• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.29-32
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• 1969

Skinfold thickness measurement and total body fat calculation were made in summer (July) and winter (December or January) On 70 medical students (age: 20 yr),8 national team basketball players (age: 20 yr), and 9 middle-age men. Skinfold thickness measurements were made on 4 sites, namely, back, arm, waist and abdomen. The mean skinfold thickness (mm) of the 4 sites was substituted into the following formulae. For adult of 20 years old: % Fat=0.911x+8.1, and for middle-aged men % Fat=1.199x+1.41. In young medical students and ball players body weight decreased, mean skinfold thickness increased in winter season. As a result total body fat .(% body weight) increased in winter In middle-aged men both body weight and mean skinfold thickness increased in winter and resulted in an increase in the total body fat. The detailed data are as follows: 1. In medical students summer: winter values were: body weight, 59.7 :58.9 kg; mean skinfold thickness, 7.85 : 8.12 mm; and total body fat, 15.0 : 15.5% body weight (P<.30). 2. In national team basketball players summer: winter values were: body weight, 73.5 : 69.1 kg; mean skinfold thickness, 7.2 : 7.5 mm; total body fat, 11.6 : 12.1% (P:NS). 3. In middle-aged men summer vs winter values were: body weight, 61.5 : 63.0 kg; mean skinfold thickness, 10.3 : 11.8 mm; total body fat, 17.2 : 18.0% (P:NS). 4. Skinfold thickness on back showed no seasonal variation and on abdomen the thickness increased in winter. 5. It was concluded that the predominant factor in increasing total body fat in winter is the decrease in body exercise in the winter time.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1739-1743
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to develop a movement program adopted from Bellydance, and to analyze the effects of the Bellydance program on the blood Components and Deoxypyridinoline, Osteocalcin in middle aged women. The Bellydance program was composed of warming-up (10min), main exercise (40min) and cooling-down (10min) parts. The 40 middle-aged women between 40 and 60 year old were divided into two group; the control group (8 women), the Bellydance group (8 women). The Bellydance program was applied three times a 12weeks. The result of this study were as follow. RBC, Hb, WBC, PLT, Osteocalcin was measured in a whole blood. The belly dance group showed WBC was more significantly decreased than control group, but RBC, Hb, PLT were insignificant in other groups. The belly dance group showed Deoxypyridinoline was more significantly increased than control group, but Osteocalcin were insignificant in other groups. Therefore this program can be available in middle aged women.

• The Korean Journal of Urological Oncology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.103-109
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• 2018

Purpose: We evaluated the relationship of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and obesity indices (weight, body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]) in Korean middle-aged men. Materials and Methods: From February to September 2013, 1,900 police men under 60 years old who participated in a prostate health screening program were included this cross-sectional study. All subjects underwent clinical examinations including weight, height, BMI, WC, fasting blood sugar, lipid profiles, estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and PSA. Total prostate volume (TPV) was assessed clinically. Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression tests were performed to evaluate the obesity indices and PSA relationships. Results: The mean age was $52.0{\pm}4.7years$, and the mean PSA was $0.97{\pm}0.99ng/mL$. The PSA showed a significant positive correlation with the age (r=0.108, p<0.01), TPV (r=0.349, p<0.01), height (r=-0.052, p<0.05), weight (r=0.186, p<0.05), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r=0.056, p<0.05), and GFR (r=-0.096, p<0.01). All obesity indices including weight, BMI, and WC showed negative correlations with PSA (beta=-0.013, p<0.001; beta=-0.039, p<0.001; and beta=-0.010, p=0.005; respectively) in age and TPV-adjusted model. Conclusions: Common obesity indices (weight, BMI, and WC) were associated with lower PSA in Korean middle-aged population. Thus, an individual's degree of obesity should be considered when PSA is checked in the first prostate cancer screening of life.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 1995

The radiographic findings of soft tissue calcification in the oral and maxillofacial area was analysed using panoramic, skull P-A and intraoral radiographs in 250 patients. The obtained results were as follows ; 1. Salivary stone had the highest rate of occurrence at 46％(116 cases), followed by lymph node calcification(97 cases), phleholith(21 cases), multiple miliary osteoma(15 cases), antrolith(l case), vessel calcification(l case) and cysticercosis(1 case). 2. The prevalence of salivary stone was slightly higher in females, on the right side and in the middle-aged group and was especially higher in the submandibular gland(83％). The majority of them were round-shaped, homogeneously radiopaque and associated with sialodochitis. 3. The prevalence of lymph node calcification was higher in the female and old-aged group. Irregular shape and radiopaque bodies were seen in the cervical area, bilaterally. 4. The prevalence of phlebolith was slightly higher in the male, and the third decade group. The radiopaque bodies were 4-8 mm in diameter and had laminated appearance. 5. The prevalence of multiple miliary osteoma was higher in old-aged females. The numerous doughnut-shaped radiopaque bodies, sized 2-4 mm in diameter, were seen bilaterally in the cheek and were usually associated with the edentulous ridge.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.35
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• pp.375-397
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• 1998

This study is to develop welfare programs based on the characteristics of middle-or-old-aged woman workers in manufacturing industry. 7cities and 2 counties in Kyunggi-Do were selected. for survey considering their accessibility. Total 471 woman workers were interviewed personally and the data has been analyzed using SPSS. First, the findings show that their family structure is characterized by nuclear family and they have school-aged children who need someone else's care, therefore they need child related services to help them such as after school care. Second, they have few welfare facilities in their work and they have never tried to find any outside their work. Thus, it is necessary to prepare welfare programs in their working place. The welfare programs they need most are discount stores, medical service, counseling service, and so on. In conclusion, the welfare needs of woman workers cannot be thought without considering family structure of woman workers, the degree of welfare facilities in the work, and their welfare needs.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.187-202
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the middle-aged Korean's experience discriminated level on the acts of discrimination against the elderly, and moderating effect of the awareness of social status of the aged. The subjects were 509 middle-aged(40-54 years old) from the Korean General Social Survey(KGSS)(2011). This study applied descriptive analyses, correlation analysis and multi-regression with STATA14. The results showed that the level of discrimination against the elderly was 2.20points(5 points), and awareness of elderly's social status was 2.45 points (4 points). Middle-aged Korean's experience discriminated was 0.74. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that discriminatory experiences affect positively on discrimination against the elderly. However, the awareness of elderly' social status had a negative interaction effect on the relationship between discriminatory experiences and discrimination against the elderly. Discrimination against the elderly was increased when the level of experience of discrimination was high and the social status of the aged was low. Based on the results, this study suggested practical and political opinions for reducing Discrimination against the elderly.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2019

This study identifies oral health behavior factors related to the health-related quality of life(EQ-5D) of adults. Three groups are analyzed, young adults(aged 19 to 39 years old), middle-aged(40 to 64 years old), and elderly(over 65 years old). By comparing the factors related to health-related quality of life by age, we will provide information for improving the overall quality of life, including oral health for current and future elderly. Using raw data from the 1st year(2016) of the National Health and Nutrition Survey, the oral health behaviors of the study subjects were compared. These included: the number of times teeth were brushed, the time brushing took place, the use of interdental care products, and whether they went for oral and examinations. There was a statistical significance in treatment experience and drinking habits. There was also a significant influence on the health-related quality of life across the age groups. Therefore, it is possible to improve the health-related quality of life, including oral health practices according to age. It will be necessary to develop and apply.

• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.517-529
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• 2019

The study was conducted on the impact of employment types middle and old age group of wage earner on life satisfaction and analyzed by dividing it into variables in the employment types and demographic characteristics. Based on the data for the 12th year of the Korea Welfare Panel Study, 1,244 respondents who answered that the main types of economic activities were 'full-time, temporary, daily wage earners' or 'self-help labor, public labor, and elderly empolyment program in public sector.' among 4,341 people over 55 years of age under the age of 75 as of 2017 standard. The survey covered 1,244 people. By age group, 826 people aged 55-64 (middle-age group) and 418 people aged 65-74(old-age group). Middle age group showed that education level, spouse, health condition, beneficiaries of basic livelihood and average monthly income variables were the factors that influence the satisfaction of life. But The type of employment did not significantly affect. Old age group showed that the higher education level, in spouse with-living or spouse death, the better health condition is perceived, the less experience of beneficiaries of basic livelihood, the higher average monthly income, the more satisfied life is. The survey also found that old-aged people who participate in "self-help labor, public labor, and elderly employment program in public sector" are also found to be more satisfied with their lives. According to these results, policy for the old age group should be focused on hunting and expanding of employment program in public sector for the elderly. In order to boost life satisfaction of the elderly, more intensive vocational education and employment training should be provided.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.4694-4702
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was a descriptive research that identified the levels of health-promoting behaviors, previous related behavior, perceived benefits/barriers, self-efficacy, and social support. In addition, it was to establish the relations among the variables, and determine the factors affecting the health-promoting behaviors. Study participants were 311 middle aged between 55-64 in urban areas, and the data were collected through self-reported structured questionnair. According to the results, the mean score for the levels of health-promoting behaviors of the late middle aged was 2.64. Also, among the variables related to health-promoting behaviors, perceived benefits were the highest score (30.7), and perceived barriers were the lowest one (2.08). Meaningful positive correlations were found among health-promoting behaviors and previous related behavior, social support, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy, but perceived barriers showed weakly negative correlations. In addition, the factors affecting health promoting behaviors were revealed in order as following: Previous health related behavior(${\beta}$=.35, p<.001), perceived benefits(${\beta}$=.32, p<.001), social support(${\beta}$=.28, p<.001), and life satisfaction(${\beta}$=.13, p<.001), and this model's explanatory power was 68.8%(F=166.71, p<.001). Based on the findings from the study, in order for the late middle aged to have a well-being old age, an health promoting education program including exercises and stress management should be provided to maintain and improve proper health promoting behaviors. The network with the same age groups also should be supported to share useful information and back up one another.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.3 s.71
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• pp.5-14
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of personal characteristics and body cathexis of middle-aged women on their clothing image preferences. Data was collected using questionnaire from 35 to 59 of age living in Daegu. The questions for personal characteristics included ascendancy, responsibility, emotional stability, sociability and self-confidence. Clothing images included the noble, bold, practical and female. Data were analyzed using SAS, SPSS programs for frequency, percentage, average, correlation, ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The body cathexis of middle-aged women to their own body is not so high and the satisfaction with their body parts were face features, upper limb, lower limb, torso, height, physique, weight orderly. 2. The more satisfied with their body the higher emotional stability and self-confidence. 3. The more satisfied with the face the more preferred noble, bold, female image in doffing. The more satisfied with the torso and physique the more preferred bold, female image in clothing. 4. Middle-aged women with a high ascendancy preferred bold image and, those with a high responsibility preferred a practical image. Those with a high emotional stability preferred noble, practical image. Middle-aged women having a high sociability preferred noble, male image and having a high self-confidence preferred bole, male image.