• 대한치매학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.100-109
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• 2018

Background and Purpose: Although the clock drawing test (CDT) is a widely used cognitive screening instrument, there have been inconsistent findings regarding its utility with various scoring systems in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. The present study aimed to identify whether patients with MCI or dementia exhibited impairment on the CDT using three different scoring systems, and to determine which scoring system is more useful for detecting MCI and mild dementia. Methods: Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI), mild Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild vascular dementia (VaD), and cognitively normal older adults (CN) were included. All participants were administered the CDT, the Korean-Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), and the Clinical Dementia Rating scale. The CDT was scored using the 3-, 5-, and 15-point scoring systems. Results: On all three scoring systems, all patient groups demonstrated significantly lower scores than the CN. However, while there were no significant differences among patients with aMCI, VaMCI, and AD, those with VaD exhibited the lowest scores. Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curves revealed that the three CDT scoring systems were comparable with the K-MMSE in differentiating aMCI, VaMCI, and VaD from CN. In differentiating AD from CN, however, the CDT using the 15-point scoring system demonstrated the most comparable discriminability with K-MMSE. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that the CDT is a useful cognitive screening tool that is comparable with the Mini-Mental State Examination, and that simple CDT scoring systems are sufficient for differentiating patients with MCI and mild dementia from CN.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.550-559
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of the integrated dementia managing programme for the elderly with mild dementia in which the physiological, cognitive, emotional, sociological and spiritual aspects have considered. Methods: This study employed non-equivalent control group pre-post tests with the repeated measure design. The subjects of the study were 39 elderly with mild dementia (20 in the experimental group and 19 in the control group) who have admitted to two nursing homes in B city. The data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There were significant interactions between two groups and times in self-efficacy (p=.011), cognitive function (p<.001), depression (p=.005), spiritual well-being (p=.002), and quality of life (p=.037). The integrated dementia managing programme of this study showed significant positive effects on the quality of life for the elderly with mild dementia. Conclusion: On considering the current trends of aging and increasing number of the elderly with dementia, this integrated programme would be highly recommended to be used in nursing homes for the elderly with mild dementia, and contribute to improving their quality of life, and saving the social and medical expenses as well.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2019

Objectives: To identify the cost effectiveness of early dementia diagnosis using the 2014 Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service-National Patients Sample (HIRA-NPS). Methods: The medical costs of dementia between Western medical care and Korean medical care were compared through the reimbursement and non-reimbursement item code for dementia examination. In addition, the medical expenses of patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment were compared and analyzed with respect to Western and Korean medical care. Results: There were 87,434 claims, of which 16,101 patients were diagnosed with dementia and 38,680,789,560 won was found to be the medical expenses. 12,881 patients (80.0%) with dementia, 3,144 patients (19.5%) with mild cognitive impairment, and 76 patients (0.5%) progressing from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. The proportion of medical expenses was 97.6% for dementia patients, 2.3% for mild cognitive impairment, and 1% for patients progressing from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. 86,070 claims (98.4%) were from Western medical care, with16,824 patients (98.2%), and the medical expenses was 38,546,895,400 won (99.7%). 1,361 claims (1.6%) were from Korean medical care, with 303 patients (1.8%), and the medical expenses was 133,894,160 won (0.3%). Conclusions: This study compared and analyzed the medical costs of dementia patients and the diagnosis of both Korean and Western medical care. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic research data for investigating cost effectiveness of developing early diagnosis of dementia.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2016

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of LOTCA-G and ADL by individualized cognitive program in elderly with vascular dementia, alzheimer dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Method : The subjects of this study, old man and woman diagnosed with vascular dementia, alzheimer dementia and mild cognitive impairment, 24 patients were picked up, who were agreed with this research and were having hospital care for 3weeks at nursing care centers. Individualized cognitive program was applied to 8 patients of vascular dementia, 8 patients of alzheimer dementia and 8 patients of mild cognitive impairment. Cognitive function measured by LOTCA-G and performance measured by FIM. The SPSS Ver. 22.0 statistical program was used for data processing. The significance level for statistical inspection was set as 0.05. Result : In comparison of LOTCA-G was significant increased after intervention and among three groups were significant difference. But FIM was no significant difference after intervention and among three groups were no significant difference. Conclusion : Therefore, the individualized cognitive program is useful to improve the cognitive function in elderly with dementia and mild cognitive impairment.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.274-284
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• 2017

우리 사회는 고령화에 따라 치매 유병률이 지속적으로 증가하여 사회적으로 큰 문제가 되고 있다. 국가적으로 장기 요양 보험 제도를 시행하고 있으나, 조건이 안되는 치매 노인은 기본적인 요양서비스도 이용할 수 없는 상황이다. 이러한 사회적 배경 아래 스마트폰 사용이 보편화되는 환경 하에서 현재 서비스되는 애플리케이션의 기능 분석과 대상자 설문조사를 토대로 초기(경증) 치매 노인에게 질병 관리 및 가족 간의 소통에 도움을 주는 애플리케이션에 대해 연구하고자 하였다. 연구 방법은 연구주제와 관련된 이론 연구를 배경으로 경증 치매 노인을 위해 서비스되는 애플리케이션 사용 환경을 분석하였으며, 이 분석을 통해 치매 노인을 위한 앱이 없다는 사실을 알게 되었다. 이 기본연구를 바탕으로 경도 치매 노인에게 필요한 약물 복용 관리, 신체 활동 관리, 두뇌 활동 관리, 치매 정보, 메모 등의 기능이 포함된 애플리케이션의 디자인기획 방향을 제시하였다. 나라에서 시행하는 제도적 지원에 이와 같은 서비스가 확대된다면, 애플리케이션 사용을 통해 수집된 데이터를 기반으로 경증 치매의 제도적 관리 선진화에 기여를 할 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1253-1262
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• 2006

This research explored the clothing behavior of dementia inpatient according to the dementia severity, dementia type and demographic characteristics. Data were collected by surveying 149 dementia inpatients and their caregivers. The collected data were analysed through frequency analysis, $X^2$-test, one way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test and t-test. The results were as follows: First, the dementia severity was classified into the severe, moderate and mild dementia by K-MMSE and the dementia types were composed of Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and the others. The severe dementia group and Alzheimer's disease group included the more aged and more female inpatients. And the severe dementia group was lower self-support of the basic activities of daily living than the mild dementia group. Second, the change motions of the dementia inpatient's clothing differed from the clothing item and dementia severity. That is, the motions for pants were more difficult than those for upper garment. And the motions for severe dementia group were more difficult than those for the mild dementia group. Third, there were significant differences among the three groups by dementia severity and between the male and female dementia inpatient in the clothing behavior. Most of abnormal clothing behaviors were found in the severe dementia group. The positive clothing behaviors appeared in the mild dementia group. And interests of clothing and appearance appeared in the female inpatients.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.42-51
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to develop clothing design for mild dementia patients who display positive action in clothing for the improvement of the quality of life of the dementia patients following the symptoms of patients in accordance with the clinical classification to provide the functional assistance for ordinary living as well as emotional stability and aesthetic functions for the dementia elderly. The method of research is performed for theories through the advanced research and documentary data, and interpreted in functional and aesthetic level on the basis of the result of advance survey related to the characteristics of the mild dementia patients and clothing conduct of elderly with light dementia to select the material, color, decoration and functional design with four pairs for women and two pairs for men. Designs for the total of six have been actually produced by making the map, including the material swatch, color and others. The questionnaire as the measuring tool is used and the assessment category is made for the adaptability of design on each category. On the six clothes that are produced for the mild dementia patients, the statistics package SPSS Ver 12.0 is used for the data analysis on questions 8-10 for the frequency analysis. In overall, the leisure clothing for mild dementia patients developed from this research are generally satisfied, and overall type, material, color, detail and arrangement are generally evaluated highly, and have the assessment of normal or better in the color size and type.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2020

본 연구는 정상 노인과 초기 단계의 노년기 인지 장애(경도인지장애(MCI), 경도 치매)의 선별검사인 대면 이름대기와 범주 이름대기의 예측력을 파악하였다. 노년기 인지장애로 진단을 받은 340명(정상 노인 203명, MCI 106명, 경도 치매 31명)을 분석하였다. 대면 이름대기는 단축형 한국판 보스턴 이름대기 검사로 측정하였고, 범주 이름대기는 통제연상단어검사의 의미검사와 음소검사를 이용하여 측정하였다. 이름대기 검사의 예측 성능을 비교하고자 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 수행한 결과, 대면 이름대기와 범주 이름대기 검사 모두 일반노인에서 MCI와 경도 치매를 감별하는데 유의미한 효과가 확인되었다(p<0.05). 반면, MCI에서 경도 치매를 감별할 때, 범주 이름대기의 음소검사는 교차비가 유의미하지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과는 MCI에서 경도 치매를 감별할 때, 범주 이름대기의 총점만을 측정기준으로 분석하는 것은 유의하지 않을 가능성이 높음을 시사한다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2020

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dual-task training with cognitive tasks on cognitive functions and β-amyloid levels in the elderly with mild dementia. METHODS: The subjects were 36 elderly inpatients diagnosed with mild dementia at S Hospital located in Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea. The patients were randomly divided into a dual-task training group (DTG; n = 18) or a single-task training group (STG; n = 18). DTG performed dual-task training with cognitive tasks while STG performed only exercise tasks. These groups performed their respective exercises during a 30-minute session occurring three times a week over an 8-week period. MMSE-K and GDS were used to measure the subjects' cognitive function. To assess the subjects' dementia-related factors, their β-amyloid levels were measured by blood analysis. RESULTS: The results of the experiment were as follows: DTG showed statistically significant differences between their MMSE-K scores and β-amyloid levels before and after training (p < .05), whereas they exhibited no statistically significant differences in their GDS scores. MMSE-K scores and β-amyloid levels were significantly different between DTG and STG after training. CONCLUSION: The present study's overall results indicate that dual-task training with cognitive tasks is more effective than single-task training in improving cognitive functions and β-amyloid levels in the elderly with mild dementia. In other words, regular dual-task training can be considered as effective in improving cognitive function and dementia-related factors in the elderly with mild dementia and thus may be suggested as an effective exercise method for the treatment and early prevention of dementia.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.12-21
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• 2017

Purpose: This study attempts to examine the effects of a horticultural program on activities of daily living (ADL) and depression among older patients with mild dementia. Methods: This study adopted a quasi-experimental design-based nonequivalent control group pretest and posttest design, enrolling 30 older patients with mild dementia. The Korean Form of Geriatric Depression Scale was utilized, while the data was collected from the experimental group for 60 minutes, twice weekly for 6 weeks in 12 sessions. ADL and depression were assessed for both the experimental and the control group. Overall functions were assessed only for the experimental group. Results: The experimental group showed improvement in physical function, cognitive function, as well as psychological, emotional function and social function following each session (p<.001). The horticulture program was effective in both ADL ($Z^2=5.65$, p<.001) and depression (t=-5.24, p<.001). Conclusion: In this study, the horticultural therapy based on the Cox's interaction model had positive effects for older patients with mild dementia. Therefore, horticultural therapy may be commendably applied to older patients with mild dementia as a nursing intervention.