• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.82-90
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• 2003

Dopamine is an effective pressor for the treatment of shock and hypotension when patients do not respond to plasma volume expansion. Two dopamine intravenous delivery systems are currently available in Korea. The objective of this study was to compare dopamine premixed with prefilled system in terms of supply costs (preparation costs + personnel time), contamination rates and convenience. Time-and-motion studies were conducted to determine the time and costs associated with preparation and administration of the two systems. They were analyzed and compared by Mann-Whitney test. To evaluate the contaminaton rates of the two systems, both systems were prepared in an open environment similar to that of practical situations. Premixed and compounded solutions were then filtered by $0.22{\mu}m$ membrane filters, which were cultured at $37^{\circ}C$ for 10 days and their contents were visually checked for bacterial contamination. The convenience of the two systems was compared by itemized user assessments on preparation, dose calculation, admixture, administration and disposal of waste matters. They were analyzed by Wilcoxon's signed rank test and 100 part percentage. It was found that the preparation costs $(mean{\pm}SD)$ for premixed and prefilled systems were $271.70\pm293.55\;Won$ (Korean currency) and $1521.04\pm510.63\;Won$, respectively. The preparation time $(mean{\pm}SD)$ for premixed system was $68.10\pm35.69\;sec.$ while at for prefilled system was $154.03\pm50.06\;sec.$ (n=59 each, p<0.001). No bacterium was observed in the samples of both systems (n=20, each). User assessments indicated that the premixed system was more convenient than the prefilled system except for the item of dose calculation (n=24, p<0.001). Subjective evaluations have proven that the use of the dopamine premixed system resulted in increased efficiency of intravenous preparation by allowing personnel to devote more time to other labor-intensive duties and lower total medical costs.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.330-341
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• 2015

Objectives: Emergency medical personnel (EMPs) are pre-hospital emergency responders who are at risk of exposure to infections and may also serve as a source for the transmission of infections. However, few studies of infection control have specifically addressed EMPs in the Republic of Korea (hereafter Korea). The goal of this study was to assess the current status of infection prevention and control programs (IPCPs) for EMPs in Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to quantitatively assess the resources and activities of IPCPs. A total of 907 EMPs in five metropolitan cities completed a structured questionnaire from September 2014 to January 2015. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multi-response analysis, and the chi-square test. Results: The mean age of the participants was $34.8{\pm}15.1years$. IPCPs were found to have weaknesses with regard to the following resources: the assignment of infection control personnel (ICP) (79.5%), hand hygiene resources such as waterless antiseptics (79.3%), the use of paper towels (38.9%), personal protective equipment such as face shields (46.9%), and safety containers for sharps and a separated space for the disposal of infectious waste (10.1%). Likewise, the following activities were found to be inadequately incorporated into the workflow of EMPs: education about infection control (77.5%), post-exposure management (35.9%), and the decontamination of items and spaces after use (88.4%). ICP were found to have a significant effect on the resources and activities of IPCPs (p<0.001). The resources and activities of IPCPs were found to be significantly different among the five cities (p<0.001). Conclusions: IPCPs for EMPs showed some limitations in their resources and activities. IPCPs should be actively supported, and specific IPCP activities for EMPs should be developed.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.39-49
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• 2021

Purpose: The negative pressure isolation ward is a key facility in preparedness and response to infectious diseases. For the sustainable operation of the facility, appropriate facility improvement is required. The experience of medical staff responding to infectious diseases in the COVID-19 pandemic provides effective informations for facility planning. Methods: The post occupancy evaluation (POE) was conducted by interviewing medical staff who is working on Nationally designated negative pressure isolation ward in general hospital. Floor plan analysis was conducted before field surveys for identifying facility characteristic and spatial composition. After that, field surveys were conducted at 3 hospitals, and interviews and fieldwork were conducted together. Results: It is necessary to increase the standard size of ward area from 15m² to 20m². The size of the doffing room has to be planned for accommodation of two or more people. Equipment storage, clean storage and waste storage also should be properly planned. There were almost no problems with the circulation in the ward. There was not enough space for medical staff. Implications: For a sustainable and safe negative pressure isolation ward planning, it is necessary to exploit learning from the medical staffs who have many experiences of coping with infectious diseases.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.125-129
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• 2014

Several reports on taeniasis and cysticercosis in Vietnam show that they are distributed in over 50 of 63 provinces. In some endemic areas, the prevalence of taeniasis was 0.2-12.0% and that of cysticercosis was 1.0-7.2%. The major symptoms of taeniasis included fidgeted anus, proglottids moving out of the anus, and proglottids in the feces. Clinical manifestations of cysticercosis in humans included subcutaneous nodules, epileptic seizures, severe headach, impaired vision, and memory loss. The species identification of Taenia in Vietnam included Taenia asiatica, Taenia saginata, and Taenia solium based on combined morphology and molecular methods. Only T. solium caused cysticercosis in humans. Praziquantel was chosen for treatment of taeniasis and albendazole for treatment of cysticercosis. The infection rate of cysticercus cellulosae in pigs was 0.04% at Hanoi slaughterhouses, 0.03-0.31% at provincial slaughterhouses in the north, and 0.9% in provincial slaughterhouses in the southern region of Vietnam. The infection rate of cysticercus bovis in cattle was 0.03-2.17% at Hanoi slaughterhouses. Risk factors investigated with regard to transmission of Taenia suggested that consumption of raw meat (eating raw meat 4.5-74.3%), inadequate or absent meat inspection and control, poor sanitation in some endemic areas, and use of untreated human waste as a fertilizer for crops may play important roles in Vietnam, although this remains to be validated.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2004

The United States has a unique health care system, which is unlikely any other health care systems in the world. The major part of basic functional components of the system -financing, insurance, delivery, and payment- is in private hands. A market-oriented economy invites the participation of numerous private entities that are interested in carrying out the key functions of health systems. Due to this central feature, U.S.health care is not delivered through a network of interrelated components designed to work together coherently. For lack of standardization, the various components of the system fit together only loosely. The involvement of numerous players in the key functions leads to duplication, overlap, inadequacy, inconsistency, and waste, which add to the complexity and also make the system inefficient. Hence, cost containment remains an elusive goals. Moreover, the system falls short of delivering equitable services to all americans, though consumption of health care services is the largest in the world. On the other hand, United States leads the world in the latest and the best in medical technology, medical training, and research. It offers some of the most sophisticated institutions, products, and processes of health care delivery. This article discuss the characteristic features of the U.S. health care system. and its performance, trying to seek its implication on Korean health care system.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.141-150
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• 2002

Most of physical therapists has thought be exposed themselves to risk of hospital infection but it is reported that have been low concern about infection management. Above like this haven t done systematical education on hospital infection, also physical therapist's information management of infection disease is found very low. It is lack of driving information about disease condition of the patients. Physical therapists has thought their working room may be polluted a lots of micro-organism(%). The control situation of infection waste articles, only 53% responded that the controller has managed very intensive so we can feel to need more intensive It's reported that air culture investigation of physical therapy room has never initiated. To wash the hand, before, after treatment of the patients of physical therapist, is very low frequency. And 73% have responded that the time to wash the hand stays 15-45 second. It is examined that 70% physical therapy room is equipped with washing system, a response of 58% disinfects physical therapy room 1-2times per one month. 36% responded disinfection of treatment modality have done everyday, 25% responded have never done. The location physical therapy room is above one floor - 65%. A response of 57% is ventilation system sufficiency, it is considered that physical therapists needs more efforts on management of hospital infection.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.636-637
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• 2018

The electronic shelf label(ESL) system based on wireless communication can reduce waste of disposable paper, reduce labor force and update real time information. However, the environment in which a large number of ESL modules are installed is exposed to interference from radio frequency(RF) communications in the Industry-Science-Medical(ISM) band. In this paper, we propose an ESL system based on visible light communication to avoid congestion of ESL system using ISM band. In the proposed system, the goods information and ID transmitted from the administrator server are transmitted in the ESL Tag, and the ESL Tag identifies the ID and displays the product information. Experiments show that ESL system using visible light communication is possible.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.236-246
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• 2012

Hospital out-shopping by local patients has become more popular. In particular, many cancer patients have visited hospitals in the capital area to get better medical services regardless of how far the hospitals are from their home. However this kind of hospital out-shopping may discontinue medical treatment and cause a waste of medical resources including manpower. In addition, it creates additional economic and social expenses such as caretakers' transportation and lodging expenses. It is necessary to study patients who would take the medical treatment in Busan go to Seoul for better medical services are more satisfied based on objective data. For this, a questionnaire survey has been performed against 223 cancer patients who had a surgery in Busan and 187 patents who had an operation in Seoul. According to the survey, the patients who had an operation in the capital area(Group A) were more satisfied than the patients who had a surgery in Busan(Group B) in terms of convenience facilities, doctors' competence. However the Group A was very dissatisfied in terms of accessibility and satisfaction on overall medical services.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.80-85
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• 2014

Coffee enema was started by American doctor Max Gerson for cancer patients in 1920s. Coffee enema is known to remove waste material and toxins in the colon, and increase the enzymatic activity in the liver. In alternative medicine, It is to be used for fecal stasis removal, detoxification, obesity, pain control etc. In recently, The Society of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research make strenuous efforts to spread a new treatment about obesity. And Obesity is already known as one of the main causes of adult diseases. If we use the Korean medical treatment, and at the same time use coffee enema, maybe we will have a good or better clinical result about obesity and metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, we introduce a method that can be easily coffee enema. Thus, we hope that the reference to the teaching of patients.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.143-153
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to verify the dietitian’s job description(2000) for dietitians working at schools. The survey was carried out for the frequency, criticality and difficulty of each job description with 4 point scales. The number of subject was 125 dietitians, who have been working over 3 years at their position. The results are following ; 1. Duties with high frequency and criticality were menu managements, purchasing, storage and inventory controls, food productions, meal services, managing equipments and facility, waste managements, sanitation managements and self promotions. 2. Duties with middle frequency and high criticality were human resources managements and financial managements. 3. Duties with low frequency and high criticality were nutrition assessment (life cycles, certain diseases, specific condition), medical nutritional theraphy, nutrition education and public health nutrition. 4. For difficulty, duties related food service had lower points than that of nutrition service.