• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.69-75
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• 2024

For potential applications in large-area organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays, solar cells, sensors, and secondary batteries, we have developed a slot-die coating process that allows control of coating width and continuous coating. In a sheet-to-sheet (S2S) type coating system, coating width adjustment and continuous coating processing are highly demanded to improve productivity and automate the coating process. To control coating width, we have proposed a shim plate with a narrower outlet width and a dual plate slot-die head (DP-SDH) with a meniscus guide. For continuous coating process, we have attempted a lip dipping method and a motorized cleaning module method. Finally, using the DP-SDH and motorized cleaning module method, we have successfully fabricated a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film with a width of 150 mm, despite the head-lip width being 200 mm.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.97-107
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• 2018

Objectives This is one of the manuals of East-West integrative medicine which was created by the committee on integrative medicine of Chung-Yeon Korean Medicine Hospital. The purpose of this manual is to support clinical decision-making and communication between Korean and western medical staff in a Korean medicine hospital during the rehabilitation of patients after knee surgery. Methods The draft was made by two rehabilitation specialists in Korean medicine. After a rehabilitation specialist in western medicine reviewed the draft and exchanged their ideas, a revised version that reflects the goal of consultation was made. Then the committee agreed to adopt the manuals through the process of review and feedback in addition to face-to-face discussions. Results This manual describes clinical decision-making for rehabilitation after arthroscopic partial meniscus resection, meniscus refixation, reconstruction of anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. Therefore, it contains the schedule of rehabilitation treatment by the surgical technique, general goal of the rehabilitation by phase, guide for patients and postoperative infection management. Conclusions Despite some limitations, this manual has significance as the first example of a decision-making protocol suggestion for East-West integrative rehabilitation treatment after a knee surgery in one medical institution.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.69-74
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• 2019

The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of the microtip length in a slot-die head on coating of a fine poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) stripe. To this end, we have employed a meniscus guide with a 150-㎛-wide microtip and performed roll-to-roll slot-die coatings by varying its length between 500 ㎛ and 50 ㎛. When the microtip length is 150 ㎛ or shorter, we have observed three unexpected phenomena; 1) though the solution spreads much wider than the microtip width, yet the coated stripe width is almost the same as the microtip width, 2) the stripe width decreases, but the stripe thickness is rather increased with increasing coating speed at a fixed flow rate, 3) we obtain stripes much narrower than the microtip width at high coating speeds. It is due to the fact that 1) the meniscus is not well controlled by a short microtip, 2) the main stream of solution from the outlet is very close to the substrate and thus the distributed solution along the head lip merges with the main stream, and 3) the solution is not spread over the entire microtip end at high coating speeds, causing a tiny wobble in the meniscus. Using the 150-㎛-wide and 250-㎛-long microtip, we have fabricated 153-㎛-wide and 94-nm-thick PEDOT:PSS stripe at the maximum coating speed of 13 mm/s. To demonstrate its applicability in solution-processable organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), we have also fabricated an OLED device with the fine PEDOT:PSS stripe and obtained strong light emission from it.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 1999

Purpose : The importance of meniscal repair is well recognized. But transeciton of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus at the posterior tibial attachment is rarely documented and known irreparable. We experienced 9 cases of transection, and present clinical features and pull out suture technique. Methods and Materials : There were 9cases of transection of the posterior horn of medial meniscus from September 1998 to July 1999 in our hospital. Age was 59.3 years in average and ranged from 38 to 70years. Clinical features and MRI made diagnosis in all cases. We confirmed the diagnosis with arthroscopy and repaired the transection with pullout suture technique. Clinical features : Transection of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus at the posterior tibia attachment occurred frequently in middle aged people. They complained posterior knee pain, but they have no history of definitive trauma. Characteristically they had difficulty in full flexion of the knee and in having a squatting position. MRI is very important in diagnosis of transection, especially in coronal view, there is separation of the posterior horn of the meniscus from the posterior tibial attachment. Surgical technique : Pullout suture technique includes debridement of fibrous or scar tissue, exposure of the subchondral bone of the posterior tibial attachment site, suture the transected end of the meniscus with PDS suture, bone tunnel formation from the anteromedial aspect of the proximal tibia, insertion of wire loop through the tibia tunnel, pull the PDS suture through the tibia tunnel out of the joint and stabilize the PDS with post-tie technique to the proximal tibia. Conclusion : Transection of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus at the posterior tibial attachment is not common clinically and rarely documented. Clinical features and MRI are very important in diagnosis of this type tear. Arthroscopic pullout sutures is useful for treatment of this type tear of the meniscus.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.300-308
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• 1999

Arthroscopy is a valuable diagnostic and operative tool in equine and human orthopedics. The arthroscope is a difficult instrument to use and requires patience, practice, and persistence in order to obtain good results. This technique was found to be less traumatic than arthrotomy, invasiveness, rapid recovery and the feasibility of surgically correcting many arthropathies. The use of the arthroscope in the dog provides a new dimension in the study and diagnosis of joint derangements. The purpose of this report is to introduce the use of the arthroscope in the dog-more specifically, in the stifle of the dog. A diameter 2.7 mm fore-oblique viewing arthroscope, cold light source, video and video printer are used. With the fore-oblique viewing type it is possible to view directly as well as slightly to the side and the range of viewing can be increased by rotating the arthroscope around the object The scope is connected with a cold light source by means of a fiber-optic light guide. The stifle joint was flexed to 20~30$^{\circ}$. The joint were lavaged with lactated Ringer's solution during arthroscopic examination. Arthroscopy of the stifle was performed prior to arthrotomy in 1 dead dog and 4 healthy dogs, and other 3 dogs was performed only arthroscopic examination. In this study only the conventional approaches were used and in most cases it was possible to view all the intra-articular structures via the lateral infrapatellar approach. In the stifle joint, endoscopic observation was performed to find lateral femoral condyle, patella, medial femoral condyle, trochlear groove, tibia, fat, cranial cruciate ligament, caudal cruciate ligament lateral meniscus, tendon of long digital extensor muscle, medial meniscus, and medial collateral ligament Post-arthroscopic examination, the lameness had disappeared within 12~24 hours. Pain and swelling in the stifle joint had disappeared within 24~36 hours. Post-arthroscopic secondary infection was never encountered in the dogs. In conclusion, arthroscopic insertion technique in canine stifle joint using a diameter 2.7 mm 30$^{\circ}$ arthroscope was established and arthroscopical views of all anatomical structures in the normal stilfe joint were obtained through lateral infrapatellar portal.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.30-35
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• 2020

A microlens has been fabricated by various methods such as a thermal reflow, hot embossing, diamond milling, etc. However, these methods require a relatively complex process to control the microlens shape. In this work, we report on a simple and cost-effective method to fabricate a cylindrical microlens (CML), which can diffuse light widely. We have employed a slot-die head with the dual plate (a meniscus guide with a protruded μ-tip and a shim with a slit channel) for coating of a narrow stripe using poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). We have shown that the higher the coating gap, the lower the maximum coating speed, which causes an increase in the stripe width and thickness. The coated PMMA stripe has the concave shape. To make it in the shape of a convex microlens, we have applied the thermal reflow method. When the stripe thickness is small, however, its effect is negligible. To increase the stripe thickness, we have increased the number of repeated coating. With this scheme, we have fabricated the CML with the width of 223 ㎛ and the thickness of 7.3 ㎛. Finally, we have demonstrated experimentally that the CML can diffuse light widely, a feature demanded for light extraction efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and suppression of moiré patterns in displays.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.6-10
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• 2019

In the presence of $\mu-tip$ for narrow stripe coating, there appears lateral capillary flow along the hydrophilic head lip because the $\mu-tip$ has some resistance to flow. It was known to be suppressed by increasing the contact angle of the head lip. In this paper, we have demonstrated by computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulations that it can also be suppressed by the formation of micro-patterns on the shim and meniscus guide embedded into the slot-die head. To optimize the micro-patterned structure, we have performed simulations by varying the groove width, depth, and clearance. In the absence of micro-patterns, it is shown by experiment and simulation that the solution spreads to a distance of $1,300{\mu}m$ from the ${\mu}-tip$. In the presence of micro-patterns with the groove width and clearance of $50{\mu}m$, the distance the solution spreads is reduced to $260{\mu}m$. However, no further suppression in the capillary flow is observed with micro-patterns with the groove width of $40{\mu}m$ or less. It is also observed that the capillary flow is not affected by the groove depth if it is larger than $10{\mu}m$. We have shown that the distance the solution spreads can be reduced further to $204{\mu}m$ by coating a hydrophobic material (contact angle of $104^{\circ}$) on the surface of micro-patterns having the groove width and clearance of $50{\mu}m$.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.92-96
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• 2019

In the presence of ${\mu}-tip$ embedded in a slot-die head for stripe coatings, there arises the capillary flow that limits an increase of the stripe density, which is required for the potential applications in organic light-emitting diode displays. With an attempt to suppress it, we have employed a computational fluid dynamics software and performed simulations by varying the ${\mu}-tip$ length and the contact angles of the head lip and ${\mu}-tip$. We have first demonstrated that such a capillary flow phenomenon (a spread of solution along the head lip) observed experimentally can be reproduced by the computational fluid dynamics software. Through simulations, we have found that stronger capillary flow is observed in the hydrophilic head lip with a smaller contact angle and it is suppressed effectively as the contact angle increases. When the contact angle of the head lip increases from $16^{\circ}$ to $130^{\circ}$, the distance a solution can reach decreases sharply from $256{\mu}m$ to $44{\mu}m$. With increasing contact angle of the ${\mu}-tip$, however, the solution flow along the ${\mu}-tip$ is disturbed and thus the capillary flow phenomenon becomes more severe. If the ${\mu}-tip$ is long, the capillary flow also appears strong due to an increase of flow resistance (electronic-hydraulic analogy). It can be suppressed by reducing the ${\mu}-tip$ length, but not as effectively as reducing the contact angle of the head lip.