• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1825-1838
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• 2016

The detection of skin pigment is crucial in the diagnosis of skin diseases and in the evaluation of medical cosmetics and hairdressing. Accuracy in the detection is a basis for the prompt cure of skin diseases. This study presents a method to recognize and measure human skin pigment using Hemoglobin-Melanin (HM) coordinate. The proposed method extracts the skin area through a Gaussian skin-color model estimated from statistical analysis and decomposes the skin area into two pigments of hemoglobin and melanin using an Independent Component Analysis (ICA) algorithm. Then, we divide the two-dimensional (2D) HM coordinate into rectangular bins and compute the location histograms of hemoglobin and melanin for all the bins. We label the skin pigment of hemoglobin, melanin, and normal skin on all bins according to the Bayesian classifier. These bin-based HM projective histograms can quantify the skin pigment and compute the standard deviation on the total quantification of skin pigments surrounding normal skin. We tested our scheme using images taken under different illumination conditions. Several cosmetic coverings were used to test the performance of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can detect skin pigments with more accuracy and evaluate cosmetic covering effects more effectively than conventional methods.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2006

The study was aimed to recommend the ways for improving regulatory system of quasi-drugs in governmental authority by comparing with other countries. According to the regulations, the scope of quasi-drugs includes 3 categories of 1) the health aids made of textile, rubber and paper, 2) the health aids which have very minimal effects or no any effects on humans, and 3) disinfectants and pesticides. In US, these quasi-drugs in Korea are classified into 5 categories of medical device, cosmetics, OTC drugs, dietary supplements and pesticides. To improve quasi-drugs administration in Korea, it is concluded that several measures should be implemented : 1) establish clear criteria for classifying into quasi-drugs and more detailed guidelines on designation of quasi-drugs, 2) reform current regulations to meet 3-categories characteristics, supplement detailed guidelines on quasi-drugs administration for effective application process, and update relevant regulations for efficacy, safety and quality, 3) update quasi-drug monographs, 4) re-evaluate current classification of individual quasi-drugs, 5) develop comprehensive list by ingredients, 6) reform post-marketing management system for safety and quality, 7) strengthen the review agency function by increasing the number of experts, 8) develop the database for quasi-drugs for effective information management.

• CELLMED
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.7.1-7.12
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• 2018

Greying of hairs or Canities (Sheeb) is a hair disorder characterized by premature graying of scalp hair, beard, moustache etc. In Unani system of medicine (USM), the causes of premature greying of hairs, concept behind graying of hairs, principles of treatment, preparations that prevent premature greying of hairs, regimen, systemic and local treatment to stimulate pigmentation and the most interesting point is the use of different type of hair dyes (khizabat) is all illustrated. Classical texts described black, red, blond and white hair dye preparations with formulae and method of use. Initially for the hair graying management, utilizing simple and complex substances from plants, minerals, metals and mixture of these was the main method, which satisfied the desire to change the colour of the hair. With the advancement in chemical science, dyes formulaes, method of formation and application are changed. But due to the awareness about demerits of chemical dyes, people are looking back towards the natural ways to combat hair greying and herbal hair dye is an alternative. This paper is an overview of Unani drugs of local and internal use for hair greying with special attention towards herbal dyes. Most commonly used herbs in khizaab with their actions and constituents has been summarized. This is an effort to globalize the benefits of Unani herbs in hair greying problem. In short, International demand for hair dyes has been steadily growing and there is a wide scope for exploring different aspects of hair greying treatment and dyes in USM.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.292-301
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to know the perception on acne for the college students to provide basic data for the suitable care of acne. Self-administrated questionnaires were completed by 641 college students. Dietary attitude, food habit, general perceptions on acne, knowledge level on acne, and relationship perception between special food and acne were analyzed. The results were as follows. 1. Self reported health status, smoking, obesity index were significantly different by experience of acne. 2. Dietary attitude and food habits were not significantly different by experience of acne. 3. Acne experienced subjects had acne on their face mostly and responded positively to specialized treatment. Proportions of getting the knowledge on acne were 40.6% from friends, 35.4% from magazine and 21.7% from TV or radio. 4. Proportions of correctly answered for the questions about pregnancy, hair cosmetics, oily food, male hormone, family history, constipation related with acne were less than 50% for acne experienced subjects. 92.5% of acne experienced subjects were answered eating chocolate, nut, and fat were related with breaking out and aggravating of acne. Perceptions on breaking out factors and aggravating factors of acne were not significantly different by gender. 5. More than 70% acne experienced subjects stated that instant foods, oily foods, meats, cookies, nuts were related with developing and aggravating acne. Soybean, Seaweed, fermented fish were recognized as less related with developing and aggravating acne.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2003

Sericulture is a traditional agro-industry, which involves mulberry cultivation and silkworm rearing, has made great contributes to the human civilization. With the development of national economy and modem technology, mulberry and silkworm are being used to develop products with functionality besides the traditional cocoon production in China. In this paper, we brief the current developing situation of sericultural byproducts with functionality in the following aspects. (1) Functional products from silkworm larvae: silkworm powder, white muscardine silkworm, isolation and purification of anti-bacterial proteins from the larvae and production of medically valuable substances by Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) vector. (2) Utilization of silkworm feces: for pillow and for isolation of chlorophyll etc. (3) Production of valuable Chinese traditional medicine like Cordyceps sinensis with pupae, functional utilization of pupa protein and chitin. (4) Silk as additives to cosmetics, silk food and medical materials. (5) Functional utilization of mulberry: cultivation of edible fungus on mulberry shoots as medium, mulberry fruit drinks, mulberry tea, etc. The prospect of sericultural byproduct industry in China is also discussed.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.167-187
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• 2012

Organizational growth is achieved through the process of finding opportunities in the environment and establishing a business model with internal and external resources. Bestian Hospital, which primarily focuses on saving the lives of patients with severe burns, has enlarged its business domain through deep understanding of burn patients' problems, including pain and complications during treatments, long-term treatments, skin reconstruction, and so on. Now Bestian is accelerating research for development of antipyretics and cosmetics for burn patients. The success of Bestian has been due to utilization of human and material resources that are essential to performance in the medical field. Also, Bestian properly used a management service organization(MSO) model and constructed an information technology(IT) system for supporting its businesses. However, previous successes do not guarantee continued success. Bestian is entering a new domain with different challenges than it has experienced so far, and how it deals with these challenges will decide its future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.3 no.3 s.3
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• pp.41-47
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• 2005

This study was conducted with 60 adult males who visited the Atomi Cooperative Clinic(Atomi Dermatology/Pediatrics/Oriental Clinic) in Seoul between May 2003 and December 2004; they were divided into three groups, each of which consisted of 20 persons, according to the level of erythma and then each group was subdivided to consist of ten according to whether they received skin treatment and care. The standard care provided to two groups involved topical steroids and oriental medicines prescribed by a dermatologist and a oriental doctor, respectively. 5th-grade topical steroid ointment was applied to the face and 3rd-grade to the limbs; a oriental medicine was administered in a lukewarm state half an hour after meals three times a day. To determine how special and systematic skin treatment and care was helpful in treating atopy, a skin treatment system was applied to the experimental group while the control group was provided with standard care alone. By using Mexameter(MX18) manufactured by ck-mpa as a measuring tool, the inflammation level was observed at the right antecubital space during each visit to the clinic. In view of the re suits, introduction of the systemic skin care for A. D to legitimate treatment provided by a medical institution is expected to be an appropriate supplementary treatment for adult patients who suffer from frequent recurrence of atopic dermatitis.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2013

According to previous reports, antioxidant activities of Codonopsis lanceolata could be increased by a steaming process. This study was performed to improve its antioxidant activity and skin whitening activities of C. lanceolata by high pressure and stepwise steaming complex process. The complex processed C. lanceolata showed highest free radical scavenging acitivity as 45.21%, and for phenol and flavonoid contents, complex processed C. lanceolata contained higher than those from conventional extraction process or steaming process alone. The Cytotoxicity of all C. lanceolata extracts also showed low cytotoxicity against human fibroblast cell (CCD-986sk) as 4.49 ~ 10.40%. In whitening activity, high inhibition of tyrosinase activity was estimated as 25.08% by adding the extracts from complex process. We found that whitening and antioxidant activity of complex processed C. lancolata extract was higher than those obtained from conventional extraction and a steaming process because various kinds of antioxidant compounds could be easily released by combined process, compared to one of each process.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 1997

Isothiazoline derivatives is widely used to food, medical drug and industrial goods, cosmetics etcs, and it makes to restrain and to sterilize a breeding of microbe as a preservative and a sterilizing agent. It differs with the raw material of paraoxybenzoic acid derivatives or imidazolydinyl urea to be in use at present, on the efficacy and effect, and has various characteristics. This synthesis makes 3,3'-dithiodipropionic chloride to add a thionyl chloride in 3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid, and 3,3'-dithiodipropionic methyl amide makes to synthesize in a reflux reaction the mono methyl amine to 3,3'-dithiodipropionic chloride. And last synthesis becomes to make chlorination-cyclization molecule doing a reflux reaction in the temperature of $90{\sim}100^{\circ}C$ to mix excessively thionyl chloride and ethylene dichloride to 3,3'-dithiodipropionic methyl amide. The last synthesis material has got in the mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one, and it is so-called isothiazoline derivatives. The purification of isothiazoline derivatives makes to fuse in ethyl acetate, and makes to decolorize and to deodorize in recrystallization. This experiment has been in synthesis and purification of isothiazoline derivatives, and has tried to measure on the antisepsis and sterilization function of microbe according to pH or content change.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

The hydrolysis of biomass to fermentable sugar (saccharification) and to oligosaccharide is an essential process in biotechnology including biorefinery and biofood. Various macroalgae are commercially cultivated in several Asian countries as a useful resource for food and agar production. Agar is a major component of the cell walls of red algae that can be hydrolyzed by agarase. Agarases are classified into ${\alpha}$-agarase (E.C. 3.2.1.158) and ${\beta}$-agarase (E.C. 3.2.1.81) according to the cleavage pattern and grouped in the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family (GH-16, GH-58, GH-86, GH-96, and GH-118) based on the amino acid sequences of the proteins. Agarases have been isolated from various bacteria found in seawater and marine sediments. To increase productivity of the enzyme, a research on recombinant enzymes has been done. The application of recombinant agarase can be possible in the various filed such as energy, food, cosmetics, medical and so on. This paper reviews the source, biochemical characteristics and production system of recombinant agarases for further study.