• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2013

Background A thinned anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is often harvested to achieve optimal skin resurfacing. Several techniques have been described to thin an ALT flap including an adipocutaneous flap, an adipofascial flap and delayed debulking. Methods By systematically reviewing all of the available literature in English and French, the present manuscript attempts to identify the common surgical indications, complications and donor site morbidity of the adipofascial variant of the ALT flap. The studies were identified by performing a systematic search on Medline, Ovid, EMBASE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Current Contents, PubMed, Google, and Google Scholar. Results The study selection process was adapted from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, and 15 articles were identified using the study inclusion criteria. These articles were then reviewed for author name(s), year of publication, flap dimensions and thickness following defatting, perforator type, type of transfer, complications, thinning technique, number of cases with a particular area of application and donor site morbidity. Conclusions The adipofascial variant of the ALT flap provides tissue to fill large defects and improve pliability. Its strong and safe blood supply permits adequate immediate or delayed debulking without vascular complications. The presence of the deep fascia makes it possible to prevent sagging by suspending and fixing the flap for functional reconstructive purposes (e.g., the intraoral cavity). Donor site morbidity is minimal, and thigh deformities can be reduced through immediate direct closure or liposuction and direct closure. A safe blood supply was confirmed by the rate of secondary flap debulking.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.6423-6427
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• 2012

Background: Functional single nucleotide polymorphisms of x-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1) have been suspected to contribute to uterine cervical cancer risk for a long time; however, most previous case-control studies were small sized and biased. Additionally, recent studies suggested that XRCC1 polymorphisms could be a biomarker of response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted to retrieve eligible studies and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to measure association strength. Results: A total of 13 studies were identified and analyzed. We found that the Arg194Trp polymorphism (Trp vs. Arg, OR=1.342, 95% CI: 1.176) was associated with increased risk of cervical cancer, while no significant association was found with Arg280His (His vs. Arg, OR=1.059, 95% CI: 0.863, 1.299) or Arg399Gln (Gln vs. Arg, OR=1.144, 95% CI: 0.938, 1.394). As for response to platinum-based chemotherapy, the variant XRCC1 399Gln allele (Gln vs. Arg, OR=0.345, 95% CI: 0.163, 0.729) was linked with a poor response; however, the Arg194Trp polymorphism (TrpArg vs. ArgArg, OR=6.421, 95% CI: 1.573, 26.205) predicted a good response. Conclusion: The Arg194Trp polymorphism of XRCC1 increases risk of cervical cancer; the variant 399Gln allele predicts poor response to platinum-based chemotherapy, while the Arg194Trp polymorphism indicates a good response.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.756-776
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• 2016

The concern over beauty is increasing as the importance of appearance is becoming more prominent. Accordingly, the importance of studying beauty is now apparent. The purpose of this study is to analyze existing beauty-related research in order to assess current trends in beauty-related studies. Materials were collected from the master's theses and academic journals from 1997 through 2016. In addition, 81 beauty-related papers were selected and classified into 3 categories according to their subjects and content. There were 19 hair attitude papers, 52 papers about make-up and skincare, and 10 papers on cosmetic surgery. Each type was divided into detailed themes according to the study theme and its number was grasped. Consequently it was classified into 9 themes about the attitude toward hair and the relevant variable study, 10 themes about the attitude toward hair style and relevant variable study, 24 themes about the make-up attitude and relevant variable study, 28 themes about the skin care attitude and relevant variable study, and 10 themes about the cosmetic surgery attitude and relevant variable study. The results revealed that academic concern about beauty sharply increased starting in 2005. Moreover, we determined that the methodologies used in hair and make-up studies were sound and detailed, while cosmetic surgery studies were more inconsistent and poorly analyzed. Thus cosmetic surgery should be further researched in a more standardized and thorough manner. This review of attitudes toward beauty will serve as a basis for follow-up studies that employ meta-analyses to draw more quantitative conclusions by aggregating many more study results.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1015-1021
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• 2014

This study aimed at summarizing published study findings on the diagnostic value of rectal bleeding (RB) and informing clinical practice, preventive interventions and future research areas. We searched Medline and Embase for studies published by September 13, 2013 examining the risk of colorectal cancer in patients with RB using highly inclusive algorithms. Data for sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and positive predictive value (PPV) of RB were extracted by two researchers and analyzed applying Meta-Disc (version 1.4) and Stata (version 11.0). Methodological quality of studies was assessed according to QUADAS. A total of 38 studies containing 5,626 colorectal cancer patients and 73,174 participants with RB were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.47 (95% CI: 0.45-0.48) and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.96-0.96) respectively. The overall PPVs ranged from 0.01 to 0.21 with a pooled value of 0.06 (95% CI: 0.05-0.08). Being over the age of 60 years, change in bowel habit, weight loss, anaemia, colorectal cancer among first-degree relatives and feeling of incomplete evacuation of rectum appeared to increase the predictive value of RB. Although RB greatly increases the probability of diagnosing colorectal cancer, it alone may not be sufficient for proposing further sophisticated investigations. However, given the high specificity, subjects without RB may be ruled out of further investigations. Future studies should focus on strategies using RB as an "alarm" symptom and finding additional indications to justify whether there is a need for further investigations.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.704-714
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether psychological distress is an independent risk factor for recurrent cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A prospective cohort of studies that measured psychological distress and the incidence of recurrent cardiac events in the adult population were included. Three computerized databases were assessed (PubMed, CINAHL, and PSYCINFO). Meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model to determine summary estimates of risks of major recurrent cardiac events associated with each psychological distress. Of 506 publications identified, 33 met inclusion criteria, and 24 studies were used to estimate effect size of psychological distress on recurrent cardiac events. Results: Mean number in the research sample was 736 and mean time of follow-up was 4.0 years. Depression, anxiety, anger, and hostility as psychological factors were studied. According to estimation of effect size using random model effect, depression (OR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.22-1.57), anxiety (OR=1.22, 95% CI: 0.96-1.56), and anger/hostility (OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.07-1.57) CAD patients in significantly increased risk for recurrent cardiac events. Conclusion: Finding suggests that psychological distress in forms of depression, anxiety, anger, and hostility impact unfavorably on recurrent cardiac events in CAD patients.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.505-517
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• 2011

햅틱 감각은 인간 오감의 하나로 인지적 발달과 일상적 생활에 영향을 주는 필수적인 감각이다. 최근 햅틱 테크놀로지에 대한 논의와 연구가 활발해지기 시작하였는데, 본 논문에서는 햅틱의 의미와 학습에 있어서의 중요성을 살펴보고, 이를 교육에 활용한 콘텐츠의 사례를 연구한 후, 햅틱 테크놀로지를 장애아동의 교육에 활용할 수 있는 방법을 논하였다. 그 방법으로, 국 내외 데이터베이스를 검색하여 햅틱을 교육에 활용한 논문만을 선정하여 이를 메타분석적 방법으로 분석하였다. 햅틱 테크놀로지를 이용한 몇 안되는 연구는 일반학생의 과학과 수학 학습에 집중되어 있었으나, 햅틱 테크놀로지는 감각적, 학습적, 인지적 장애를 포함한 다양한 장애와 특성을 가진 아동의 교육에 유용한 도구가 될 수 있으며, 과학, 수학 뿐아니라 음악, 미술, 역사 등 교과의 여러 분야에 걸쳐 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.512-520
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• 2016

유방암은 여성에서 가장 흔한 악성종양이며, 림프부종은 가장 흔한 유방암수술 후 합병증 가운데 하나이다. 따라서 림프부종과 같은 치료 후유증의 위험도 감소와 적절한 관리는 유방암 생존 환자와 의사에게 있어서 그 중요성이 점차 커지고 있다. 이러한 림프부종의 발생을 예방하기 위하여 흔히 운동이 처방된다. 그러나 그러한 운동의 시기와 효과에 대해서는 각각 상반된 결과들이 보고되어 왔다. 저자들은 림프부종에 대한 운동 효과를 점검하여 환자 치료에 최선의 근거를 도입하기 위해 최신문헌과 상호 심사된 출판물, 전문 기구의 웹사이트를 체계적으로 고찰하여 림프부종의 예방이나 치료를 위해 시행되는 운동의 효과를 검토하였고, 그 결과 이미 림프부종이 발생해 있는 환자들에서는 임상적인 부종진행의 차이점에 유의성이 없었지만, 발생 전 환자들에서는 운동 혹은 훈련이 이차성 림프부종의 발생을 감소시키고 진행을 변경시키는 양상을 볼 수 있었다. 암치료의 발전, 암과 운동 연구, 림프부종의 관리를 위해서는 현재까지 도출된 근거들에 대한 고찰과 이해가 있어야 임상의사들이 적절한 환자 교육과 전문가의뢰를 시행할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.89-105
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• 2010

Research methodology on Traditional Medicine in East Asia refers to logical thinking system, empirical positivism system and methodology of developing these knowledge systems. Logical thinking system of abstract concepts such as analogy or abduction and positivism system of reasonable explanation such as the five elements and their characteristic theory have been used in various ways empirically or in the form of humanities and knowledge system was developed through parallel structure of empirical positivism and exegetical studies. After the 16th century, evidence was required along with the tradition of putting emphasis on rationality, logicality and empirical positivism and characteristics of medical humanities can be found in emphasizing on medical ethics. Data that can be considered as structural review paper or meta analysis from original data of research on Traditional East Asian Medicine should be evaluated as historical evidence which is equivalent to specialist opinion, descriptive disease research, single case report or case series. Historical evidence based medicine is a research method using Historical evidence to selectively support data that are faithful to traditional theory with higher possibility to be used in future traditional east Asian medicine that links between traditional knowledge and scientific research methodology. Moreover, historical evidence based medicine tries to re-evaluate the value of traditional knowledge and ultimately, guides the direction of development of traditional medicine through scientific rationality based on history and culture.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.407-430
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• 2007

수학적 지식의 개인화/배경화, 탈개인화/탈배경화의 과정이 간과되거나 지나치게 강조됨으로써 발생하는 극단적 교수 현상은 항상 우리의 교수 실제에 내재하고 있으며, 사실 교사들을 심리적으로나 교수학적으로 압박하는 현상이라 볼 수 있다. 그러나 학생들이 수학 수업에서 보이는 오류나 오개념, 장애등에 관한 문제는 많은 연구가 이루어져 있지만 교사에 의해 나타나는 극단적 교수 현상에 대한 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다고 해도 과언은 아니다. 이에 본 연구에서는 네 가지 극단적 교수 현상에 대해 설명하고, 여러 가지 사례연구에서 다양한 예문들을 제시한 후 분석하는 방법으로 이들 극단적 교수 현상에 대한 이해를 도울 것이다. 또한 이러한 분석을 토대로 수학교실에서 나타나는 극단적 교수현상을 극복할 수 있는 방법에 대해서도 논의 할 것이다. 이 연구 논문은 교사들이 자기 자신의 수업을 반성하게 함으로써 극단적으로 진행되는 교수학적 현상의 기준이 될 것이고, 나아가 보다 나은 교수학적 상황을 고려하기 위한 자료를 제공할 것이다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.247-270
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• 2020

통계적 생명가치는 환경정책의 편익 산정에 있어 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 예를 들어 대기오염물질의 감소에 따른 건강 편익의 최종적인 화폐가치화 단위로 활용되며 이는 비용편익 분석의 기초가 된다. 통계적 생명가치는 사망위험 감소를 위해 사회의 구성원이 지불하고자 하는 화폐적 가치로 정의될 수 있다 따라서 통계적 생명가치는 각 사회를 구성하고 있는 구성원의 특성에 따라 결정된다. 본 연구는 웹 설문조사를 통해 수집된 총 3,081명의 응답자를 질문의 형태에 따라 두 개의 표본으로 분리하여 선택실험법을 적용하였다. 추정결과 총 1,528명의 표본 집단의 자료를 통해 도출된 약 13억 원의 통계적 생명가치가 가장 적절한 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 국내 선행연구를 활용한 메타분석의 결과와 유사하다. 또한 응답자들은 사망위험을 감소시키기 위해 정부의 정책비용에 대한 지불보다는 개인 차원의 예방에 비용을 지불하는 것을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다.