• Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.398-406
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• 2018

Objective: Hospitalization of patients with delirium after visiting the emergency department (ED) is often required. However, the readmission risk after discharge from the ED should also be considered. This study aimed to explore whether (i) immediate hospitalization influences the readmission risk of patients with delirium; (ii) the readmission risk is affected by various risk factors; and (iii) the healthcare cost differs between groups within 28 days of the first ED visit. Methods: Using the National Health Insurance Research Database, the data of 2,780 subjects presenting with delirium at an ED visit from 2000 to 2008 were examined. The readmission risks of the groups of patients (i.e., patients who were and were not admitted within 24 hours of an ED visit) within 28 days were compared, and the effects of the severities of different comorbidities (using Charlson's comorbidity index, CCI), age, gender, diagnosis and differences in medical healthcare cost were analyzed. Results: Patients without immediate hospitalization had a higher risk of readmission within 3, 7, 14, or 28 days of discharge from the ED, especially subjects with more severe comorbidities ($CCI{\geq}3$) or older patients (${\geq}65years$). Subjects with more severe comorbidities or older subjects who were not admitted immediately also incurred a greater healthcare cost for re-hospitalization within the 28-day follow-up period. Conclusion: Patients with delirium with a higher CCI or of a greater age should be carefully considered for immediate hospitalization from ED for further examination in order to reduce the risk of re-hospitalization and cost of healthcare.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2018

Purpose Quality control of instrument takes up a large part in the Radioimmunoassays. The gamma-ray instrument, which is one of the important instruments in the laboratory, observes the condition and performance of instrument and performs quality control of the instrument by measuring the Normalization, Calibration, Background and etc. However, there are some automation instruments which can't measure the counting efficiency of gamma-ray meters, resulting in insufficient management in terms of performance evaluation of gamma-ray meters. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to manage the quality control continuously and regularly by suggesting how to measure the counting efficiency of gamma-ray instruments. Materials and Methods In case of a comparative measurement method to a gamma-ray instrument dedicated to nuclear medical examination, the CPM and counting efficiency can be obtained after the measurement of normalization by inserting the I-125 $200{\mu}L$(CPM 50,000~500,000) into the test tube. With this CPM and counting efficiency values, it's possible to calculate the measurement of the DPM value and count the CPM from the automation instrument from the same source, and enter the DPM to calculate the counting efficiency using a comparative measurement method. Another method is to calculate the counting efficiency by estimating the half life using the radiation source information of the tracer in B test reagents of company A. Results According to the calculation formula using the DPM obtained by counting the normalization of gamma-ray meters, the detection efficiency was 75.16% for Detector 1, 76.88% for Detector 2, 77.13% for Detector 3, 75.36% for Detector 4 and 73.2% for Detector 5 respectively. Using another calculation formula estimated from the shelf life, the data of the detection efficiency from Detector 1 to Detector 5 were 74.9%, 75.1%, 76.5%, 74.9% and 73.2% respectively. Conclusion Although the accuracy of counting efficiencies of both methods are insufficient, this is considered to be useful for ongoing management of quality control if counting efficiency is managed after setting the acceptable ranges. For example, if the measurement efficiency is set to 70% or higher, the allowed %difference between measurements is within 3% and the %difference with the detector wall is set within 5%.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.445-453
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• 2021

This study investigates the factors influencing quality of life for cancer patients based on demographic characteristics, physical-mental health, and oral health. These factors are analyzed using the results from 235 cancer patients in Korea's 7th national health and nutrition survey. Data were analyzed using PASW Statistics Ver. 18.0. Studies show that cancer patients experienced stress (74.5%), depression (84.3%), and activity limitations (15.3%). In oral health, problems chewing were often experienced in groups with low incomes (3.35±.21), activity limitations (2.71±.31), and depression (3.01±.27). The factors influencing quality of life were higher by 3.43 times in the low-income group and by 8.39 times in the activity-restricted group, by 2.74 times in the high-stress group, by 4.58 times in the depression group, by 2.68 times in the chewing-problems group, and were 4.92 times higher in the speech problems group (p<0.05). To improve quality of life, not only mental and physical health care, but also oral care is necessary. An integrated management plan for medical staff in the treatment process of cancer patients is required to prevent mental, physical, and oral discomfort.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.93-101
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• 2021

Objective: Temperature could influence protein and amino acid deposition as well as gut microbiota profile and composition. However, the specific effects of ambient temperature on amino acids deposition and gut microbiota composition remain insufficiently understood. Methods: A total of 300 one-day-old Avian broilers were randomly divided into three groups and reared at high, medium, and low temperature (HT, MT, and LT), respectively. Breast muscle and fecal samples were collected for amino acid composition analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Results: Our data showed that compared to the MT group, there was a decrease of muscle leucine and tyrosine (p<0.05), as well as an increase of methionine in the HT group (p<0.05) and a decrease of serine in the LT group. Examination of microbiota shift revealed that at genus level, the relative abundance of Turicibacter and Parabacteroides was increased in the HT group (p<0.05) and that the relative abundances of Pandoraea, Achromobacter, Prevotella, Brevundimonas, and Stenotrophomonas in the LT group were higher than those in the MT group (p<0.05). In addition, there were substantial correlations between microbes and amino acids. In the HT group. Turicibacter was negatively correlated with aspartic acid and tyrosine, whereas Parabacteroides was positively correlated with methionine (p<0.05). In the LT group, there were multiple positive correlations between Achromobacter and arginine, isoleucine or tyrosine; between Prevotella and cysteine or phenylalanine; between Brevundimonas and cysteine; and between Stenotrophomonas and cysteine as well as a negative correlation between Stenotrophomonas and serine. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that amino acid content of breast muscle and intestinal microbiota profile was affected by different ambient temperatures. Under heat exposure, augmented abundance of Parabacteroides was correlated with elevated methionine. Low temperature treatment may affect muscle tyrosine content through the regulation of Achromobacter.

• Journal of the Korean Fracture Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.186-191
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the radiological and epidemiological characteristics, as well as the clinical course of pelvic insufficiency fractures in the elderly population. Materials and Methods: At a Haeundae Paik Hospital, we retrospectively reviewed patients with pelvic insufficiency fractures between March 2010 and May 2017. The demographic data of patients were analyzed, and bone mineral density and bone turnover markers were evaluated to estimate the metabolic status of the bone. The radiological characteristics were evaluated by comparing the simple x-ray images with the computed tomography images, and the types of fractures were classified via computed tomography images. For clinical course evaluation, we investigated comorbid complications, and compared the walking ability scale before and 6 months after the fracture. Results: A total of 42 patients were included, with an average age of 76.5 years. All were female except one case. In 5 cases where the initial medical examination was from another institution, the fracture was not found in 3 cases. All cases received conservative treatment. After the diagnosis of pelvic bone fracture using a simple x-ray imaging, additional fractures were found in 81.0% of the study population using a computed tomography. Initiation of gait occurred at an average of 2.8 weeks, and every case except 1 (97.6%) fully recovered their gait ability. Conclusion: We concluded that there was a limitation with diagnosing pelvic insufficiency fracture using only a simple x-ray imaging technique. In general, cases in this study showed conservative treatment yielded favorable clinical outcome with relatively less critical complications.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.278-287
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• 2021

This study was conducted to analyze with a focus on gender whether the prevalence of hyperuricemia varies depending on sitting time and high-risk drinking by occupational group. For this study, the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data were used, and 16,366 people were selected. The chi-square independence test and logistic regression model were used as the analysis method. The prevalence and risk of hyperuricemia by sitting time were different in the 'agricultural, forestry and fishery skilled workers' only in men. On the other hand, the prevalence with high-risk drinking, both men and women showed differences in 'managers, experts and related workers' and 'office worker'. Also, only women have differences in 'service and sales workers', 'technicians, equipment, machine operation and assembly workers' and 'unemployed'. These results inform men have a higher prevalence and risk of hyperuricemia and suggest that health care policies and medical services are needed to prevent it by occupational group.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.633-640
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to research the prevalence and related factors for the life care of knee osteoarthritis in Koreans agricultural and fishery population. Among the agricultural and fishery population over the age of 50, 816 people were chosen to analyze the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis and the prevalence odds ratio of social demographic or health related factors based on the primitive data of the 5th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012). The prevalence of knee osteoarthritis was 26.3% and, in demographic terms, female, elders, and individuals with low level of educational attainment and monthly income showed higher prevalence of knee osteoarthritis. In health related factors, nonsmokers and people with higher BMI showed higher prevalence of knee osteoarthritis. The present cross-sectional study showing the prevalence ratio and the prevalence odd ratio revealed a high incidence of knee osteoarthritis in Korean agricultural and fishery populations.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.235-244
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• 2023

Objectives: Based on the results from the Korean Total Diet Study (KTDS), the sodium (Na) and potassium (K) intake of Koreans were estimated and compared with intake estimates from the Food & Nutrient Database (FNDB), as in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) to verify the validity of these estimates. Methods: One hundred and thirty-four representative foods (RFs) covering 92.5% of the total food intake of Koreans were selected, and 228 pairs of corresponding 'RF x representative cooking method' were derived by reflecting the methods used mainly in terms of frequency and quantity in their cooking. RF samples were collected from three cities with a larger population size in three regions (nine cities) nationwide, and six composite samples were made for each RF, considering its regional and/or seasonal characteristics. One thousand three hundred and sixty-eight 'RF x representative cooking method' pair samples were prepared, and the Na and K contents were assessed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-MS). The Na and K intake of the Korean population was estimated by linking the content with the food intake data from the 7th KNHANES. Results: The mean Na and K intake of Koreans were 2,807.4 mg and 2,335.0 mg per person per day, respectively. A comparison with the Na and K intake from KNHANES, including only RFs of KTDS, showed comparable results with less than 5% variation. While the contribution and ranking of food items to Na intake were similar between KNHANES and KTDS, there were differences in K intake. This was attributed to the large discrepancies in the K content of rice and coffee between KTDS results and the values in the 9th Revision of the National Food Composition Table used in KNHANES. Conclusions: The Na and K intake of Koreans estimated based on the KTDS, which performed nutrient analysis on samples prepared to a 'table-ready' state using foods of the representative collection, was similar and comparable with that of KNHANES. This supports the validity and usefulness of FNDB-based nutrient intake estimation at the population level. The list of nutrients studied in KTDS is expected to be expanded, allowing for intake estimation of nutrients with currently insufficient or absent information in the FNDBs in use.

• Korean Journal of Transplantation
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.144-153
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• 2014

Background: Normal renal function and health have been recognized as important factors in living donors after kidney donation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health status and health-promoting lifestyle in living donors after kidney donation. Methods: A total of 678 living-kidney donors were counted in our center from January 1990 to December 2011. Only 84 donors agreed to participate in the survey by telephone. We received consent for participation in our survey from 48 donors (57.1%). Data were collected from May to August 2013 using donor characteristics, health status, and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile I (HPLP-I). Results: The donors were predominantly female (62.5%) and the average age was 48.9±11.8 years, and the average period after nephrectomy was 9.7±5.7 years. The characteristics of donors included ideal body weight (37.5%), overweight (37.5%) in body mass index, and good health status (81.3%). Most donors underwent an annual medical check-up (56.2%), no health problem (81.3%), and no disease (64.6%). However, one patient was treated with dialysis for renal failure due to diabetes. The total average score for HPLP-I was 128.3±13.9. Higher than average scores (116.3±19.1) were observed for the general middle-aged woman. There were statistically significant differences in self-realization and nutrition in subsection of HPLP-I. Self-realization showed a higher score for Christian (F=2.743, P=0.041) and good health (F=3.389, P=0.017). Nutrition showed a higher score for overweight, obesity (F=6.783, P=0.000), and older than 60 (F=3.854, P=0.009). Conclusions: Most living kidney donors were healthy after their donation and had relatively high scores for health-promoting lifestyle. However, one patient had a serious health problem. In addition, younger, longer period after donation, and the rare health examination of donors showed a lower health-promoting lifestyle. Designed and continuous health-care management after transplantation is needed for kidney donors.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1240-1252
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• 2021

Objective: To compare the accuracy for detecting breast cancer in the diagnostic setting between the use of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), defined as DBT alone or combined DBT and digital mammography (DM), and the use of DM alone through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: Ovid-MEDLINE, Ovid-Embase, Cochrane Library and five Korean local databases were searched for articles published until March 25, 2020. We selected studies that reported diagnostic accuracy in women who were recalled after screening or symptomatic. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. A bivariate random effects model was used to estimate pooled sensitivity and specificity. We compared the diagnostic accuracy between DBT and DM alone using meta-regression and subgroup analyses by modality of intervention, country, existence of calcifications, breast density, Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System category threshold, study design, protocol for participant sampling, sample size, reason for diagnostic examination, and number of readers who interpreted the studies. Results: Twenty studies (n = 44513) that compared DBT and DM alone were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.90 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.86-0.93) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.84-0.94), respectively, for DBT, which were higher than 0.76 (95% CI 0.68-0.83) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.73-0.89), respectively, for DM alone (p < 0.001). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.95 (95% CI 0.93-0.97) for DBT and 0.86 (95% CI 0.82-0.88) for DM alone. The higher sensitivity and specificity of DBT than DM alone were consistently noted in most subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Conclusion: Use of DBT was more accurate than DM alone for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Women with clinical symptoms or abnormal screening findings could be more effectively evaluated for breast cancer using DBT, which has a superior diagnostic performance compared to DM alone.