• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.103-123
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• 2021

This paper examines the impact of the regional cash subsidies which were granted in some districts in addition to the national universal stimulus payment in South Korea related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluate the effects of the cash distribution per resident on aggregate credit and debit card sales and sales by industry using the difference-in-difference method. The increment in card spending due to the cash subsidy is about 1.58%p in total, and this effect is concentrated within a single month. The consumption stimulating effect is prominent among (semi)-durable goods that do not require close interactions between customers and sellers. In contrast, the effect is relatively small in the high-contact face-to-face service sectors and restaurants, areas the COVID-19 pandemic hit directly. On the other hand, some service sectors where customers could wear face masks, such as education and fitness, experienced a substantial sales boost due to the cash subsidy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.572-575
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• 2008

In this paper we designed a Payment Service. This service is based on Parlay X Web Services. In the design process we described a functional entity and the information flow between entities. Also, we described a physical entity and the information flow between entities.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.639-641
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• 2012

금융 사기로 인한 피해로부터 카드 사용자의 금융 정보를 보호하기 위한 노력이 지속되고 있다. 금융 카드에 대한 보안은 IC 금융 카드의 사용 등의 방법으로 지속적으로 보완되고 향상되어 가고 있다. 이런 시점에 상대적으로 취약한 결재 시스템인 카드 단말기에 대한 보안에 또한 관심을 기울여야 하는 시점이다. 이런 의미로 카드 단말기에 대한 보안성 평가 스킴인 PCI PTS(Payment Card Industry Payment Transaction Security) 요구사항을 소개하고 카드 단말기의 필수적 키인 PEK(PIN Encryption Key)를 주입하는데 있어 PCIPTS 의 논리적 요구사항을 충족하는 방법을 제시한다.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-30
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• 1981

This is the Summary of a Korean Monograph Contributed in Celebration of the 70th Birth Day of Dr. SHIGETAKA MOHRI, Professor Emeritus of Hitotsubashi University, Japan.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.19
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• pp.129-143
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• 2006

The internet industry is gradually increasing according to the explosive explosion of internet and development of information communication industry. Specially, The payment method of settlement means is diversed with development of e-commerce. In this paper, we propose a settlement method using e-settlement in the network. and we suggest a security method for efficiency of e-money. Also, we propose a reform plan of e-settlement system.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.5-46
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• 1989

The current medical payment Insurance Rates in Korea stipulate charges for medical treatment by the doctor, pharmaceutist, medical technician and maternity nurse. But unfortunately didn't specify those charges for nursing done by the professional nurse. Only basic nursing fee is accounted insufficiently in current medical insurance fee schedule. therefore, Being face with covering entire people by medical insurance by 1991, It seems that the problems pertaining to operating the hospital and medical insurance system would be incessantly expanded in that no mention is made of medical charges rendered by major medical producer service in the current system, For that reason, this study made an attempt to clarify the importance the professional nursing puts of the current medical payment. The purpose of this study was to accounting nursing fee which diveded into the current medical fee schedule. (Method) 1. Data collection; Importance and difficulties in nursing activities was conducted in 'S' National University Hospital. Total nursing activities were selected 72 items which included direct care and indirect care. This study was conducted to evaluating the degree of importance and difficulties according to nursing activities through questionnaire to 204 RN. and so relative difficulties (acuity) were computered because the nursing cost level of each nursing service was differently established by the equivalent coefficient according to degree of relative difficulty and time required. 2. Calculation of cost according to nursing activities; After 47 nursing activities were selected in General surgery nursing units, calculation of nursing cost was as follows Cost of Nursing activity = (relative difficulty X Average hourly wage and benefits of nurse) + material cost of nursing -t- Average nursing administration cost So, Calculated cost by nursing activities was compared to current non-insured and insurance rate. 3. Calculation of nursing cost by K - DRG ; Total of 578 patients who were hospitalized in General Surgery units from January to March 1988 ware classified by K - DRG After estimation of total nursing cost based on the K-DRG, verified the appropriateness of basic nursing fee in medical insurance rate (Results) 1. Analysis of degree of importance and difficulties were 4.16 and 3.67 based on 5 point scale. This score were judged that it is worthy specifying the nursing fee 2. The nursing cost of 47 nursing service items in general surgery patients showed that the average cost of nursing activity was \1374.5 and The lowest cost was \217 of 'oral administration nursing' item, The highest cost was \11,025 of 'saline enematill clear' item 3. The result of comparison between the calculated cost by nursing activities against the current non-insured and insurance rate showed that 13 items(27.7%) involved to payment of insurance rate, 9 items(19.1%) involved to non-insured rate, remainder 25 items (53.2%) were not charged anywhere of total 47 nursing activities 4. When calculated cost by nursing activities was 100. current insurance rate was 62.3, non-insured rate was 176.6. Therefore this showed that most of non-insured rate were higher than calculated nursing cost. The insurance rate, however, were lower than it. Reim-bursement was imputed to non-insured patients. So the current rate system became estrainged from cost system. When Remainder 25 items of nursing activities compared' to \1390 of daily basic nursing fee per patient belonged to payment as a insurance fee schedule, basic nursing fee schedule was 1-2% of calculated cost of nursing activities. Therefore it showed that nursing fee was not counted adequately in it. 5. Nursing cost by K-DRG estimated in chart review based on counting number of nursing activities and length of stay The result showed that average amount of total nursing cost was \183828.1 Comparison of nursing cost calculated by K- DRG and basic nursing fee schedule showed that only 12.3% of nursing cost was charged (Conclusion) From the above research result, It is fact that nursing prime cost should be estimated more accurately and included adequately in current medical payment system. The payment system of nursing activities should be introduced not only nursing activities of drug administration and injection fee belonged to insurance fee schedule but also most nursing activities belonged not to mekical fee schedule. Even if introducing payment system of nursing activities, It should be estimated scientific method of Accounting nursing cost So nurses could offer nursing care of good quality, thereby they could make a great contribution not merely to the convalescence of the patient but to the promotion of the people's health.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

This research focuses on the system design of a service method for a customized electronic card on the internet. It develops the system which covers from the input stage of the credit information including a credit card number, a debit card number, and a bank account number, through the process of decision for issuing the customized electronic card and for the payment of business transaction, to the payment stage. Users are allowed to make their own customized card depending on their situations by choosing a limit of balance, a number of usage, expiration date, recharge, and, anonymity of electronic card on the internet. These characteristics enhances convenience and security of card users. In addition, user's financial damage can be minimized when a credit card is lost by any reason.

• Journal of Digital Policy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

In China, commercial banks have launched mobile banking one after another, and the homogeneous products make the competition of mobile banking extremely fierce. Mobile banking monthly active users (MAU) is an important indicator to evaluate the operation results of mobile banking. How to improve mobile banking monthly active users is a problem faced by commercial banks. The purpose of this study is to explore strategies to increase monthly active customers of mobile banking with the help of vending machines. This research is carried out through the literature method and case method. The research results show that the use of vending machines can not only effectively increase the monthly active customers of mobile banking, but also realize the differentiation strategy to occupy the mobile banking terminal market. At the same time, this study is helpful and instructive for commercial banks to develop their business.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1-20
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• 2020

Purpose - This paper shows an unexplored area related to involuntary delisting. Specifically, this research investigates the effect of target firm information asymmetry on the likelihood that the acquirer or newly merged firm will be forcibly delisted post-merger. Design/methodology/approach - The research uses a sample gathered on local US mergers and acquisitions from the Thomson Reuters Securities Data Company (SDC) Platinum Mergers and Acquisitions database. It applies the logistic regression with industry and year effects and corrects the error term using clustering at the industry level. The research also matches the forced delisted firms to control firms based on industry, acquisition completion year, and firm size and then employs a matched sample analysis. Findings - Findings show that M&As between firms where the target firm is opaque and burdened with high information asymmetry issues are likely to be paid for using majority stock and that M&As involving such opaque targets also have a higher likelihood of getting delisted post-merger. Research implications or Originality - Our results are relevant given the very nature of M&As which involve two players: the acquirer and target who both may have different incentives. Acquirers especially have the tendency to suffer losses and even get delisted if they over-pay for or get merged to a poor target which conceals its poor performance evidenced by higher accruals quality.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.16-36
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• 2005

Due to the existence of asymmetry of information between doctor and patient, it has been believed that doctor might affect patient's decision making process of purchasing medical care. Based on this notion, doctor's reimbursement method has been suggested as an effective policy device of improving efficiency of patient's medical care use by way of its affecting doctor's practice pattern. By using the Community Tracking Study (CTS) household and physician data set, which includes not only various information on patient's medical care use, but doctor's practice arrangements and sources of practice revenue, this paper investigates the effect of community doctor's characteristics of reimbursement method on community patient's medical care use under the control of patient's socio-demographic characteristics and community doctor's practice type. In the process of estimating econometric model, the endogeneity problem of individual health insurance purchase was corrected by using 2818. And due to the existence of sample selection problem, Heckman's two-step estimation method was used for strengthen the robustness of estimation which was adversely affected by sample selection problem The empirical results show that as the average value of community doctor's portion of practice revenue determined by prospective method out of total revenue increases, the community patient's total out-of-pocket medical cost decreases. This results suggest, as doctor's practice revenues are mainly determined by prospective method, such as capitation, doctors would be more conscious about practice cost, which might affect doctor's practice pattern and by which his/her patient's use of medical care would decrease.