• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2011

The quality inspections items such as loss on drying, total ash, and acid-insoluble ash contents in herbal medicines, have a correlation with external sources of pollution, but are not themselves hazardous factors. Z-scores for standard normal distribution were used to investigate herbal medicines requiring quality control, which exceeds the regulatory limits of quality inspection. In total, 7,773 samples were analyzed based on plant parts. For the loss on drying, the numbers of items of herbal medicines requiring quality control are like these; 15 items for above-ground parts and 5 items for underground parts. For the total ash, 21 items for above-ground parts and 4 items for underground parts. For the acid-insoluble ash, 8 items for above-ground parts and 1 item for underground parts.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.32 no.4 s.91
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• pp.262-267
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• 2006

DBPs and T&O(taste-and-odor) compounds in drinking water is one of main source to deteriorate water quality. So, these compounds can cause adverse health effects and result in many consumer complaints aesthetically. This experiments carried out to investigate the effect of boiling water on DBPs and T&O compounds in the tap water. THMs and TCM concentration were reduced by 91.3%, 88.9% after 5 min of boiling, respectively. It is certainly, resulted from volatilization of TCM. TCAA concentration decreased when the water was boiled, too. By contrast, the concentration of DCAA was increased with duration time from boiling-point. The reduction of TCAA from the boiled water can be attributed to chemical transformation like decarboxylation. T&O compounds such as geosmin and 2-MIB was effectively removed by boiling of water, resulting in the removal efficiency of 97.1%, 94.4% after 5 min of boiling, respectively.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.166-173
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• 2006

Silymarin is an antihepatotoxic substance isolated from the fruits of silybum mariamum. Possibly due to their antioxidant and membrane stabilizing properties, the compounds was shown to protect various organs and cells against a number of insults (Kvasnicka et al., 2003). Among the main silymarin components, [silybin($SB_A,\;SB_B$, isosilybin ($ISB_A,\;ISB_B$) silydianin (SD) and silychristin (SC)], silybin is the major pharmacologically active compound. Korean Pharmaceutical Codex (2nd ed.) describes silybin as the main substance of Cardus Marianus extract as supportive treatment of chronic inflammatory liver disorders. The aim of this work was to analyze silybin from various preparations containing cardus marianus extract, nicotinamide, and riboflavin (CNR). Nine commercial products were tested using reversed-phase HPLC-PDA assay. The limits of detection and quantification were $0.2\;{mu}g/ml$ and $1\;{mu}g/ml$, respectively. Calibration curve showed a good linearity ($r^2$=1.00000) in the range of $1{\sim}500\;{\mu}g/ml$ of silybin standard solutions.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.32 no.3 s.126
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• pp.200-211
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• 2001

This study was carried out to determine the 11 organochlorine, 7 organophosphorus residual pesticides in 251 crude drugs. These residual pesticides in herbal drugs were extracted with acetonitrile and the extracts were cleaned up via LC-florisil solid phase extraction column. The prepared samples were assayed for pesticide residues using GC-ECD, NPD with capillary column and identified by GC-MSD. Recoveries were $63.9{\sim}111.5%$ in the organochlorine pesticides and $69.8{\sim}92.4%$ in the organophosphorus pesticides, and detection limits were $0.001{\sim}0.65\;ppm$ in the organochlorine pesticides and $0.0009{\sim}0.0074\;ppm$ in the organophosphorus pesticides. Pesticide residues were detected in 9 cases.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.179-184
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• 2019

Sparganosis is a parasitic infestation caused by sparganum, a plerocercoid tapeworm larva of the genus Spirometra. Since the first case of human sparganosis reported in 1908, sparganosis has been a global disease, and is common in China, Japan, and Southeast Asian countries. Consumption of raw snakes, frogs, fish, or drinking contaminated beverages are sources of human infections. Human sparganosis usually manifests in subcutaneous fat in areas such as the abdomen, genitourinary tract, and limbs. Breast sparganosis cases are rare, representing less than 2% of total cases of human infections. Complete surgical extraction of the sparganum is the treatment of choice. Because of the rarity of the disease, clinical suspicion is vital to reach the diagnosis of breast sparganosis. Here we report 2 rare cases of breast sparganosis presenting with a painless breast lump, both treated with surgical excision and sparganum extraction.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.35-38
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• 2022

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is often life-threatening in an immunocompromised patient due to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Several differential diagnoses could be possible only with preoperative brain images of cerebral toxoplasmosis which show multiple rim-enhancing lesions. Due to the rarity of cerebral toxoplasmosis cases in Korea, the diagnosis and treatment are often delayed. This paper concerns a male patient whose cerebral toxoplasmosis was activated 21 years post kidney transplantation. Brain open biopsy was decided to make an exact diagnosis. Cerebral toxoplasmosis was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and PCR analyses of the tissue samples. Although cerebral toxoplasmosis was under control with medication, the patient did not recover clinically and died due to sepsis and recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2017

To determine the contents of sodium and potassium in side dishes, 92 samples from 22 different kinds of side dishes that can be classified into 3 groups were collected in Seoul area and analysed using ICP-OES. The highest sodium content was detected in pepper doenjang muchim, while potassium content was the highest in kong jorim. When comparing the content of sodium and potassium in 3 groups, namely namul, muchim, and jorim, the sodium content of namul group was significantly different from those of jorim and muchim (p-value < 0.05). Sodium intake per serving size was the highest in parae muchim among the samples as estimated to 20.2% of WHO recommendation that is 2,000 mg/day. The amount of sodium by simultaneously intake of soybean sprouts namul, anchovy jorim and parae muchim per one serving size was estimated to 1,000 mg. The potassim/sodium ratios of spinach namul and kong jorim were 1.70 and 0.81, respectively, while that of bracken namul was very low as about 0.1. Food-borne pathogens were not detected out of 92 side dishes.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2012

Platform screen doors (PSD) installed at 289 stations in Seoul metropolitan subway from November 2005 to December 2009, are expected to prevent death from a fall and improve air quality. In this study, we systematically surveyed changes in radon concentrations before and after PSD installation in Seoul metropolitan subway stations. By solid-state nuclear track detectors (SSNTD), the radon concentrations before and after the PSD installation were measured at 54 stations of 6 lines from 2 to 7 reported to have relatively high radon concentrations. Mean radon concentrations at platforms were decreased by approximately 56% from 121.7 Bq/$m^3$ to 54.0 Bq/$m^3$. Before PSD installation, mean radon concentrations were in the decreasing order for subway lines 7, 5, 6, 3, 4 and 2. On the other hand, after PSD installation the order was changed to 5, 6, 7, 3, 4 and 2. According to a radon map of Seoul metropolitan subway, the number of platforms where radon concentration over was 74 Bq/$m^3$ decreased from 38 to 12 after PSD installation.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.258-266
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• 2012

There are some problems for the designation criteria of metropolitan railroad project such as the similarity between urban railroad and metropolitan railroad, and the discriminative government subsidy. In this paper, the revised designation criteria is suggested. The ratio of commuter trips over all trips should be over 5% and the radius from the CBD of the central city be below 50km for the range of metropolitan railroad. The journey speed of metropolitan railroad should be over 60km/h. The revised criteria suggested in this paper can prevent the waste of central government subsidy and raise the responsibility of the local government.