• Computers and Concrete
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.165-176
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• 2005

This paper discusses 2D lattice models of beams for simulating the fracture of brittle materials. A simulation of an experiment on a concrete beam subjected to bending, in which two overlapping cracks occur, is used to study the effect of individual beam characteristics and different arrangements of the beams in the overall lattice. It was found that any regular orientation of the beams influences the resulting crack patterns. Methods to implement a wide range of Poisson's ratios are also developed, and the use of the lattice to study arbitrary micro-structures is outlined. The crack patterns that are obtained with lattice are in good agreement with the experimental results. Also, numerical simulations of the tests were performed by means of a lattice model, and non-integer dimensions were measured on the predicted lattice damage patterns.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.391-394
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• 2006

In this paper, the thermal lattice Boltzmann method(TLBM) proposed by Guo et al.(2002) is applied to analyze the forced convective flow and heat transfer of 2-D micro channel. Nonequilibrium extrapolation boundary condition is adopted to simulate the velocity and temperature behavior at wall boundaries. Numerical results obtained by the present study give a good prediction of the micro fluidic characteristics with thermal effects.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.2495-2500
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• 2008

We simulated the mixing characteristics in micro T-channel using Lattice Boltzmann Method. We studied the relation a mixing length and pressure-drop due to inlet and outlet ration in Reynolds number 0.5, Peclet number 500 and Schmidt 1000. The ratio of a down-inlet to up-inlet was $0.5{\sim}1.5$ times, up-inlet to outlet was $1{\sim}3$ times and outlet length was 250 times to up-inlet. The mixing length decrease linearly as outlet ratio decreased, and pressure-drip increase non-linearly. Initial stage of micro channel mixture was fast by down-inlet ratio, however, the mixing length is not influence.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.378.1-378.1
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• 2014

In this study, we investigated that the resistance switching characteristics of Nb-doped HfO2 films with increasing Nb doping concentration. The Nb-doped HfO2 based ReRAM devices with a TiN/Nb-doped HfO2/Pt/Ti/SiO2 were fabricated on Si substrates. The Nb-doped HfO2 films were deposited by reactive dc magnetron co-sputtering at $300^{\circ}C$ and oxygen partial ratio of 60% (Ar: 16sccm, O2: 24sccm). Microstructure of Nb-doped HfO2 films and atomic concentration were investigated by XRD, TEM, and XPS, respectively. The Nb-doped HfO2 films showed set/reset resistance switching behavior at various Nb doping concentrations. The process voltage of forming/set is decreased and whereas the initial current level is increased in doped HfO2 films. However, the switching properties of Nb-doped HfO2 were changed above the specific doping concentration of Nb. The change of resistance switching behavior depending on doping concentration was discussed in terms of concentration of non-lattice oxygen and micro-structure of Nb-doped HfO2.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.463-469
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• 2004

This paper discusses 2D lattice models of beams for simulating the fracture of brittle materials. A simulation of an experiment on a connote beam subjected to bending, in which two overlapping cracks occur, is used to study the effect of individual beam characteristics and different arrangements of the beams in the overall lattice. It was found that my regular orientation of the beams influences the resulting crack patterns. Methods to implement a wide range of poisson's ratios are also developed, the use of the lattice to study arbitrary micro-structures is outlined The crack pattern that n obtained with lattice m in good agreement with the experimental results. Also, numerical simulations of the tests were performed by means of a lattice model, and non-integer dimensions were measured on the predicted lattice damage patterns.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

The typical truss-lattice material successively packed by repeated cubic symmetric unit cells consists of sub-elements (SE) proposed in this study. The representative continuum model for this truss-lattice material such as the effective strain and stress relationship can be formulated by the homogenization procedure based on the notation of averaged mechanical properties. The volume fractions of micro-scale struts have a significant influence on the effective strength as well as the relative density in the lattice plate with replicable unit cell structures. Most of the strength contribution in the lattice material is induced by axial stiffness under uniform stretching or compression responses. Therefore, continuum based constitutive models composed of homogenized member stiffness include these mechanical characteristics with respect to strength, internal stress state, material density based on the volume fraction and even failure modes. It can be also recognized that the stress state of micro-scale struts is directly associated with the continuum constitutive model. The plastic flow at the micro-scale stress can extend the envelope of the analytical stress function on the surface of macro-scale stress derived from homogenized constitutive equations. The main focus of this study is to investigate the basic topology of unit cell structures with the cubic symmetric system and to formulate the plastic models to predict pressure dependent macro-scale stress surface functions.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.529-543
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• 2022

The lattice-spring-based synthetic rock mass model (LS-SRM) technique has been extensively employed in large open-pit mining and underground projects in the last decade. Since the LS-SRM requires a complex and time-consuming calibration process, a robust approach was developed using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to optimize the calibration procedure. For this purpose, numerical models were designed using the Box-Behnken Design technique, and numerical simulations were performed under uniaxial and triaxial stress states. The model input parameters represented the models' micro-mechanical (lattice) properties and the macro-scale properties, including uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), elastic modulus, cohesion, and friction angle constitute the output parameters of the model. The results from RSM models indicate that the lattice UCS and lattice friction angle are the most influential parameters on the macro-scale UCS of the specimen. Moreover, lattice UCS and elastic modulus mainly control macro-scale cohesion. Lattice friction angle (flat joint fiction angle) and lattice elastic modulus affect the macro-scale friction angle. Model validation was performed using physical laboratory experiment results, ranging from weak to hard rock. The results indicated that the RSM model could be employed to calibrate LS-SRM numerical models without a trial-and-error process.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.44.2-44.2
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.51.2-51.2
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• 2005

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.30 no.2 s.245
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• pp.144-152
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• 2006

In order to consider the effect of Karman vortex for mixing, mixing indices are calculated for 4 models of micro channel flows driven from the combinations of a circular cylinder and a oscillating stirrer. And their results are compared to that of a simple straight micro channel flow(model I). The mixing rate is improved 5.5 times by Karman vortex (model II) and 11.0 times by the stirrer(model III) respectively. In case of successive mixing by the cylinder and the stirrer(model IV), $27\%$ of shortening the channel length for the complete mixing as well as 1.37 times improvement of mixing efficiency then model III. And then, variation of mixing indices are much stable comparing with the others. Thus, it is found that the Karman vortex plays a good role as a pre-mixing method. The D2Q9 Lattice Boltzmann methods are used.