• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.479-498
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to examine effect sizes of leadership styles of nursing managers on turnover intention of hospital nurses. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines. Participants were nurses working in hospitals. The intervention involved nursing managers' leadership styles; the outcome assessed was nurses' turnover intention. This was an observational study design. Eleven databases were searched to obtain articles published in Korean or English. Of the 14,428 articles reviewed, 21 were included in systematic review and meta-analysis. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis and R software programs were used. Results: The total effect size r (ESr) was - 0.25 (95% confidence interval: - 0.29 to - 0.20). Effect sizes of each leadership style on turnover intention were as follows: ethical leadership (ESr = - 0.34), transformational leadership (ESr = - 0.28), authentic leadership (ESr = - 0.23), transactional leadership (ESr = - 0.21), and passive avoidant leadership (ESr = 0.13). Ethical leadership was the most effective style in decreasing turnover intention of hospital nurses. Conclusion: Positive leadership styles of nurse managers effectively decrease turnover intention of hospital nurses, and negative leadership styles of nurse managers effectively increase turnover intention of hospital nurses. The ethical leadership style is the most effective in decreasing turnover intention of hospital nurses; however, it requires careful interpretation as its effects are reported by only two studies. This study contributes to addressing the high turnover rate of hospital nurses and developing positive leadership styles of nurse managers in hospital settings.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.237-251
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• 2011

There have been a number of studies on ports and they have made great contributions to the development of ports. However, there have been no research that classified and organized the results comprehensively. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the results of studies related to Korean port economics. For the purpose, we carried out a meta-analysis targeting 659 articles published in Journal of Korea Port Economic Association from 1991 to 2010. For the meta-analysis on themes of port economics and methods, the study presented a total of three items to be analysed: First, we analysed characteristics of researchers, discussed themes and identified contents by analysing research methods used for the studies. As a result, port economics have shown great growth in volume and recently, more attentions have been paid to ports along with increase of researchers, and themes and methods of research have been sub-categorized and diversified. Therefore, based on the results of the study, comparative studies should be added.

• BLOOD RESEARCH
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.269-275
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• 2018

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is defined as the dilation of a segment of a coronary vessel to at least 1.5 times the diameter of its normal adjacent segment. Mean platelet volume (MPV) plays a role in acute coronary syndromes, with high MPV correlating to poor prognosis for acute thrombotic events and CAE. Several studies investigated the relationship between MPV and CAE, resulting in conflicting results. These results led us to systematically review all studies investigating the relationship between MPV and ectatic heart diseases by performing a meta-analysis study in order to report a unified result. This meta-analysis study investigated all case-control articles examining the relationship between MPV and CAE. All studies in the following databases published until January 31, 2018, were investigated: Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Following a quality control evaluation, 14 articles, all of which were published following studies performed in Turkey from 2007 to 2016, met the criteria for study inclusion. After pooling the results from all of the articles, a total standardized mean difference (SMD) value of 0.584 (95% CI, 0.219, 0.95) was obtained using the D+L pooled SMD, indicating a significant difference (P=0.002) between the two groups, with higher MPV values in ectatic patients when comparing to healthy individuals. Therefore, increased MPV levels were significantly related to CAE, suggesting that platelets, with their inflammatory and thrombotic activities, play a role in this disease. Therefore, anti-platelet and anti-inflammatory therapies may be effective in treating CAE.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.71-86
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• 2014

This study investigated knowledge browsing behavior as the factor affecting the increase of knowledge sharing intention. To conduct this study in the specific context of knowledge seeking and sharing behavior of virtual community members, literature on knowledge seeking behavior, meta-knowledge, and knowledge sharing intention was reviewed. Structural Equation Modeling was conducted to analyze survey data to test the research model of this study. The result showed that knowledge browsing have positive effects on creating of virtual community members' subject knowledge and meta-knowledge, which, in turn, affected positively their knowledge sharing intention. One of the main contributions of this study is that knowledge seeking behavior influence one's knowledge sharing intention in a virtual community. Organization managers should consider knowledge seeking behavior as not only a self-interested, consuming activity, but also a productive one through its function of constructing subject knowledge and meta-knowledge.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1757-1762
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• 2011

Aflatoxins are natural contaminants of poultry feeds and feed ingredients and cause liver damage, immunosuppression, reduction in performance and mortality in broilers. A number of studies have been carried out to study the effects of aflatoxin on feed conversion ratio in broilers. The results on feed conversion ratio of 10 research articles in broilers fed with aflatoxin from first day of age to six weeks of age were compiled and were subjected to meta-analysis. Chi-square test and $Tau^2$ (heterogeneity co-efficient) were applied to test for significance of heterogeneity of studies. To integrate results, fixed effect model by Inverse Variance method (IV method) was used when heterogeneity was insignificant and otherwise random effect model by DerSimonian and Laird Method (DL method) was used. The results of meta-analysis showed that the adverse effect of aflatoxin on feed conversion ratio at the end of first week was negligible, second week was medium and third to six weeks was very large.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.47-56
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• 2020

The overall aim of this research was to explore Open-world game through the notion of Paidia and Ludus that proposed by Frasca. As a structured simulation system, the Open World overlap Non-linear events and Linear quests via geographic world. Building own sequence of explore the world with Paidia process, Player collides with the pre-scripted quest. In result of that Meta-Simulator emerge as alternative tool for modeling Meta-Simulation, which presents an alternative, extended use of gameplay.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2005

The substituent dependence of geometric distortion through the two independent electronic substituent effects is analyzed for mono-substituted benzene derivatives of $C_{2v}$. Based on resonance structures, quantitative relationships expressing the resonance and field/inductive contribution terms in bond distortions are derived. The calculated field-effect parts of $C_{ipso}$_$C_{ortho}$ ring bonds increase and decrease compared to benzene for electropositive and electronegative substituents respectively. The nonbonded axial distance, $C_{ipso}$....$C_{para'}$ decreases for electronegative substituents and increases for electropositive substituents. As the electronegativity increases, the distance $C_{ortho}$....$C_{ortho'}$ increases. With the $\pi$-donors, $C_{meta}$....$C_{meta'}$ nonbonded distances are shorter compared to the ones of benzene, and for $\pi$-acceptors, the are longer. Our model based on valence bond approach predicts that the average bond length determined the area of ring, and the sum of the angles <$C_{ortho}$_$C_{ispo}$_$C_{ortho}$ and <$C_{meta}$_$C_{para}$_$C_{meta}$ determines the axial distance.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.142-148
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• 2008

Facility Layout Planning is concerned with how to arrange facilities necessary for production in a given space. Its objective is often to minimize the total sum of all material flows multiplied by the distance among facilities. FLP belongs to NP complete problem; i.e., the number of possible layout solutions increases with the increase of the number of facilities. Thus, meta heuristics such as Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Simulated Annealing have been investigated to solve the FLP problems. However, one of the biggest problems which lie in the existing meta heuristics including GA is hard to find an appropriate combinations of parameters which result in optimal solutions for the specific problem. The Ant System algorithm with elitist and ranking strategies is used to solve the FLP problem as an another good alternative. Experimental results show that the AS algorithm is able to produce the same level of solution quality with less sensitive parameters selection comparing to the ones obtained by applying other existing meta heuristic algorithms.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.109-114
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• 1995

For effective management of statistical database, statistical summary information must be provided by accessing directly the precomputed summary data from summary database to store and manage meta database for supporting statistical analysis and providing users with statistical summary information. In order to support effectively the use of summary database, we do the design and implementation of meta database and manager having a hierarchical structure as a data dictionary/directory and operation method is presented.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.1101-1113
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• 2016

This study was conducted to analyze the effects of parenting programs for children with disabilities through meta-regression analysis of experimental studies published in Korea. Twenty-two studies with a randomized or non-randomized control group prepost test design were included in the analysis. Parenting programs had a significant effect on parenting stress (ES= -1.08, p <.001, $I^2=67.4%$), parenting ecacy (ES=0.72, p <.001, $I^2=58.0%$) and self-esteem (ES=0.58, p =.016, $I^2=0$). The meta-regression analysis showed that research designs and therapy providers had different effects on dependent variables. Results support that parenting programs are helpful for parents of children with disabilities in reducing parenting stress and improving parenting efficacy, and self-esteem.