• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.343-350
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• 2010

Wireless Sensor Network is an event-driven system that a large number of micro sensor nodes are collected, giving and Wing information. Congestion can take place easily since a great number of sensor nodes are sensing data and transferring them to sink nodes when an event occurs, comparing to the existing wired network. Current internet transport protocol is TCP/UDP, however, this is not proper for wireless sensor network event-driven ESRT, STCP and CODA are being studied for reliable data transport in the wireless sensor network. Congestion are being detected local buffer and channel loading with these techniques. Broadcasting is mainly used and can avoid congestion when one happens. The way that combining local buffer and channel loading information and detecting congestion is being studied in this paper. When congestion occurs, buffering state is divided into three in order to lessen the broadcasting sending the message on congestion control to the node having frequent channel loading. Thus they have advantage of decreasing network's loading.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.331-335
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• 2013

Buckwheat sprout is used as vegetable, and also flour for making noodles, and so on. Currently, information about tissue culture in buckwheat is limited and restricted to micro-propagation. We carried out somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration using hypocotyl segments as explant of the cultivated buckwheat species, Fagopyrum esculentum which differs from existing studies in the growth regulator combinations used. Maximum callus regeneration was induced on MS medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) $2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, benzyladenine (BA) $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and 3% sucrose. Friable callus was transferred to solidified MS media containing BA ($1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) with various concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid for the induction of embryogenesis. The optimum concentrations of growth regulators (for regeneration of plantlet) were indole-3-acetic acid ($2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$), Kinetin ($1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$), BA ($1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$). Only 2,4-D did not show any significant effect on callus induction or embryogenesis. Regeneration of embryonic callus varied from 5% to 20%. Whole plants were obtained at high frequencies when the embryogenic calli with somatic embryos and organized shoot primordia were transferred to MS media with 3% sucrose. The main objective of this research was to develop an efficient protocol for plant regeneration for common buckwheat, and to apply in future for genetic transformation.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1301-1306
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• 2015

This paper is to automate the intelligent and equipment to recycle the volatile organic compounds in various a gas stations and a laundry, in real life. In addition, based the ZigBee module and TCP/IP communications on ICT technologies, it's propose an integrated management system to monitor and manage an liquid at a remote location.Furthermore, it's propose a service model that can be freely managed from a remote location based on the app on android. In this paper, we present a communication protocol of the bridge modules and a liquefier of intelligent control system based ZigBee and MCU(Micro Controller Unit). Through the development of smart app based android mobile services in an integrated management system, it's represent for liquefier to a DB server for remote management(MS SQL 2012) and a web server (OS: Windows 2008).

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.2820-2827
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• 2015

HSMS communication system using low-cost micro controller units(MCUs) is an essential technique for online semiconductor equipment system developments. It is intended as an alternative to SEMI E4 (SECS-I) for applications where higher speed communication is needed and the facilitated hardware setup is convenient. In this paper, an HSMS communication system using low-cost MCUS is designed and implemented. Using a MCU with a low price but high-performance as a main board, a module which processes HSMS communication is designed, and a circuit is designed to process BCR independently with a microminiature MCU. To convert tag data which is recognized from BCR into data based on HSMS communication protocol, SECS-II message is designed. Lastly, an HSMS communication system is implemented based on these designs. A low-cost HSMS communication module developed in this study can be applied in realtime monitoring and controlling system for semiconductor processes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.12A
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• pp.964-974
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• 2003

With increasing use of a personal mobile computer. the Mobile IPv6 is one of the main protocols that support mobility and complies with IPv6 specification. Similar to the mobile IPv6, the mobile IPv6 also has limitations on fast moving condition. The Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 is a solution that overcomes these limitations. The Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 is a micro mobility protocol that supports fast mobile IP handover and reduces signaling overhead with Mobility Anchor Point(MAP). But until now no paging method is applied to the Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 to reduce unnecessary signaling overhead and power consumption of mobile nodes. So, the paging mechanism for the Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 is proposed in this paper. the mechanism is implemented by making use of the destination option header and extension function and the last location algorithm. The results show that the Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 with the paging ability reduces the traffic of mobile networks by removing unnecessary binding update packet generated whenever handover takes place. Also, the larger the paging size is. the less the number of BU(Binding Update) massage generated.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.2709-2734
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• 2020

The growing demand to make wireless data services 5G compatible has necessitated the development of an energy-efficient approach for an effective new wireless environment. In this paper, we first propose a cognitive sensor node (CSN) based game theory for deriving energy via a primary user-transmitted radio frequency signal. Cognitive users' time was segmented into three phases based on a time switching protocol: energy harvest, spectrum sensing and data transmission. The proposed model chooses the optimal energy-harvesting phase as the effected factor. We further propose a distributed energy-harvesting model as a utility function via pricing techniques. The model is a non-cooperative game where players can increase their net benefit in a selfish manner. Here, the price is described as a function pertaining to transmit power, which proves that the proposed energy harvest game includes Nash Equilibrium and is also unique. The best response algorithm is used to achieve the green connection between players. As a result, the results obtained from the proposed model and algorithm show the advantages as well as the effectiveness of the proposed study. Moreover, energy consumption was reduced significantly (12%) compared to the benchmark algorithm because the proposed algorithm succeeded in delivering energy in micro which is much better compared to previous studies. Considering the reduction and improvement in power consumption, we could say the proposed model is suitable for the next wireless environment represented in 5G.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 2010

Recently, various industrial embedded systems including vehicles controlled electronically are evolving to distributed multi-micro controller system. Accordingly, there is a need for standard CAN(Controller Area Network) protocol that ensures high stability and reliability of communication and is simple to construct object-oriented system with high control efficiency. CAN communication interface used general-purpose processor doesn't have many limitations in various application development because of fixed hardware architecture. This paper design and implement a CAN communication interface system based on FPGA. It is verified function and performance of system through monitoring communication with existing AT90CAN128 controller. Implemented CAN communication interface can be reused in development of application systems based on FPGA. And it provides low-cost, small-size and low-power design advantages.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.8D no.3
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• pp.265-272
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• 2001

In case of implementing a complicated application like WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) in a mobile terminal with the characteristics of bare machine and versatile kernel aspects of which are control, interrupt and IPC(Inter Process Communication), a special methodology should be needed. If not, it will cause more cost and human resources, even delayed product into launching for the time-to-market. This paper suggests AKL, (Abstract Kernel Layer) for the design and implementation of WAP on basis of multi-platform. AKL is running on the various kernel including REX, MS-DOS, MS-Window, UNIX and LINUX. For the purpose of it, AKL makes machine-dependant features be minimized and supports a consistent interface on API (Application Program Interface) point of view. Therefore, it makes poring times of a device be shorten and makes easy of maintenance. We validated our suggestion as a consequent of porting WAP into PlamV PDA and mobile phone with AKL.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.981-985
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• 2006

Wibro is stand for Wireless Broadband Internet called as Portable Internet, Wireless Broadband Internet or Wireless High-Speed Internet. This provides hish-speed internet service anytime, anywhere, from anyone and device with seamless mobility and the band is located between Mobile phone and wireless LAN. Wibro service should support handover to maintain connection continuously in movement because the service is based on If system which is different from cellular system. Current Mitre Mobility system and general Mobile If system has got a problem of delayed speed and lost packets during handover. IETF protocol has been proposed for minimizing this problem and its standardization is under process, mainly focused on Mip4, Mip6 and Mipshop WG. This article studies and analyzes an effective method of minimizing handover delay to improve the problem of WiBro system and its revitalization & outlook.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1353-1358
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• 2021

IoT (Internet of Things) emerges from various technologies such as communications, micro processors and embedded system and so on. The IoT has also been used to UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) system. In manned aircraft, a pilot and co-pilot should control FCS (Flight Control System) with FBW(Fly By Wire) system for flight operation. In contrast, the flight operation in UAV system is remotely and fully managed by GCS (Ground Control System) almost in real time. To make it possible the communication channel should be necessary between the UAV and the GCS. There are many protocols between two systems. Amongst them, MAVLink (Macro Air Vehicle Link) protocol is representatively used due to its open architecture. MAVLink does not define any securities itself, which results in high vulnerability from external attacks. This paper proposes the method to enhance data security in GCS network by applying cryptographic methods to the MAVLink messages in order to support safe UAV operations.