p<0.001), hamburger(only in males p<0.01) and pizza(only in males p<0.01). Whereas significantly decreased consumption frequency in fish (p<0.05), cooked vegetables(p<0.001), kimchi(p< 0.001) and cooked rice (p<0.001) were reported. 2) It was reported that weight, accordingly BMI were significantly increased (p<0.01). The smoking habit score was significantly decreased for males (p<0.05). 3) Multiple linear regression analysis for BMI change showed that education years in Korea was the most prominent negative factor(p<0.001) in predicting BMI change in America. Elevated frequencies of alcohol, chicken and soft drink in America were also associated with greater increase of BMI. When the length of residence (increase of age) was included in regression model, the increase of age was the most significant factor (p<0.001). Changes of chicken and soda scores were other significant factors.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between nutrient status, and bone mineral state which influenced by aging process. The subjects were 196 people over 65 years old(male 72, female124). The present dietary intake was estimated by the 24-hr, recall method, and individual dietary history concerning consumption of meat, fish and dairy products was obtained by questionaires. The syndrome of senility including seniliy was evaluated according to "Cornell Medical Index". The five subjects who showed 'Good' grade in bone senility, and five subjects who showed 'Risk' and 'Danger' grade were selected and their spine and femur bone density was measured by "Dual Photon Absorptiometry". The bone density measurement showed that the subjects with 'Good' grade in bone senility had bone density above that of normal person, and their nutrient status were satisfactory, whereas the subjects with 'Risk' and 'Danger' grade in bone senility had severe osteoporotic pattern, and their nutrient status were very poor. The food consumption score showed that the subject with higher intake of meat rather than milk had good grade in bone senility (p<0.05). Therefore, past meats consumption can be considered to be a significant factor in the present bone status. The nutrient intakes appeared to be significant factors in bone status in male, whereas there was little effect of nutrients intakes in female. Therefore, the risk of osteoporosis can increase as syndrome of bone senility and nutrient intakes were worse, and its is possible to evaluate bone status and predict osteoporosis simply from informations concerning syndrome of bone senility and nutrient intakes in old population over 65.
Xylitol is a sweetening agent used to prevent dental caries. It is formulated and consumed in various forms, and its use is recommended in particular for oral health. However, dental specialists are not familiar with xylitol or well-acquainted with the appropriate method to use it. Furthermore, the caries-prevention effect of xylitol has been controversial. Thus, in this study, we aimed to analyze previously published studies on the dental caries prevention effect of xylitol to verify its true effects and establish an appropriate method to use it. We analyzed 94 clinical research manuscripts obtained from domestic and international online databases and found that although 11 manuscripts reported no significant dental caries prevention effect of xylitol, most manuscripts reported dental caries prevention with xylitol. Compared to the manuscripts that reported dental caries prevention with xylitol, those are assessed lower amounts of xylitol or shorted consumption periods, and had dosage form that could not retain xylitol sufficiently long in the mouth, similar to milk. Thus, consumption of 5-11 g of xylitol in the form of gums, candies, or tablets over a long time period could effectively reduce the risk of dental caries. It has the advantage of ease of consumption, regardless of the gender, age, or disability of the person.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the housewives’ consumption pattern and preference of the Korean rice cake asa substitute for meal. The rate of housewives who had eaten rice cake as a substitute for meal were 75.30% and those who had not were 20.83%. Usually 62.03% of them ate rice cake for breakfast, and 34.21% did them within one time per a week. Reasons for eating rice cake for meal were investigated on ‘easy to eat(54.51%)’, ‘good taste (24.44%)’ and ‘healthy food(14.29%)’. The older housewives wanted healthy rice cake for meal and ate with tea and Kimchi(Dongchimi). The younger ones ate rice cake for meal with tea and milk. Thawing methods of frozen rice cake for meal were different between the older and the younger, respectively, steaming and using microwave. Kinds of rice cake as a substitute meal were Injeolmi(50.75%), Backsulgi(49.62%), Chaltteok (47.74%) and Yaksik(46.44).
Kim, Eun-Jung;Park, Hye-Sook;Kim, Hye-Sook;Chang, Nam-Soo
Journal of Nutrition and Health
/
v.40
no.3
/
pp.249-258
/
2007
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one the most common prostate diseases in middle aged and elderly men. This study was conducted to investigate diet and lifestyle risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia in a community-dwelling free-living population group. The dietary data were collected from the 601 male subjects aged 50-79 years using the 24-hour recall method. The mean age of the BPH group ($63.0{\pm}7.9$ years) was significantly higher than that of the non-BPH ($58.8{\pm}7.4$ years). Among many nutrients, the amount of animal fat intake was increased while that of carbohydrate intake decreased in subjects with BPH compared to those with non-BPH. In BPH subjects, the proportion of energy from fat was also greater than in subjects with non-BPH. The logistic regression analysis on the food consumption data showed that the consumption of total animal food was increased while that of mushrooms was decreased in patients with BPH compared to the subjects with non-BPH. The age-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidences limits for BPH incidence in subjects whose milk and milk products, beverages and alcoholic liquors intake was greater than the median were 1.796 (1.167-2.782) and 1.738 (1.129-2.676) respectively, compared to those in subjects whose intakes were below the median. These results may be applicable in the development of a nutrition intervention and education program toward a reduction in the risk for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
The study analyzes relationship between Increasing tendency of urinary stone patients and changes of food intake through statistical data during recent 10 years(1982∼1991) in Korea. In four university hospitals, the number of urinary stone patients increased 2.5 times during the period. Study statistics showed sex ratio of male and female patient as 2.1 : 1.The types of the urinary stone of each patient were broad and mostly Ca and others(85.8%), and Ca oxalate stones were 65.2%. The incidence of patients with hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria was observed in the Ca stone patients than in normal person. The same period showed increase of total monthly household expenditure as 3.2 times, food as 2.5 times and medical expenses as 2.4 times : The food expenditure decreased relatively In the expenditure composition. Daily hood consumption (g/person) increased as 3 times in meat, 4 times in milk, 2.4 times in seaweeds. Daily total Ca nutrition consumption was undulant and became 1.1 times during the same period. Daily food supply (g/person) was increased 1.9 times in meat, 1.4 times in spinach. However, anchovy, laver, brown seaweed, herring and makerel showed undulant tendency. Relationship (correlation coefficient) between the increase of urinary stone patients and of food intake were studied as follows. In the case of food intake, the relative index was 0.923 in seaweeds, 0.865 in meat and 0.대27 In milk And In food supply, the relative index was 0.855 in purine group which constitute meat, anchovy, herring and makerel. The relative index of Ca components which constitute anchovy, laver, brown seaweed and shrimp was 0.270. In the case of nutrition intake, the relative index was medium in protein(r: 0.443) and In animal protein (r: 0.488) but was negative in Ca(r: -0.028).
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Over the past few decades, Malaysia has been experiencing an increased prevalence of overweight and obesity that threatens the health of Malaysians. Poor dietary intake is one of the major contributors to the development of obesity and many non-communicable diseases. The dietary intakes of adults in Malaysia were assessed to determine the association between the dietary intake variables and the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) measurements. This study examined whether the dietary intake achieved the recommended nutritional guidelines and compared the intakes between both sexes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The height, weight, and WC of four-hundred-and-ninety adults (n = 490) in Malaysia were measured using standard procedures. The three-day 24-hour dietary recalls were conducted on 422 out of the 490 adults and their dietary intakes were evaluated in detail. The selected dietary intake variables were used to determine the associations with the obesity indicators. RESULTS: Among the participants, 52.8% were overweight or obese. After data analysis, the mean energy intake was 1,550 kcal/day, in which male participants had a significantly higher energy and macronutrients intake than females. Protein consumption and its percentage of energy contribution exceeded the recommended range. The consumption of fruits, vegetables, and milk and milk products were lower than the recommended number of servings for a healthy diet. The male participants consumed significantly more servings of carbohydrate-based foods, meat, and fats, oils, and sweets than females. Among the selected dietary intake variables, only the carbohydrate intake was negatively associated with the BMI (Estimate b = -0.008) and WC measurements (Estimate b = -0.019) after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS: This study evaluated the dietary intakes of a sample of Malaysian adults and its association with the obesity indicators. The results highlight the need for improvements and modifications of the dietary intake of Malaysians to reduce the overweight and obesity rates.
Buyco, Nesrianne G.;Dorado, Julieta B.;Azana, Glenda P.;Viajar, Rowena V.;Aguila, Divorah V.;Capanzana, Mario V.
Nutrition Research and Practice
/
v.16
no.2
/
pp.217-232
/
2022
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Filipino children aged 6-10 yrs are consuming poor quantities and quality of food based on the 2013 Philippine National Nutrition Survey. During these years healthy eating habits must be formed through family influence. Within this background, a complete package of nutrition intervention-feeding and nutrition classes, was pilot tested in selected schools to determine 1) changes in nutrition attitude and behavior and 2) food intake of schoolchildren after the intervention. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A quasi-experimental design was used in the study. School children aged 7-9 yrs enrolled in selected Philippine public elementary schools and their mothers/caregivers were the study participants. Profile and socio-demographic data were collected from each participant at baseline. The nutrition behavior and food intake of children were determined using the modified Child and Diet Evaluation Tool (CADET) and the 24-h food recall form, respectively. Data were analyzed using Stata version 15. RESULTS: No significant differences in characteristics were found among the 339 child-mother pairs in the 4 study groups. The modified CADET recorded improved mean attitude scores of children ranging from 22 to 24 points at endline in the group receiving both lunch feeding and nutrition education classes (group 3). The perceived better behavior of children was reported by their mothers in terms of increased intake of milk and vegetables and decreased consumption of sugar. These improvements were supported by the actual food intake of children obtained from the 24-h food recall. CONCLUSIONS: Family involvement, particularly of mothers/caregivers, appeared to be an important factor in shaping the children's eating behavior. An intervention package with lunch feeding and nutrition classes resulted in a substantial improvement in children's behavior and actual food intake with increased levels of vegetables and milk while lowering sugar consumption. The adoption of the intervention package in public elementary schools should therefore be pursued.
The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship of the dietary nutrients to blood pressure among preschool children in Seoul and to concurrently study the effect of seasonal variance on the aforementioned relationship. The subjects of the study consisted of 203 preschool children aged four to six years. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, pulse rate and blood pressure, urinary excretion of five cations(Na, K, Ca, P, Mg), creatinine and urea nitrogen and dietary questionaires concerning sodium, potassium calcium and phosphorus were taken during the two periods of summer(Aug. 1986)and winter(Feb, 1987). The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) The daily urinary excretion of five cations, creatinine and urea nitrogen is summer and winter was as follows; The sodium content was 57.8 mEq in the summer and 59.4 mEq in the winter ; potassium 20.4 mEq and 23.0 mEq, respectively ; calcium, 5.5 mEq and 3.6 mEq, respectively ; and phosphorus, 27.4 mEq and 19.9 mEq, respectively. Only calcium and phosphours excretions in the urine showed significant differences per season(p<0.05). 2) The average dietary intake per day of sodium was 2349mg in the summer and 2155mg in the winter ; potassium consumption was 1425mg in the summer and 1448mg in the winter ; intake of calcium was 472mg in the summer and 500mg in the winter ; and phosphours consumption was 642mg in the summer and 634mg in hte winter. The sodium-to-potassium consumption ratio 1.6 and 1.5, respectively, in the summer and in the winter and the calcium-to-phosphorus ration was 0.7 in the summer and 0.8 in the winter. The dietary calcium intake showed significant differences between the seasons. 3) The principal source of sodium consumption among preschool children was from seasoning-including talbe salt, soy sauce and instant sauce-which accounted for higher then 45% of the sodium intake in both seasons. The main source of potassium was frutis and vegetables which accounted for 29.6% of the potassium intake in the summer and 25.7% in the winter. Milk and milk products were the primary dource of calcium(higher then 40% in both seasons) 4) In the summer, urinary phosphours levels were weakly reated to systolic blood pressures. (0.05
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between food consumption frequency of Korean adults and self-perceived chewing difficulty, using the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ, 112 items) from 2013-2016 of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects were divided into not difficult in chewing (NDC) and difficult in chewing (DC) groups, with 24.17% being classified into DC. Males and females consumed 35 and 37 items less frequently than the other sex, respectively. Due to the remarkable gender difference in food consumption, gender-stratified one-sided survey regression analysis was performed after adjusted for the effect of age, household income, and self-rated health status. RESULTS: Thirty-four items of FFQ were significantly less consumed by the DC group. Females exclusively consumed less beverages and alcohol while males showed the same for fruits and milk·dairy products. Consumption frequency of 8 items such as steamed potatoes·grilled potatoes, stir fried beef, other kimchi·fresh vegetable kimchi, orange, sour pork·pork cutlet, tteokbokki and green tea were significant only in males. In contrast, 17 items including cooked rice with other grains and legumes, boiled egg·steamed egg, Korean cabbage kimchi, banana, and tofu stew·soft tofu stew were significant only for females. Finally, items that showed significance for both were 9 items including loaf bread, ready-to-eat cereal, steamed sweet potatoes·grilled sweet potatoes, stir-fried lotus roots·stir-fried burdock, green laver salad·brown seaweed salads, apples, tomato·cherry tomatoes, squid (raw, dried shredded, boiled, stir-fried), and curd type yogurt. CONCLUSIONS: Findings in this study suggest chewing difficulty may be an important nutritional issue that has to be dealt with for healthful food consumption, with distinct interest of gender.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.