• 한국의사학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

The medical system of the Central Military Command in the late Joseon Dynasty was practiced by military yakbang (clinicians 藥房), acupuncturists, and horse veterinarians. By analyzing and verifying various literatures, the following conclusions were obtained: 1) In the late Joseon Dynasty, military yakbang prioritized internal medical treatment over surgical treatment. Military yakbang were recognized before military acupuncturists were and had more medicinal gardens. This can be associated with the characteristics of the Military Medical Specialized Book that focuses on drug prescription. 2) The positions of military yakbang and military acupuncturists were not preferred by the Western Medical Offices (洋醫司). For example, in the latter days of King Sukjong's reign, positions were appointed from the Western Medical Offices but, on appeal, outside doctors were included as well. This is understood in terms of salary levels and guarantees of career opportunities. 3) The military acupuncturist was not selected based on ability as per the rules. If that was the case, more military acupuncturists would have been selected as royal acupuncturists (內鍼醫) under the system that continued until the late 19th century. In the future, it is expected that comparative studies will be conducted between local military medicine and the early Joseon's military medicine, thereby intensifying research on military medicine in the Joseon Dynasty.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권19호
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• pp.8331-8335
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• 2014

Background: Previous studies accessing the association of CYP2C19 with outcomes of patients using tamoxifen for breast cancer have yielded conflicting results. The aim of this meta-analysis is to obtain a more precise estimate of effects of CYP2C19 polymorphisms and to clarify their effects on survival of the breast cancer patients using tamoxifen. Materials and Methods: A systematic search of PubMed and Embase was performed, comparing patients with or without $CYP2C19^*2$ and $CYP2C19^*17$, relevant articles searched for. The following outcomes were included from the eligible studies: disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), expressed by hazard ratios (HR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analysis by genotypes was also performed. Pooled estimates were calculated using random-effect model in accordance to the heterogeneity. Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. The integrated OR on the association between CYP2C19 and DFS, calculated by the random-effect model, was 0.54 (95%CI=0.34-0.84, p=0.013). Subgroup analysis showed that both $CYP2C19^*2$ and $CYP2C19^*17$ were associated with increased survival. The pooled results of two studies for OS were OR=0.46 (95%CI=0.21-1.01, p=0.233). Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that the $CYP2C19^*2$ and $CYP2C19^*17$ genotypes are associated with increased survival in breast cancer patients using tamoxifen.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1349-1353
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• 2012

Increasing evidence has revealed that thy-1 was a potential stem cell marker of liver cancer, but no data have been shown on how thy-1 regulates the pathophysiology of liver cancer, such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration. We previously demonstrated that thy-1 was expressed in about 1% of hepg2 cells, thy-1+hepg2 cells, but not thy-1-, demonstrating high tumorigenesis on inoculation $0.5{\times}10^5$ cells per BACA/LA mouse after 2 months. In the present study, our results showed that higher expression of thy-1 occurs in 72% (36/50 cases) of neoplastic hepatic tissues as compared to 40% (20/50 cases) of control tissues, and the expression of thy-1 is higher in poorly differentiated liver tumors than in the well-differentiated ones. In addition, thy-1 expression was detected in 85% of blood samples from liver cancer patients, but none in normal subjects or patients with cirrhosis or hepatitis. There was a significant negative correlation between thy-1expression and E-cadherin expression (a marker of invasion and migraton), but not between thy-1 expression and AFP expression in all the liver cancer and blood samples. We further investigated the relationship between thy-1 and E-cadherin in liver cancer hepg2 cell line which was transfected with pReceiver-M29/thy-1 eukaryotic expression vector followed by aspirin treatment. Lower expression of E-cadherin but higher expressions of thy-1 were detected in hepg2 cells transfected with pReceiver-M29/thy-1. Taken together, our study suggested that thy-1 probably regulates liver cancer invasion and migration.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.650-658
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• 2020

The research of the AI-based command decision support system was insufficient both quantitatively and qualitatively. In particular, in Korea, there was no research on concrete concept design at the current concept research level. This paper proposed the conceptual design of a tactical echelon command decision support system based on artificial intelligence(AI) according to the current army's doctrine of the operation process. The suggested conceptual design clarified the problem and proposed an appropriate process for design, and applied the function analysis method among rational techniques that enable conceptual design systematically.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1031-1036
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• 2011

In this paper, we have proposed a methodology which can test and evaluate on system level in development phase of command guided missile system. Test and evaluation play a significant role in the development of weapon system, providing the means for determining to what extent the weapon system satisfies its requirements, whether it functions normally in the operational environment. In case of command guided missile having seeker, the missile communications link provides data to allow the missile to fly an efficient trajectory toward target. Therefore, it is very important to test and evaluate for data link between missile and radar on whole system aspect. we introduce the concept and devices for system level test and evaluation of command guided missile system.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제14권6_1호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2014

조선은 건국과 동시에 군제를 개혁하였다. 고려의 이군(二軍) 육위(六衛) 체계를 바탕으로 하여 10위(衛) 50령(領)으로 개편하였다. 하지만 사실상의 중앙군사력은 이성계의 친군인 의흥친군위(義興親軍衛)에 있었다. 이들과 더불어 중앙군사력의 중추를 이루는 것은 각도의 절제사가 상경시킨 시위패(侍衛牌)였다. 또한 반법제적인 성격의 성중애마(成衆愛馬)도 존재하고 있었다. 하지만 곧 군령과 군정체제는 정비되기 시작한다. 먼저 군령체제의 개혁으로 지휘체제의 일원화를 위해 의흥삼군부(義興三軍府)를 설립한다. 의흥삼군부(義興三軍府)는 판사 정도전에 의해서 군사전반에 걸친 강력한 통어권(統御權)을 갖는다. 이어서 정도전은 군사 교육훈련을 강화한다. 교육기관인 훈련관(訓練觀)을 설립하고, 진법훈련을 강행하는 것이다. 하지만 군령체제의 확립을 위해 가장 중요한 것은 사병혁파였다. 왕자의 난 이후 사병 혁파론이 본격적으로 대두하게 되었다. 일부 왕자와 중신들의 반대가 있었지만 결국 사병을 완전히 혁파하여 새로운 군제의 출발점이 되었다. 군정의 체계화도 이루어졌다. 태조 때 정도전은 십위(十衛)를 십사(十司)로 변경하였다. 이후 세종대에 다시 십이사(十二司)로 확대한다. 또한 태종은 흩어져 있던 이전의 갑사(甲士)들이 복립한다. 갑사(甲士)의 복립을 계기로 하여 과거의 하나의 왕부(王府)를 지키던 사병적인 甲士가 이제는 국가의 녹에 의하여 길러지는 국가의 기간병으로서 과거에 장번적인 갑사(甲士)가 이제는 체번교대(遞番交代)를 행하는 국가제도로서 성립된 규범에 의하여 제도화의 시초를 이루는 것으로 보아야 할 것이다. 추가적으로 별시위(別侍衛), 내금위(內禁衛), 겸사복(兼司僕) 등의 각종 특수병종이 증창설 된다. 이들은 금군(禁軍)의 강화라는 측면에서 각자의 역할을 한다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2011

The modern warfare needs sharing tactical situation and Command and Control(C2) capacity. Lately, developing of C2 System for Soldiers has dramatically increased according to increase of asymmetric state of hostilities like a guerilla war or a street-to-street fighting. In this paper, we explain the concepts of C2 System for Soldiers and Smart Phone. We describe the proposed system composed of HMD equipment, Smart Phone, and exclusive software. This system provides that Soldiers have C2 capacity and share the image of a visual field. It also offers efficient military power disposition and understanding tactical situation in operations.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.755-761
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• 2015

Satellite Air-defence Warning System receives the aircraft/ballistic track information and air defense control command obtained from Master Control & Reporting Center (MCRC) and Air Missile Defence Cell (AMD Cell) Systems. It consists of terminal and control system to propagate track information and air defense control command control via the military satellite communications. In this paper, there were described track information, air defense control command, the frame structure of modem to transmit a voice information and modulation/demodulator design, network synchronization methods via the satellite network.

• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권9호
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• pp.257-282
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an architecture design of military operation system utilizing cellular networks. The main contribution of this paper is to provide a cost-effective military operation solution for ground forces, which is based on IT(information technology). By employing the cellular phones of officers' and non-commissioned officers' as the tools of operational communication, the proposed system can be constructed in the minimum duration and be built on the four components: command and control system, gateway, security system, and terminal(cell phone). This system is most effective for the warfare of limited area, but the effectiveness does not decrease under the total war covering the whole land of Korea. For the environmental change of near future, expanded architecture is also provided to utilize the functionalities of smart phones.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2007

군의 전투 상황을 모의하는 전투 시뮬레이션 모델을 개발함에 있어서 현대전, 미래전의 핵심인 지휘통제분야에 대한 모의가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 교전위주의 현재 워게임 모델을 개선하기위해 군의 의사결정과정인 부대지휘절차를 지능형 에이전트를 이용하는 모의방법론을 제시하였다. 계층별 지휘본부를 대리할 수 있는 다중 에이전트의 아키텍처를 설계하고 각각 에이전트의 기본적인 구조와 모의논리를 연구하였다. 본 연구는 지능형 에이전트의 적용대상을 관으로 확대하는 방법론이 될 것이고, 기본구조를 더욱 심화 발전시키면 불확실한 전장상황을 보다 정확하게 모의할 수 있는 기초가 될 것이다.