• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.285-294
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• 2013

Purpose: The study was done to survey feminine hygiene and vaginal douche practices in middle-aged women to obtain basic information for public health education. Methods: With a descriptive survey design, 134 middle-aged women who have menstrual period were recruited via convenience sampling. Survey contents were from the study by Czerwinski (2000) regarding feminine hygiene and vaginal douching practices. After obtaining IRB approval, a self-administered structured questionnaire was distributed to study participants. Results: Mean age of middle-aged women was 46.88 years old. Fifty-six percent of the women practiced vaginal douching. Women performed douching with water (68%), commercial products (13%), soap (12%), and vinegar-mixed water (6%) for clean and fresh feeling, removal of unpleasant odor, and removal of vaginal discharge. Vaginal douche practice was significantly related to a history of vaginitis. Conclusion: The study results indicate that most of the women practiced inadequate feminine hygiene especially in douching, suggesting that is important to develop education programs on feminine hygiene practices for women of all ages, especially regarding douching and hand washing before and after changing pads or tampons.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1389-1399
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• 2000

Massage therapy is a traditional, alternative and nonphamacological means of promoting rest and relaxation. However, nursing intervention by massage for middle-aged women is rarely practiced by nurses. The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of the hand and arm massage as an independent nursing intervention tool for middle- aged women. The data used in this research were collected from forty-nine subjects using a nonequivalent control group non- synchronized design. Twenty-four persons for the experimental group and Twenty-five persons for the control group were selected from D city and C city from July 1997 to September 2000. Subjects' ages were between forty and fifty-six years old with mean the age of 45.6. Hand and arm massage developed by Cayce and Reilly was applied to the experimental group for a session of 15 minutes two or three times a week for four weeks. The instruments used for the measurement of the subjects' stress, anxiety, depression and the middle-life crisis were Langners's 22-item Self-rating Depression Scale, and Kim's Middle Life Crisis Scale(1988). These psychological factors were measured before and after the implementation of hand and arm massage. The data were analyzed with mean$\pm$s.d, percent, t-test, and a paired t-test. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Before the treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups. 2. After the treatment, there were significant differences in the stress and the occurrence of mid life crisis between the two groups. The findings suggest that the use of the life crisis. Therefore, it is recommended that hand and arm massage be used as an independent nursing intervention tool for middle-aged women. For further research, is needed replication of this concept of research with different subjects in a larger population. Also, it is recommended to investigate the effects of massage with aroma therapy for the berefit of decreasing womens' stress level further.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.516-526
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• 2001

Working towards the compression of morbidity, we attempted to find the way to contribute to desirable aging and/or healthy old age. By looking into the factors affecting nutrient intake in middle-aged adults, we sought to find ways to improve their health status, Two hundred and fifty middle-aged adults from 40 to 60 years of age residing in Seoul and its vicinity were recruited for the survey. Subjects were interviewed for general characteristics, dietary habits lifestyle, status and food intake by a trained interviewer. Two -day food record was included in addition to the 1 -day 24 hr recall. Date were analyzed for the relationship among nutrient intake, health status, socio-economic status dietary habits and lifestyle using a statistical program (SAS) Although the mean energy intake of the subjects did not reach the recommenced dietary allowances(RDA), mean protein intake was well above the RAD for both sex groups(111.2% and 129.1% for men and women, respectively) The caloric contribution of fat was 15 to 20 % of total energy intake among different groups. Riboflavin was the most deficient nutrient and its mean intake reached only 71.0% of RDA for mean This seemed to be due to the lower intake of milk and dairy products among middle-aged Koreans who are more accustomed to traditional meals. Income and exercise habit were the most important factors influencing the nutrient intake of middle-age adults. Also, BMI, smoking habit, level of education regularity of meal, and hours of sleeping influenced the nutrient intake, In conclusion, middle-age adults appeared to have similar problems with the elderly in terms of nutrient intake and this age group should to included when considering nutritionally vulnerable groups in addition to the elderly and young children. The improvement in the nutrition status of middle-age adults is even more important because that could lead into the better health the elderly.

• 한국노년학
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.727-745
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• 2017

본 연구는 중고령층에서 초기노년층의 주관적 건강수준의 변화양상과 그 격차를 결정짓는 요인으로 불안정 고용(precarious employment) 및 고용상태 관련 요인의 영향력을 살펴보고자 하였다. 또한 공적 및 사적 사회적 자본이 중고령기에서 초기노년기에 이르는 주관적 건강상태의 격차를 완화시킬 수 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 한국노동패널조사(KLIPS) 6차~17차년도 자료를 사용하였고, 다수준 성장곡선 모형(Multi-level growth curve modeling)을 고정효과(fixed effects) 모형과 확률효과(random effects)모형으로 STATA 13.0을 사용하여 추정하였다. 또한 두 모형을 기반으로 한 가설검정을 위해 하우스만 검정을 수행하였다. 연구결과는 정규직에 비해 일용직이 시간에 따른 주관적 건강상태의 변화를 악화시키는 요인으로 나타났으며, 임금, 고용상태의 질(근로시간), 사적/관계적 사회적 자본이 중고령기에서 초기노년기에 이르는 건강격차를 설명할 수 있는 주요 요인으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 기반으로 '확산 가설'과 '누적되는 이익' 가설을 지지하고 있으며, 중고령기에서 초기노년기에 이르는 건강불평등을 완화시킬 수 있는 고용지원 정책 및 사회적 서비스 개발 방향을 제시하고 있다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2019

본 연구는 한국의 중고령자(45세 이상)를 대상으로 자산과 삶의 만족 간에 관계에서 우울감의 매개효과를 검증하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 국민노후보장패널(KReIS) 5차 본조사(2013년) 데이터를 활용하였다. 자료분석을 위해 SPSS 21.0과 AMOS 25.0을 사용하였다. 분석방법은 기술통계분석, 상관관계 분석, 회귀분석, 경로분석 등을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 중고령자의 자산은 우울감에 부(-)적인 영향을 미쳤고, 우울감은 삶의 만족에 부(-)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 중고령자의 자산은 삶의 만족에 정(+)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 중고령자의 자산은 우울감의 매개를 거쳐 삶의 만족에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 이상의 분석결과를 바탕으로 중년세대의 자산형성 지원 프로그램 도입과 노인세대의 기초연금의 보편적 실시와 점차적인 급여인상 등의 지원방안을 제시하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2018

Objective As aging progresses, clinical characteristics of elderly patients in the emergency department (ED) vary by age. We aimed to study differences among elderly patients in the ED by age group. Methods For 2 years, patients aged 65 and older were enrolled in the study and classified into three groups: youngest-old, ages 65 to 74 years; middle-old, 75 to 84 years; and oldest-old, ${\geq}85years$. Participants' sex, reason for ED visit, transfer from another hospital, results of treatment, type of admission, admission department and length of stay were recorded. Results During the study period, a total 64,287 patients visited the ED; 11,236 (17.5%) were aged 65 and older, of whom 14.4% were 85 and older. With increased age, the female ratio (51.5% vs. 54.9% vs. 69.1%, P<0.001), medical causes (79.5% vs. 81.3% vs. 81.7%, P=0.045), and admission rate (35.3% vs. 42.8% vs. 48.5%, P<0.001) increased. Admissions to internal medicine (57.5% vs. 59.3% vs. 64.7%, P<0.001) and orthopedic surgery (8.5% vs. 11.6% vs. 13.8%, P<0.001) also increased. The ratio of admission to intensive care unit showed no statistical significance (P=0.545). Patients over age 85 years had longer stays in the ED (330.9 vs. 378.9 vs. 407.2 minutes, P<0.001), were discharged home less (84.4% vs. 78.9% vs. 71.5%, P<0.001), and died more frequently (6.3% vs. 10.4% vs. 13.0%, P<0.001). Conclusion With increased age, the proportion of female patients and medical causes increased. Rates of admission and death increased with age and older patients had longer ED and hospital stays.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.56-70
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• 2014

Background: Korea shows rapid population aging and increase in healthcare service use and expenditure. Also, this would be accelerated because of the baby boomers who will be 65 years old and more in 2020. Chronic disease is another reason that increases the use of healthcare service and expenditure of the middle- and old-aged households. Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) is the index which can indicate the households' burden of health spending. Despite the importance, there are few studies on CHE of middle- and old-aged households and especially no panel study yet. This is the reason that this study is carried out. Methods: This study used 3-year data from the Korea Welfare Panel Study conducted from 2009 to 2011. We defined CHE if a household's health expenditure is equal or greater than the threshold value if income remaining after subsistence needs has been met. We used 4 different threshold values which are 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. In order to look at the households which experienced CHE, we conducted panel logit analysis after correspondence analysis and conditional transition probability analysis. Results: This study showed three notable results. First, there has been a difference among age groups, which implies that the older people are, the more easily they can experience CHE. Second, the households with no private insurance are shown to have a higher CHE occurrence rate. Lastly, there has been a significant difference among the kinds of chronic diseases. The households which have cancer, cerebrovascular disease, and heart disease have a higher CHE occurrence rate. However, the households with diabetes have no significant effects to CHE occurrence. Also, hypertension has a negative effect to the occurrence. Conclusion: With the results, it can be implied that elderly people with chronic disease are more needed in medical coverage and healthcare. Also, private insurance can play its role in protecting households from CHE. Therefore, it needs to conduct studies on CHE especially about different age groups, private insurance, and chronic disease.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2002

In order to promote well-being during old age, it is important to start preparing early on for the later life. Based on this thesis, this study examined attitudes of the middle-aged women residing in rural towns on their preparation for old age as well as related variables. For this purpose, survey data from 200 individuals were analyzed using a SAS program. The overall degree of preparation for old age was quantified as about 67 points out of a 100 possible points. The variables that affected the level of preparedness include attitude toward using a paid nursing home ($\beta$=.23), type of agricultural work they engage in ($\beta$=-.21), who do you think is a supporter during your old age($\beta$=.20)］, type of decision-making in the household ($\beta$=.17). The explanatory power of such variables as standards of living ($\beta$=.18), family type ($\beta$=-.18), recognition of the entrance of old age ($\beta$=.17), and preparation behavior for old age ($\beta$=.15) were partially proved in three sub-areas (economical, emotional, and leisure areas) of preparation. The groundwork of this study could be used as basic materials to develop an educational program to improve the attitudes toward preparation for old age.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1998

The study attempts to examine the moderating effects of social support and self-complexity in coping to the death of spouse among middle and old-aged widows. The important findings from the data based on the sample of 161 widows are (1) age differentiates the types of stress experienced by widows (2) social support and self-complexity may either buffer or intensify depending on the circumstances in which widows reside in the negative effects of stress on psychological health among widows and (3) the moderating role of social support and self-complexity differs according to age of widows with older widows being more affected by these coping resources The results of the study support the assumptions drawn from Life-Course Perspective to explain the coping process to the death of spouse.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.47-68
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• 2015

본 연구는 중년여성들이 현재까지 자신들의 삶을 어떻게 살아왔고, 현재시점에서 그들의 삶을 어떻게 바라보고 있는지, 그 경험의 의미와 구조는 무엇인지를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 50세에서 59세 사이의 중년여성 7명을 대상으로 총 3회에 걸친 인터뷰를 실시하였다. 인터뷰 자료는 현상학적 연구방법인 Giorgi 방법을 이용하여 분석과 해석의 과정을 거쳐서 진행하였으며, 그 결과 의미단위 358개를 도출하고, 다시 하위구성요소 26개로 묶은 후 최종 구성요소로 7개의 범주로 나누었다. 분석 결과, 중년여성들의 삶에 대한 조명은 "어려운 가정 형편", "원가족(family-of origin)의 의미", "역동적인 사회 경험", "결혼", "애달픔", "점점 느껴지는 노화"와 "삶의 초점"으로 구성되었다. 이상과 같은 의미를 바탕으로 중년 여성들의 삶에 대한 조명의 구조는 결론적으로, 어려운 가정형편을 더욱 절실하게 느낀 참여자들이 전문직종에 종사하게 되었으며, 역동적인 사회경험, 결혼, 자식에 대한 애달픔을 경험하면서 노화를 영성을 통하여 긍정적으로 바라보고 있었다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 중년여성들에게 통합적이고 바람직한 노후를 맞이하게 하기 위한 올바른 영성 프로그램의 제공을 제언한다.