• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.1543-1546
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting the change of tibial posterior slope and introduce a mathematical model which calculate, through 3-dimensional analysis of the proximal tibia, how the angle of the opening wedge along the anteromedial tibial cortex influences the tibial posterior slope and valgus correction when performing a medial open wedge osteotomy. This mathematical model with navigation system can be guidelines which provide surgeons on preoperative and intraoperative measurements to maintain or correct the tibial slope and to obtain the desired valgus correction of the lower limb during an opening wedge osteotomy.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제37권
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• pp.36.1-36.7
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• 2015

Background: This study was performed to evaluate three-dimensional positional change of the condyle using three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) following unilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (USSRO) in patients with mandibular prognathism. Methods: This study examined two patients exhibiting skeletal class III malocclusion with facial asymmetry who underwent USSRO for a mandibular setback. 3D-CT was performed before surgery, immediately after surgery, and 6 months postoperatively. After creating 3D-CT images by using the In-vivo $5^{TM}$ program, the axial plane, coronal plane, and sagittal plane were configured. Three-dimensional positional changes from each plane to the condyle, axial condylar head axis angle (AHA), axial condylar head position (AHP), frontal condylar head axis angle (FHA), frontal condylar head position (FHP), sagittal condylar head axis angle (SHA), and sagittal condylar head position (SHP) of the two patients were measured before surgery, immediately after surgery, and 6 months postoperatively. Results: In the first patient, medial rotation of the operated condyle in AHA and anterior rotation in SHA were observed. There were no significant changes after surgery in AHP, FHP, and SHP after surgery. In the second patient, medial rotation of the operated condyle in AHA and lateral rotation of the operated condyle in FHA were observed. There were no significant changes in AHP, FHP, and SHP postoperatively. This indicates that in USSRO, postoperative movement of the condylar head is insignificant; however, medial rotation of the condylar head is possible. Although three-dimensional changes were observed, these were not clinically significant. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that although three-dimensional changes in condylar head position are observed in patients post SSRO, there are no significant changes that would clinically affect the patient.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2004

지문영상에서 신뢰할 만한 특징을 추출하기 위한 세선화 알고리즘은 전처리 과정에 있어서 매우 중요한 부분을 차지한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 세선화 알고리즘은 2치화된 지문영상의 연결성을 파괴하지 않고, 중심선에 가장 관접한 골격선을 최소 1화소 두께로 만들 수 있는 강건한 병렬 세선화 알고리즘을 제안하는 것이다. 제안한 기법은 3개의 부반복에 의해 반복 수행되며, 첫 번째 부반복은 내부점에 의해 최외각 경계 화소만을 제거하는 것이며, 두 번째 부반복은 2화소 두께의 골격선을 찾아 한쪽 골격선만을 추출한다. 세 번째 부반복은 골격선에 여분으로 존재하는 2화소 두께의 화소를 제거한다. 따라서 제안하는 세선화 방법은 회전과 잡음에 강건하며 균형 잡힌 중심선을 만들어낸다. 세선화 알고리즘의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 이전에 발표된 알고리즘들과 비교 분석하였다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.821-828
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• 2003

본 논문은 경동맥(carotid artery)을 환영한 MRA(Magnetic Resonance Angiography) 영상을 이용하여 실제 내시경으로 접근이 불가능한 경동맥의 내부를 시각화(visualization)하기 위해 가상혈관경(virtual angioscopy)을 구현하였다 항해경로 결정을 위해 MRA의 단면 원천영상에서 총경동맥 (common carotid artery) 및 내경동맥(internal carotid artery)만을 분리하였고, 중앙축 변환(MAT Medial Axis Transformation)을 통해 구해진 좌표값을 가상 카메라의 운행 경로로 사용하였다. 원근투영 (perspective projection) 및 볼륨 데이타의 표면을 렌더링하기 위해 마칭큐브(marching rube) 알고리즘을 사용하였다 허혈성으로 인한 뇌혈관질환(cerebrovascular disease)은 뇌졸중(stroke)의 80% 정도를 차지하는데, 경동맥은 뇌에 혈액을 공급하는 주된 혈관으로 경동맥 협착증(carotid artery stenosis)은 뇌졸중의 직접적인 원인이 된다. 가상혈관경은 경동맥 내부의 협착 위치와 협착 정도를 정성적으로 파악 할 수 있으며 협착증의 진단과 교육에 사용될 수 있다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2001

최근 거리 데이터와 CAD로부터 생성된 3차원 영상에 대한 관심이 급격하게 증가하여 다양한 3차원 영상 데이터베이스가 구축되고 있다. 원하는 영상 자료를 효과적이면서 고속으로 검색할 수 있는 시스템은 인터넷과 디지털 도서관 분야에서 중요한 문제로 부각되고 있다. 그러나, 3차원 영상 자료의 방대한 크기로 인하여 데이터베이스 관리에 어려움이 있다. 따라서 영상의 효율적 관리와 함께 내용 기반의 검색을 위한 적합한 기술자가 필요하게 된다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 형상 기술자는 3차원 영상에 대한 체적소화(voxelization)를 기반으로 한다. 체적소화된 3차원 영상에 대하여 수학적 형태학에서 파생된 골격화를 수행하고, 골격으로부터 노드(node)와 에지(edge)로 구성된 그래프를 생성한다. 생성된 그래프는 3차원 영상의 기하학적인 정보를 소실하지 않고, 인간의 직관과 유사하여 새로운 현상 기술자로 적합하다. 따라서 제안하는 형상 기술자는 3차원 물체 인식과 압축 그리고 내용 기반의 검색에 유용하게 사용할 수 있다.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.25-45
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• 2003

Sling exercise treatment(S-E-T) is a therapeutic exercise based on scientific studies for the purpose of treating musculoskeletal or neurological disorders thereby improving strength, endurance, and skills for sensory-motor integration. Exercise resistance and intensity can be modified in various ways by changing the length of rope, patient position, therapist's manual resistance, and using elastic rope. The therapist can also progress to successively higher levels of exercise resistance and intensity by changing the position of the hanging point: the subject of this article. In brief, there are three axial components in S-E-T; hanging point, motor axis, and suspension point. The hanging point can be changed in several ways in relation to the joint; axial, superior, inferior, medial, and posterior hanging points. The position of the hanging point affects the amount of load on agonist and antagonist muscles as well as on the range of motion. To create an advanced exercise program, selection of hanging point can be two-dimensional such as superior-lateral or anterior-medial. Therapists, therefore, can freely but carefully select the best hanging point based on the purpose of the exercise and their level of knowledge in S-E-T.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제10B권5호
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• pp.509-514
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• 2003

본 논문은 흉부를 촬영한 CT(Computed Tomography) 영상을 이용하여 기관지 내부를 시각화(visualization)하기 위해 가상기관지경(virtual bronchoscopy)을 구현하였다. 실제 광학내시경은 침습(invasive)검사로 환자가 불편함을 감수해야하며 검사 전에 사전 준비 작업이 필요하고 절개, 감염, 출혈 등의 부작용을 수반하는데 비해 가상내시경은 CT 나 MRI 등과 같은 스캐너의 단면 영상을 사용하여 구현한다. 가상기관지경의 항해경로 결정을 위해 CT 단면 원천영상에서 기관지(trachea wall)만을 분리하였고, 분리된 기관지 영상을 이용하여 중앙축 변환(MAT : .Medial Axis Transformation)을 통해 구해진 좌표값을 가상 카메라의 운행 경로로 사용하였다. 원근투영(perspective projection) 및 볼륨 데이터의 표면을 렌더링하기 위해 마칭큐브(marching cube) 알고리즘을 사용하였다. 기관지질환은 기관지 내부의 염증(inflammation) 이나 폐암(lung cancer)으로 기인하여 기관지 통로가 좁아지는 기관지 협착증, 기관지 확장증 및 기관지암으로 분류된다. 가상기관지경은 기관지 내부의 질환 위치와 질환 정도를 정성적으로 파악 할 수 있으며 기관지질환의 진단과 교육에 사용될 수 있다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2013

Objective: Stress is known to be an inhibitor of the reproductive hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. However, the neural and molecular connections between stress and reproduction are not yet understood. It is well established that in both humans and rodents, kisspeptin (encoded by the kiss1 gene) is a strong stimulator of the HPG axis. In the present study we hypothesized that endocannabinoids, an important neuromodulatory system in the brain, can act on the HPG axis at the level of kiss1 expression to inhibit reproductive function under stress. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were unilaterally implanted with an intracerebroventricular cannula. Afterwards, the animals were exposed to immobilization stress, with or without the presence of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 (1 ${\mu}g/rat$). Blood samples were collected through a retro-orbital plexus puncture before and after stress. Five hours after the stress, brain tissue was collected for reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction measurements of kiss1 mRNA. Results: Immobilization stress (1 hour) resulted in a decrease in the serum luteinizing hormone concentration. Additionally, kiss1 gene expression was decreased in key hypothalamic nuclei that regulate gonadotrophin secretion, the medial preoptic area (mPOA), and to some extent the arcuate nucleus (ARC). A single central administration of AM251 was effective in blocking these inhibitory responses. Conclusion: These findings suggest that endocannabinoids mediate, at least in part, immobilization stress-induced inhibition of the reproductive system. Our data suggest that the connection between immobilization stress and the HPG axis is kiss1 expression in the mPOA rather than the ARC.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.355-364
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematical analysis of T-stop motion by inline skate rolling speed. Six subjects were participated in the experiment(age: $35.0{\pm}3.3$ yrs, weight: $72.70{\pm}5.1\;kg$, height: $176.30{\pm}3.1\;cm$, career: $10.00{\pm}2.5$ yrs). The study method adopted 3-dimensional analysis and 2 cameras for filming to analyze the required displacement of center of mass, displacement of right and left hip joint, displacement of right and left knee joint, displacement of trunk tilt using by APAS. The results were as follows; In anterior-posterior displacement of COM, the faster rolling speed, the longer displacement at phase 2. In vertical displacement of COM, the faster rolling speed, the lower displacement. In medial-lateral displacement of COM, there was no significant on rolling speed. In angular displacement of right thigh segment, the faster rolling speed, the bigger displacement in X and Z axis. In angular displacement of left thigh segment, the faster rolling speed, the lower displacement in X axis. In angular displacement of right shank segment, the faster rolling speed, the bigger displacement in Z axis. In angular displacement of left shank segment, the faster rolling speed, the bigger displacement in X and Y axis. In angular displacement of trunk segment, the faster rolling speed, the bigger displacement in Z axis.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2014

Hallux valgus is a lateral deviation of the first phalanx and medial deviation of the first metatarsal at the first metatarsophalangeal (MP) joint. Its incidence has increased due to developing footwear. The etiologies include fashion footwear, genetic causes, anatomical abnormality around the foot, rheumatoid arthritis, and neuromuscular disorders. Physiologic alignment of the first MP joint is maintained by congruent and symmetric alignment of the articular surface of the first proximal phalanx and first metatarsal head, physiologic relationship of the distal first metatarsal articular surface and the first metatarsal shaft axis, and stable balance of soft tissue around the first MP joint and stable tarsometatarsal joint. Several factors have been associated with hallux valgus, including pes planus, hypermobility of the first tarsometatarsal joint, flattened shape of the first metatarsal head, increased distal metatarsal articular angle, and deformation of the medial capsular integrity. History and physical examination are very important to diagnosis of hallux valgus. Simple radiography provides information on deformity, particularly in weight-bearing anteroposterior and lateral radiographs. Understanding the etiologies and pathophysiology is very important for success in treatment of patients with hallux valgus.